Indigenous Movements in Latin America

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Becker ◽  
Richard Stahler-Sholk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Indigenous Movements ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
The Public ◽  
Living Well ◽  
Public Consciousness

Political developments in Latin America have driven academic interest in Indigenous movements. This phenomenon emerged most clearly in the aftermath of massive uprisings that led to a flood of publications framed as “the return of the Indian” to the public consciousness. Much of our understanding of the history and trajectory of social movement organizing is a result of publications in response to these protests. Contemporary political concerns continue to inform much of the cutting-edge research on Indigenous movements. These issues include relations between social movements and elected officials (often framed as debates over horizontalism versus authoritarianism) and whether the extraction of natural resources can lead to economic development, including intense discussions over neoextractivism and the sumak kawsay, the Quechua term for living well (with equivalent phrases in other Indigenous languages, often translated in Spanish as buen vivir).

scholarly journals A reviravolta dos sentidos e das coisas: um movimento Guarani - Mbyá em busca de escolarização indígena

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Bastos Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Intercultural Education ◽  
Indigenous Movements ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Indigenous Schooling ◽  
The Invisible

Resumo: O movimento institucional indígena tem ganhado variadas expressões desde sua criação nos anos 1980, período de abertura política no Brasil. Este artigo analisa uma dessas expressões. Analisa-se a busca da escolarização indígena pelo movimento social Guarani, criado por dois irmãos na década de 1990, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Grande parte das sociedades Guarani são oriundas do Paraguai, Bolívia, Uruguai e Argentina, cujas famílias mantêm uma circulação não fixa por todos esses territórios. A noção de escolarização é atravessada por ritos, seres cósmicos e lógicas sensíveis que desconstroem os sentidos puramente racionais dos modelos de educação indígena que têm povoado a América Latina. Conclui-se que há um mundo invisível e cosmológico que subsume os processos de escolarização e o movimento popular indígena. Os mundos invisíveis são, portanto, condições essenciais e indivisíveis ao entendimento de política, organização e humanidade Guarani.Palavras-Chave: Educação Indígena. Movimento Social Guarani. Cosmologia. THE REVOLUTION OF SENSES AND THINGS: A GUARANI - MBYÁ MOVEMENT IN SEARCH OF INDIGENOUS SCHOOLING Abstract: The indigenous institutional movement has gained varied expressions since its creation in the 1980s, a period of political beginning in Brazil. This paper studies one of these expressions. This study analyzes the search for indigenous schooling based on the popular Guarani movement, created by two brothers in the 1990s in the state of Rio de Janeiro / Brazil. The most Guarani societies came from Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay and Argentina, where families maintained a non-fixed circulation for all these territories. The notion of schooling is crossed by rites, cosmic beings and sensible logics that deconstruct the purely rational meanings of the models of intercultural education that have populated Latin America. It’s possible to conclude that there is an entire invisible and cosmological world, which subsumes the processes of schooling and the indigenous movements. The invisible worlds are, therefore, essential and its indivisible conditions are mandatory to the understanding of Guarani politics, organization and humanity.Keywords: Indigenous Education. Guarani Social Movement. Cosmology.

Development Planning and the Public Enterprise: The Case of Pemex

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Street
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Austerity

Public enterprise plays a key role in the economic development process in Latin America, both because of the region's cultural heritage, which has led people to look to central authority for leadership in promoting economic growth, and because of the accelerated pace of recent cataclysmic events to which only governments have had the power to respond.Currently, Latin America is undergoing its worst economic setback in half a century, in which eight newly-elected democratic governments are struggling to regain control over their destinies. These governments face unprecedented planning and administrative problems as they move from the crisis-management phase of economic austerity programs to one of resumed growth. A central concern of these governments is, and will continue to be, the successful operations of major parastatal enterprises.

scholarly journals Semillas y caminos para la educación latinoamericana en tiempos de incertidumbre

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Carlos Crespo Burgos
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Living Well ◽  
Good Living ◽  
Sumak Kawsay ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Educational Movements

En América Latina vivimos un quiebre en las tendencias de los procesos políticos y sociales de cambio que venían desenvolviéndose en la primera década y media del presente siglo. En este contexto de incertidumbre, las sociedades se encuentran en la encrucijada ante las vías posibles que se abren a la educación: ¿igualdad, inclusión o competitividad para el mercado? Este artículo pasa revista por algunas importantes resignifi caciones planteadas a la educación en las últimas décadas por diversos movimientos sociales y educativos en América Latina, en el escenario de transformaciones sociales y políticas en que algunos Estados contribuyeron a la revitalización de la educación pública como un derecho humano. Nuevas generaciones exigen la educación como derecho y no quieren más educación como lucro. Pueblos indígenas proponen otros sentidos de la educación dentro del paradigma del Buen Vivir (Sumak Kawsay) o Vivir Bien (Suma Qamaña), buscan posicionar un nuevo signifi cado de la vida, en el horizonte de una nueva espiritualidad y convivencia. Estas alternativas ofrecen señales de posibles caminos frente al oscurecimiento humano que presenciamos actualmente.Palabras clave: Sentidos de la educación. Alternativas al desarrollo. Pertinencia cultural. Sementes e estradas para a educação latino-americana em tempos de incertezaRESUMONa América Latina vivemos uma ruptura nas tendências dos processos políticos e sociais de mudança que se desdobraram na primeira década e meia deste século. Nesse contexto de incerteza, as sociedades estão na encruzilhada diante de possíveis caminhos abertos à educação: igualdade, inclusão ou competitividade para o mercado? Este artigo analisa algumas ressignificações importantes da educação nas últimas décadas por diversos movimentos sociais e educacionais da América Latina, no cenário de transformações sociais e políticas em que alguns Estados contribuíram para a revitalização da educação pública como direito humano. As novas gerações exigem educação como um direito e não querem mais educação como lucro. Os povos indígenas propõem outras formas de educação dentro do paradigma do bem viver (Sumak Kawsay) ou segundo Living Well (Suma Qamaña) buscar um novo sentido da vida, no horizonte de uma nova espiritualidade e convívio. Essas alternativas oferecem sinais de possíveis caminhos contrários ao obscurecimento humano que estamos testemunhando atualmente.Palavras-chave: Sentidos da educação. Alternativas ao desenvolvimento. Relevância cultural. Seeds and roads for Latin American education in times of uncertaintyABSTRACTIn Latin America we have lived a break in the trends of the political and social processes of change that had been unfolding in the fi rst decade and a half of this century. In this context of uncertainty, societies are at the crossroads before the possible paths open to education: equality, inclusion or competitiveness for the market? This article reviews some important resignifi cations of education in recent decades by various social and educational movements in Latin America, in the scenario of social and political transformations where some States contributed to the revitalization of public education as a human right. New generations demand education as a right, they do not want more education as a profi t. Indigenous peoples propose other meanings of education within the paradigm of Good Living (Sumak Kawsay) or Living Well (Suma Qamaña), seeking to position a new meaning of life, on the horizon of a new spirituality and coexistence. These alternatives off er signs of possible paths against the human obscuration that we are witnessing today.Keywords: Senses of education. Alternatives to development. Cultural relevance.

Social Movement Campaigns: Mobilization and Outcomes in the Montreal Women's Movement Community

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Staggenborg ◽  
Josée Lecomte
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Agenda ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Movement Organizations

Social movement campaigns help create the networks and collective identities needed to build social movement communities, which in turn support subsequent collective campaigns. This article examines the interactions between movement communities and campaigns using the case of the 2000 World March of Women in Montreal. We find that movement community resources and networks, mobilized by leaders in stable movement organizations and institutions, support campaigns. Centralization, diversity, and size of movement communities affect campaign mobilization. Movement campaigns alter movement communities by creating bonds that form the basis for subsequent campaigns and by keeping movement communities politicized. Prior campaigns generate public consciousness, put issues on the public agenda, create new frames and discourse, forge connections to new constituents, and leave behind new networks, coalition organizations, leaders, and activists. Our research contributes to an understanding of the connections between the submerged networks of social movement communities and the contentious politics of movement campaigns.

The Buen vivir Postdevelopmentalist Paradigm under Ecuador’s Citizens’ Revolution Governments (2007–2017): An Appraisal

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110049
Author(s):  
Patricio Carpio Benalcázar ◽  
Francisco Javier Ullán de la Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Good Living ◽  
America Latina

Buen vivir (good living) is an alternative postcapitalist and postdevelopmentalist paradigm born in Latin America whose concepts were incorporated into the 2008 Ecuadorian Constitution. An appraisal of the divergence between the paradigm, its legal projection, and the public policies undertaken by the so-called Citizens’ Revolution governments (2007–2017) under President Rafael Correa concludes that the structural transformations in the economic, political, social, and cultural realms envisaged by the buen vivir paradigm never took place. What Ecuadorian governments implemented during the decade was actually a capitalist neo-developmentalist scheme with some social-welfare policies of a social-democratic nature. El “buen vivir” es un paradigma postcapitalista y postdesarrollodista alternativo nacido en América Latina cuyos conceptos fueron incorporados a la Constitución ecuatoriana del 2008. Un análisis de la divergencia entre el paradigma, su proyección legal y las políticas públicas emprendidas por los llamados gobiernos de la Revolución Ciudadana (2007–2017) bajo el presidente Rafael Correa muestra que las transformaciones estructurales en los ámbitos económico, político, social y cultural previstas por el paradigma del buen vivir nunca se llevaron a cabo. Lo que implementaron los gobiernos ecuatorianos durante la década fue en realidad un esquema neo-desarrollista capitalista con algunas políticas de bienestar social de carácter socialdemócrata.

scholarly journals ROMANTIC TRENDS IN ARCHITECTURAL COMPETITION OF THE DON REGION OF THE LATE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
A. Obolenskiy ◽  
A. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Architectural Competitions ◽  
Construction Practice

The article is devoted to the study of architectural competition practice on the territory of the Don region during the heyday of romantic trends in Russian architecture of the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. This period was a time of rapid industrial and economic development of the cities of the Lower Don and the Sea of Azov, such as Rostov-on-don and Taganrog. A sharp increase in residents, their well-being and the expansion of the style of regional architecture contributed to the activation of construction. The examples of some of the competition entries are studied in the article. The problem of this research is to identify romantic trends in the regional architectural and construction practice of the Don region of the late XIX – early XX centuries, by analyzing the competitive proposals of architects. The authors propose a new approach to the problem of forming stylistic trends in the region, where an important role is played by the architectural competition as a platform for introducing popular stylistic ideas into the public consciousness. The studied issue of the manifestation of romanticism ideas in the regional competitive architectural and construction practice allows to conclude that romantic tendencies are in project proposals presented at architectural competitions of the Don region. There is a penetration of current and popular trends of romanticism in the regional architectural and construction practice.

Translation and Interpreting in the Indigenous Languages of Peru

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-147
Author(s):  
Raquel De Pedro Ricoy ◽  
Luis Andrade Ciudad
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The One

This chapter presents an overview of translation and interpreting between Spanish and the estimated 48 indigenous languages spoken in 21st-century Peru. After contextualizing the Peruvian case in a framework that outlines contemporary translation policies for indigenous languages in Latin America, it discusses the state-sponsored training for self-identified indigenous people in Peru as well as the regulated language service provision in the public sector, including justice, health, and prior consultation processes. In addition, it acknowledges the agency of untrained, mostly female, indigenous people who routinely facilitate exchanges between members of their communities, on the one hand, and monolingual Spanish civil servants and other members of society, on the other.

Intraregional Trade of the Least-Developed-Members of Latin American Integration Systems

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco E. Thoumi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Manufacturing Sectors ◽  
Manufactured Goods

Differences in the degree of economic development and diversification among members of economic integration systems could easily create obstacles to economic integration, as they tend to have an impact on the distribution of costs and benefits of economic integration processes.There are several reasons why the Least Developed Members (LDMs) within integration movements in Latin America are likely to be losers in the integration processes taking place within the region. First, the economies of these countries are less diversified than those of the more advanced countries. The LDMs have manufacturing sectors which are not well developed and which are concentrated in productive branches which process natural resources. When these countries join an integration movement with countries with more advanced and diversified manufacturing sectors, they would tend to import manufactured goods which are more protected than the natural-resource-based goods which they are likely to export.

Regional Policy in the Field of Natural Resources Management in the Far North

2003 ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
A. Bykov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Natural Resources Management ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Far North ◽  
The Russian Federation

According to the legal norms of the Russian Federation in the ownership, usage and disposal of natural resources the author analyses interaction between natural resources users and local authorities. The interaction is based upon ecological and economic factors, which cause the peculiarities of requirements put before natural resource users in the Far North. The strategic directions of resource saving economic development of these regions are considered.

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