Cross-Cultural Competence as a 21st Century Skill

Author(s):  
Jennifer Klafehn

Cross-cultural competence (3C) is one 21st century skill that employers have deemed important for employees to develop prior to entering the workforce. Despite the relevance of 3C to pre-professional populations, however, research in this area has primarily focused on the influence of 3C as it pertains to professional populations, such as expatriates and the military, for whom cross-cultural performance plays a critical role. Similarly, research exploring the development of 3C has been directed almost exclusively toward validating the effectiveness of interventions, many of which are implemented only after individuals are hired. The aim of this chapter is to address this gap in the cross-cultural literature by exploring how 3C may be developed in individuals prior to their entering the workforce. This chapter presents four 3C-relevant skills and discusses how the development of these skills may be facilitated in children and adolescents via activities or strategies that are readily incorporated into classroom curricula.

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Culhane ◽  
Patrice Reid ◽  
Loring J. Crepeau ◽  
Daniel McDonald

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Thornson ◽  
Barbara A. Fritzsche ◽  
Huy Le ◽  
Karol G. Ross ◽  
Daniel P. McDonald

Epohi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Yordanov ◽  
◽  
◽  

The main problem, discussed in the article, is the place the chief takes in the potestary-political system of the so-called chiefdom and the so-called early state. The starting point is the conception that the chief¬tain institution is a polyvariant phenomenon. The data of the cross-cultural analysis of the problem concerning the chieftain institution of the late tribal epoch, the epochs of politogenesis and of the early state, respectively, outline comparatively distinctly several categories of chiefs: firstly, the sacralized institution of the chiefs of the separate segments of the clans, delocalized in communities, i. e. the leaders of the separate structural sections of these tribal organization, still consisting of clans, organized on the principle of the classification kinship; secondly, the chiefs who were connected with the leadership in the primary age-set system, and thirdly, the category of chiefs, designated with the ethnological term bigman. It was on the basis of these three categories of chiefs on which the chieftain institutions of the epoch of politogenesis are formed, building the supreme sections of the potestary-political system of the so-called chiefdom: the category of the hereditary sacralized chief-(priest), the category of the military chiefs (which is their most general qualification), and the category of the so-called bigmen. It is the figures of these three categories of chiefs that stand out strongly in the pote¬stary-political system of the epoch of the politogenesis and determine their definition as chiefdom. Undoubtedly, the good knowledge of the chieftain institution with its categories will be of great help to the study of genesis of the monocratic institution. In the current research the attention is focused on a limited number of questions – the “class of the chiefs”, the supreme chieftain colleges and the binary chieftain institution, the paramount chief.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Saud De Bortoli ◽  
Eufemia Jacob ◽  
Thaíla Corrêa Castral ◽  
Cláudia Benedita dos Santos ◽  
Ananda Maria Fernandes ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the steps in the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Adolescent Pediatric Pain Tool, a pain assessment measure, for use with Brazilian children and adolescents with cancer. Method: a methodological and cross-sectional study was undertaken. The steps in the cross-cultural adaptation process of the tool that resulted in the semantic validation followed an adapted method, including: initial translation, consensus version of translations, evaluation by Expert Committee, back-translation, comparison with original tool and actual semantic validation. Results: the initial translation process of the tool until the final consensus was reached took approximately four months. In the evaluation by the Expert Committee, three health professionals participated in the study, who were knowledgeable on the theme and mastered the English language. In the semantic validation, 35 children and adolescents aged between eight and 18 unfinished years participated, who were patients at the institution where children and adolescents with cancer were treated and monitored. After concluding all steps, the researchers met to discuss the proposed changes. At the end of the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Adolescent Pediatric Pain Tool, all initially proposed 67 pain descriptors were maintained in their Portuguese version. Conclusion: the steps in the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Adolescent Pediatric Pain Tool were executed and described in detail, evidencing the rigorous development of the study.


2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 09002
Author(s):  
Marina Bluvshtein ◽  
Filipp Filatov ◽  
Makoto Kajino ◽  
Antoine Jackson

The article examines the applicability of an Adlerian view of suicide as sabotaged social interest to clients in a contemporary multicultural context. The approach examined here also focuses on common human factors in suicide and common useful approaches to working with people and communities affected by suicide. AdlerТs theory of suicide as sabotaged social interest was conceived and developed in the early 20th century, during a time of global political crises, economic chaos, and social unsettledness. Sadly, this makes this theory particularly applicable to the first two decades of the 21st century as well.


2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Т.В. Юрьева ◽  
В.А. Михайлова

В статье раскрывается проблема формирования кросс-культурной компетентности иностранных учащихся на занятиях по русскому языку как иностранному. Авторы расшифровывают понятие кросс-культурной компетентности, эффективности коммуникации и выделяют факторы и условия их формирования. Отмечается, что каждая культура обладает своей собственной поликодовой системой, расшифровка которой зависит от кросс-культурной компетенции коммуникантов. Выделяются основные признаки кросс-культурной компетенции, которыми являются эмпатия и толерантность, лежащие в основе любого эффективного межкультурного общения, наличие знаний об иной культуре, помогающих правильно интерпретировать коммуникативное поведение представителей другой культуры и готовность к процессу кросс-культурной коммуникации с опорой на накопленный коммуникативный опыт в сфере кросс-культурных контактов. Демонстрируются практические приёмы и методы достижения позитивных результатов. Помимо информации о фонетической, грамматической, лексической системах русского языка, иностранные слушатели должны получить знания об иной, в данном случае русской культуре, помогающие правильно интерпретировать коммуникативное поведение её представителей. Работа в этом направлении проводится уже с первых уроков русского языка, даже на этапе вводно-фонетического курса, и систематически продолжается на всём этапе довузовской подготовки. Авторы приходят к выводу, что в процессе работы с иностранными слушателями Ярославской ГСХА на подготовительном отделении используются различные формы работы в кросс-культурном поле, дающие положительный результат. Завершающий проект (встреча со студентами направления «Журналистика» ЯГПУ им. К.Д. Ушинского) воочию продемонстрировал эффективность используемых методов. Активное использование кросс-культурных коммуникаций ведёт к ускорению и облегчению процесса социокультурной адаптации обучающихся, что в итоге приводит к более высокой эффективности обучения иностранных студентов в условиях русской языковой среды. The article reveals the formation problem of foreign students’ cross-cultural competence in classes in the Russian language as a foreign language. The authors decipher the concept of cross-cultural competence, communication efficiency and distinguish factors and conditions for their formation. It is noted that each culture has its own multicode system, the decoding of which depends on the cross-cultural competence of communicants. The main features of cross-cultural competence are empathy and tolerance which are the basis of any effective cross-cultural communication, the presence of knowledge about a different culture that helps to correctly interpret the communicative behavior of another culture representatives and the readiness for the process of cross-cultural communication based on the accumulated communicative experience in the field of cross-cultural contacts. Practical techniques and methods of achieving positive results are demonstrated. Besides information about the phonetic, grammatical, lexical systems of the Russian language, foreign listeners should gain knowledge of a different in this case Russian culture helping to correctly interpret the communications behavior of its representatives. Work in this direction is carried out already from the first lessons of the Russian language, even at the stage of the introductory phonetic course and systematically continues at the entire stage of pre-university tutorial. The authors conclude that in the process of working with foreign students of the Yaroslavl SAA various forms of work in the cross-cultural field are used at the preparatory department giving a positive result. The final project (a meeting with students of the Journalism direction of YSPU named after K.D. Ushinsky) personally demonstrated the effectiveness of the methods used. The active use of cross-cultural communications leads to the acceleration and facilitation of the process of students’ socio-cultural adaptation which ultimately leads to a higher efficiency of teaching foreign students in the Russian language environment.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0212730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystian Barzykowski ◽  
Anna Majda ◽  
Paweł Przyłęcki ◽  
Małgorzata Szkup

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