scholarly journals The splicing-factor Prp40 affects dynein–dynactin function in Aspergillus nidulans

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1289-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongde Qiu ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Xin Xiang

We performed a genomewide mutant screen for genes affecting dynein-mediated early-endosome distribution in Aspergillus nidulans, and we unexpectedly identified Prp40A, a homologue of the yeast splicing factor Prp40. Prp40A and its higher eukaryotic homologues may represent new factors affecting the assembly and function of dynein-dynactin.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Mariangela Dionysopoulou ◽  
George Diallinas

Recent biochemical and biophysical evidence have established that membrane lipids, namely phospholipids, sphingolipids and sterols, are critical for the function of eukaryotic plasma membrane transporters. Here, we study the effect of selected membrane lipid biosynthesis mutations and of the ergosterol-related antifungal itraconazole on the subcellular localization, stability and transport kinetics of two well-studied purine transporters, UapA and AzgA, in Aspergillus nidulans. We show that genetic reduction in biosynthesis of ergosterol, sphingolipids or phosphoinositides arrest A. nidulans growth after germling formation, but solely blocks in early steps of ergosterol (Erg11) or sphingolipid (BasA) synthesis have a negative effect on plasma membrane (PM) localization and stability of transporters before growth arrest. Surprisingly, the fraction of UapA or AzgA that reaches the PM in lipid biosynthesis mutants is shown to conserve normal apparent transport kinetics. We further show that turnover of UapA, which is the transporter mostly sensitive to membrane lipid content modification, occurs during its trafficking and by enhanced endocytosis, and is partly dependent on autophagy and Hect-type HulARsp5 ubiquitination. Our results point out that the role of specific membrane lipids on transporter biogenesis and function in vivo is complex, combinatorial and transporter-dependent.


<i>Abstract</i> .—Here we summarize presentations given at the theme session “Structure and Function of the Gulf of Maine System” of the 2009 Gulf of Maine Symposium— Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of the Gulf, covering a broad spectrum of multidisciplinary research underway in one of the world’s most intensively studied marine systems. Our objective was to attempt a synthesis of the current ecological and oceanographic understanding of the Gulf of Maine and, in particular, to document progress in these areas since the 1996 Gulf of Maine Ecosystem Dynamics Symposium more than a decade earlier. Presentations at the session covered issues ranging from habitat structure and function, biodiversity, population structure, trophic ecology, the intersection of the biological, chemical and physical oceanography of the region, and the dynamics of economically important species. Important strides in characterizing the broader dimensions of biodiversity in the region, the establishment of new sampling programs and the availability of new sensor arrays, and the renewed emphasis synthesis and integration to meet the emerging needs for ecosystem-based management in the gulf have all contributed to a deepened appreciation of its dynamical structure. The critical importance of the ecosystem goods and services provided by the gulf, and the factors affecting the sustainable delivery of these services, was clearly demonstrated in the course of the session. The papers presented at the session made it clear how far we have come and how far we need to go to ensure the sustainable delivery of these services into the future.


2011 ◽  
Vol 193 (7) ◽  
pp. 1245-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Xuanli Yao ◽  
Lauren Fischer ◽  
Juan F. Abenza ◽  
Miguel A. Peñalva ◽  
...  

Cytoplasmic dynein transports various cellular cargoes including early endosomes, but how dynein is linked to early endosomes is unclear. We find that the Aspergillus nidulans orthologue of the p25 subunit of dynactin is critical for dynein-mediated early endosome movement but not for dynein-mediated nuclear distribution. In the absence of NUDF/LIS1, p25 deletion abolished the localization of dynein–dynactin to the hyphal tip where early endosomes abnormally accumulate but did not prevent dynein–dynactin localization to microtubule plus ends. Within the dynactin complex, p25 locates at the pointed end of the Arp1 filament with Arp11 and p62, and our data suggest that Arp11 but not p62 is important for p25–dynactin association. Loss of either Arp1 or p25 significantly weakened the physical interaction between dynein and early endosomes, although loss of p25 did not apparently affect the integrity of the Arp1 filament. These results indicate that p25, in conjunction with the rest of the dynactin complex, is important for dynein–early endosome interaction.


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rajeswari ◽  
R. Magesh

Liberalization of the Indian organizational environment through modification in the industrial, trade and financial policies by the government has brought in change and competition of a magnitude that was previously unknown to Indian business. In the present scenario, where multinationals and other global players are competing in the domestic market with the monopoly players, the management of organizations is expected to be more productive and efficient for survival in India. More than a decade ago, the western countries faced similar conditions. A flow of changing organizational structures and changing expectations has forced various departments of the organization to alter their perspectives on their role and function overnight. In this context, it would be important to identify the factors in the organizational environment that have the most positive as well as negative impact on their performance in the organization in order to facilitate the positive and impede negative factors at job setting. Hence, the present research was undertaken to find out, how occupational stress and human resource practices can contribute to psychological well-being among employees of I.T companies.The main factors affecting the job satisfaction of the I.T. employees are based on Age, Gender, Educational qualification, Marital status, Experience, Salary, Nature of employment. The data collected will be analyzed with the usage of the statistical tools like one way ANOVA, factor analysis and independent t- test. The major findings are reported at the completion of the project work and on the basis of the study, suitable suggestions will be given to the company.


Author(s):  
Leena Hamberg ◽  
Timo Saksa ◽  
Jarkko Hantula

Abstract A decay fungus, Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers. Ex Fr.) Pouzar, has been investigated in Europe, Northern America and New Zealand for its ability to decay hardwood stumps and thus prevent sprouting. The aim of these investigations has been to find an alternative to mechanical (cutting only) and chemical sprout control (cutting and applying chemicals to stumps in order to prevent sprouting). Mechanical sprout control is not an efficient option due to hardwood tree species’ ability to re-sprout efficiently after cutting, and therefore management costs are high. Chemicals would be efficient but due to their harmful effects on the environment, alternatives are needed. The fungal treatment, i.e., cutting accompanied with C. purpureum inoculum is an environmentally friendly and efficient option for sprout control. This mini-review comprises the role and function of C. purpureum in biocontrol of trees: the ecology of C. purpureum, its sprout control efficacy, factors affecting sprout control efficacy, devices in biological sprout control, potential risks, and the future perspectives of biological sprout control. Key points • A fungus Chondrostereum purpureum is efficient in preventing sprouting of hardwoods • C. purpureum is not sensitive to environmental conditions • Devices should be developed for cost-efficient biological sprout control


Neuroglia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Colombo

This review aims to highlight the various significant matters in glial research stemming from personal work by the author and associates at the Unit of Applied Neurobiology (UNA, CEMIC-CONICET), and some of the pending questions. A reassessment and further comments on interlaminar astrocytes—an astroglial cell type that is specific to humans and other non-human primates, and is not found in rodents, is presented. Tentative hypothesis regarding their function and future possible research lines that could contribute to further the analysis of their development and possible role(s), are suggested. The possibility that they function as a separate entity from the “territorial” astrocytes, is also considered. In addition, the potential significance of our observations on interspecies differences in in vitro glial cell dye coupling, on glial diffusible factors affecting the induction of this glial phenotype, and on their interference with the cellular toxic effects of cerebrospinal fluid obtained from l-DOPA treated patients with Parkinson´s disease, is also considered. The major differences oberved in the cerebral cortex glial layout between human and rodents—the main model for studying glial function and pathology—calls for a careful assessment of known and potential species differences in all aspects of glial cell biology. This is essential to provide a better understanding of the organization and function of human and non-human primate brain, and of the neurobiological basis of their behavior.


Reproduction ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. EWING ◽  
N. L. VANDEMARK

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