scholarly journals Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnant women in Burkina Faso: a community-based cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Baptiste Yaro ◽  
Alphonse Ouedraogo ◽  
Amidou Diarra ◽  
Salif Sombié ◽  
Z. Amidou Ouedraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Malaria in pregnancy remains a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Identifying risk factors for malaria in pregnancy could assist in developing interventions to reduce the risk of malaria in Burkina Faso and other countries in the region. Methods Two cross-sectional surveys were carried out to measure Plasmodium falciparum infection using microscopy in pregnant women in Saponé Health District, central Burkina Faso. Data were collected on individual, household and environmental variables and their association with P. falciparum infection assessed using multivariable analysis. Results A total of 356 pregnant women were enrolled in the surveys, 174 during the dry season and 182 during the wet season. The mean number of doses of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy (IPTp-SP) was 0.4 doses during the first trimester, 1.1 doses at the second and 2.3 doses at the third. Overall prevalence of P. falciparum infection by microscopy was 15.7%; 17.8% in the dry season and 13.7% in the wet season. 88.2% of pregnant women reported sleeping under an insecticide-treated net (ITN) on the previous night. The odds of P. falciparum infection was 65% lower in women who reported using an ITN compared to those that did not use an ITN (Odds ratio, OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.14–0.86, p = 0.02). IPTp-SP was also associated with reduced P. falciparum infection, with each additional dose of IPTp-SP reducing the odds of infection by 44% (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.39–0.79, p = 0.001). Literate women had a 2.54 times higher odds of P. falciparum infection compared to illiterate women (95% CI 1.31–4.91, p = 0.006). Conclusions The prevalence of P. falciparum infection among pregnant women remains high in Burkina Faso, although use of IPTp-SP and ITNs were found to reduce the odds of infection. Despite this, compliance with IPTp-SP remains far from that recommended by the National Malaria Control Programme and World Health Organization. Behaviour change communication should be strengthened to encourage compliance with protective malaria control tools during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Plasmodium Falciparum Infection in Pregnant Women in Burkina Faso: A Community-Based Malaria Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Baptiste Yaro ◽  
Alphonse Ouedraogo ◽  
Amidou Diarra ◽  
Salif Sombié ◽  
Z Amidou Ouedraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Malaria in pregnancy remains a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Identifying risk factors for malaria in pregnancy could assist in developing interventions to reduce the risk of malaria in Burkina Faso and other countries in the region.Methodology: Two cross-sectional surveys were carried out to measure Plasmodium falciparum infection using microscopy in pregnant women in Saponé Health District, central Burkina Faso. Data were collected on individual, household and environmental variables and their association with P. falciparum infection assessed using multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 356 pregnant women were enrolled in the surveys, 174 during the dry season and 182 during the wet season. The mean number of doses of sulphadoxine pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy (IPTp-SP) was 0.4 doses during the first trimester, 1.1 doses at the second and 2.3 doses at the third. Overall prevalence of P. falciparum infection by microscopy was 15.7%; 17.8% in the dry season and 13.7% in the wet season. 88.2% of pregnant women reported sleeping under an insecticide-treated net on the previous night. P. falciparum infection risk in pregnancy was reduced in those women who reported using an ITN (Odds ratio, OR=0.31, 95% CI 0.12-0.79, p=0.02) and an increasing number of IPTp-SP doses during pregnancy, with each additional dose reducing the odds by 40% (OR=0.59, 95% CI 0.43–0.81, p<0.001). ConclusionThe prevalence of P. falciparum infection among pregnant women remains high in Burkina Faso although use of IPTp-SP and ITNs were found to reduce the odds of infection. Despite this, compliance with IPTp remains far from that recommended by the National Malaria Control Programme and World Health Organization. Behaviour change communication should be improved to encourage compliance with protective malaria control tools during pregnancy.

Asymptomatic malaria and anemia among pregnant women during high and low malaria transmission seasons in Burkina Faso: household-based cross-sectional surveys in Burkina Faso, 2013–2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toussaint Rouamba ◽  
Sékou Samadoulougou ◽  
Mady Ouédraogo ◽  
Hervé Hien ◽  
Halidou Tinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transmission Season ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriage ◽  
Low Malaria Transmission ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Malaria in endemic countries is often asymptomatic during pregnancy, but it has substantial consequences for both the mother and her unborn baby. In Burkina Faso, the prevalence and risk factors of asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy and its main consequence, anemia, during high and low malaria transmission seasons is underexplored at the household level.Methods: Data of 1751 pregnant women from October 2013 to March 2014 and 1931 pregnant women from April 2017 to June 2017 were drawn from two cross-sectional household surveys conducted in 24 health districts of Burkina Faso. Pregnant women were tested for malaria in their household after consenting. Asymptomatic carriage was defined as a positive result from malaria rapid diagnostic tests in the absence of malaria symptoms. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level less than 11 g/dL.Results: Prevalence of asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy was estimated at 23.9% (95%CI: 20.2–28.0) during the high transmission season (October–November) in 2013. During the low transmission season, it was 12.7% (95%CI: 10.9–14.7) between December and March in 2013–2014 and halved (6.4%; 95%CI: 5.3–7.6) between April and June 2017. Anemia prevalence was estimated at 43.7% (95%CI: 39.3–48.3) during the high transmission season in 2013. During the low transmission season, it was 32.7% (95%CI: 30.1–35.5) between December and March 2013–2014 and 46.6% (95%CI: 44.3–48.9) between April and June, 2017.Conclusion: Prevalence of asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy was significantly higher during the high malaria transmission season while anemia prevalence was lower. Our study provides an opportunity to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic carriage and one of its main consequences, anemia, among pregnant women at the community level throughout the year. In order to mitigate the harmful effects of asymptomatic carriage for both the mother and fetus, health programs aimed at increasing the number of women coming into contact with health workers are necessary.

scholarly journals Plasmodium falciparum malaria during pregnancy: the impact of parasitaemia and anaemia on birthweight

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawood Ackom Abass ◽  
Abdul-Hakim Mutala ◽  
Christian Kwasi Owusu ◽  
Bernard Walter Lartekwei Lawson ◽  
Kingsley Badu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Malaria in pregnancy remains a major problem of public health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa due to its endemicity and the diverse consequences on both the mother and the baby. Much attention, therefore, is needed to fully understand the epidemiology of the disease and to mitigate the devastating outcomes. The present study aimed at investigating malaria in pregnancy, its adverse effects on pregnant women and the impact on birthweight of babies. A total of 222 pregnant women gave their consent and were recruited into the study during their routine Antenatal care visits. This study employed a combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort study designs. For 122 women in the cross-sectional arm, blood samples and data were obtained once, whilst 100 women in the longitudinal cohort arm were followed up from recruitment until delivery. Demographic information, obstetric history and risk factors were obtained by administering questionnaires. About 1.0 ml of venous blood was drawn to determine malaria parasitaemia and anaemia status of the participants. The birthweights of the babies were also taken at delivery. The prevalence of malaria and anaemia was 19.8% and 27.0% respectively at registration for all 222 participants. All infections were P. falciparum malaria. One hundred and forty-six (65.8%) of participants had ITN but only 72 (32.4%) used it the previous night. Young age and rural settings were risk factors for malaria. Young age and malaria positive pregnant women had increased risk of anaemia. In the follow-up group which ended with 54 participants, the overall prevalence of malaria and anaemia were 18.7% and 32.4% respectively. Fifty-two (96.3%) of pregnant women attended ANC ≥ 4 times and 55.6% took ≥ 3 doses of SP. There were two cases of miscarriage. Low birthweight occurred in 5.6% of babies. Both malaria and anaemia during pregnancy had no significant impact on birthweight of the babies. Although few of the babies had low birthweight, this number can be further reduced when pregnant women attend ANC and take SP at the recommended number of times.

scholarly journals Risk of Plasmodium falciparum infection in south-west Burkina Faso - potential impact of expanding eligibility for seasonal malaria chemoprevention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L Wilson ◽  
Steve W Lindsay ◽  
Alfred Tiono ◽  
Jean Baptiste Yaro ◽  
Hilary Ranson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
South West ◽  
Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Burkina Faso has one of the highest malaria burdens in sub-Saharan Africa despite the mass deployment of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and use of seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in children aged up to 5 years. Identification of risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum infection in rural Burkina Faso could help to identify and target malaria control measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 1,199 children and adults was conducted during the peak malaria transmission season in south-west Burkina Faso in 2017. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for microscopically confirmed P. falciparum infection. A malaria transmission dynamic model was used to determine the impact on malaria cases averted of administering SMC to children aged 5–15 year old. Results P. falciparum prevalence was 32.8% in the study population. Children aged 5 to < 10 years old were at 3.74 times the odds (95% CI = 2.68–5.22, p < 0.001) and children aged 10 to 15 years old at 3.14 times the odds (95% CI = 1.20–8.21, p = 0.02) of P. falciparum infection compared to children aged less than 5 years old. Administration of SMC to children aged up to 10 years is predicted to avert an additional 57 malaria cases per 1000 population per year (9.4% reduction) and administration to children aged up to 15 years would avert an additional 89 malaria cases per 1000 population per year (14.6% reduction) in the Cascades Region, assuming coverage of pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide ITNs. Conclusion Malaria infections were high in all age strata, although highest in children aged 5 to 15 years, despite roll out of core malaria control interventions. Given the burden of infection in school-age children, extension of the eligibility criteria for SMC could help reduce the burden of malaria in Burkina Faso and other countries in the region.

scholarly journals Antigen persistence of rapid diagnostic tests in pregnant women in Nanoro, Burkina Faso, and the implications for the diagnosis of malaria in pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna H. Kattenberg ◽  
Christian M. Tahita ◽  
Inge A. J. Versteeg ◽  
Halidou Tinto ◽  
Maminata Traoré-Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Antigen Persistence ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Anemia in Pregnancy in Cascades Region in Burkina Faso

2015 ◽  
pp. 663-664
Author(s):  
Ilboudo Bernard ◽  
Savadogo G. Léon Blaise ◽  
Kinda Maurice ◽  
Guiguemde T. Robert ◽  
Dramaix-wilmet Michèle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objectives: To analyze the factors associated with anemia in pregnancy in the Cascades region in Burkina Faso. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in antenatal clinics of the Cascades region in Burkina Faso during one month from May to June 2012. We collected data on socio-demographics and health characteristics of pregnant women attending these clinics. Hemoglobin was measured to assess anemia. Factors associated with anemia were identified through a multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 1763 pregnant women, irrespectively of pregnancy stage, were enrolled. The mean (SD) hemoglobin level was 10.6 (1.4) g/dl. The prevalence of anemia in pregnancy was 58.9%, 3.2% of them being severe. Factors associated with anemia were the absence of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria with sulfadoxin-pyrimetamin (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.7), number of pregnancies >6 (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.9). Moderate consumption of local alcohol extracted from Palmyra was associated with a lower prevalence of anemia (OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5-0.9). Surprisingly, anemia was not associated with supplementation with folic acid + iron (p = 0.60). Conclusions: Interventions which aim to reduce the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in Burkina Faso should improve the coverage of the intermittent preventive treatment of malaria and support the limitation of births.

scholarly journals Malaria Detection using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Method in Pregnant Women’s Saliva on Several Hospitals in North Sulawesi Province

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewanto Khrisnamurti
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective: To detect malaria by PCR examination of saliva in pregnant women and to obtain the incidence of malaria and the type of plasmodium causing malaria in pregnant women at various hospital in North Sulawesi. Method: A descriptive cross sectional study in pregnant women during antenatal care at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine University of Sam Ratulangi/Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou General Hospital in Manado, R.W. Monginsidi Hospital in Manado, Bethesda Hospital in Tomohon, and Datoe Binangkang Hospital in Kotamobagu, from 1 April until 31 May 2008. Result: There were 43 pregnant women clinically diagnosed with malaria, 23 (53.49%) by PCR examination of saliva and 20 (46.59%) by blood smears. From 23 cases of malaria in pregnancy detected by PCR, there were 18 diagnosed as tropical malaria, 3 tertian malaria, and 2 mixed malaria. Conclusions: The incidence of malaria in pregnancy at various hospital in North Sulawesi using PCR methods for saliva examination from April 1 - May 31 2008 is 53.49%. In this study malaria are mostly caused by Plasmodium falciparum with the largest incidence in primigravida, in the first trimester. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-1:14-9] Keywords: malaria, PCR, pregnancy, saliva

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF PLACENTAL INFECTION WITH PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM DETECTED BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN WOMEN AFTER DELIVERED OUAGADOUGOU (BURKINA FASO)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (09) ◽  
pp. 132-141
Author(s):  
Sawadogo Haffsatou ◽  
◽  
Zida Adama ◽  
Zongo Cheikna ◽  
Soulama Issiaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Placental Malaria ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
The Status ◽  
The City ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background:Malaria is known to have a negative impact on pregnant women and their foetuses. This infection during pregnancy represents a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factor of Plasmodium falciparum in pregnant women the city of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2019 to March 2020 in four health districts within Ouagadougou, capital city. Samples were collected from the placenta from 531 women after delivered Plasmodium falciparum then by PCR. Results: The prevalence placental malaria with of Plasmodium falciparum was estimated at 7.53%. The status of unemployment and/ or the status of residence around the city of Ouagadougou represent risk of malaria infection. Conclusion:Malaria in pregnancy is responsible for several complications so emphasis should be placed on communication about malaria control in pregnancy and, the behavior of pregnant women and health workers as well.

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