Youth Resisting the Popular Curriculum of Gender and Sexuality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Sociology Of Education ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Oppositional Behaviors ◽  
Educational Spaces ◽  
Youth Resistance ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
Societal Expectations ◽  
Push And Pull

The concept of youth resistance has its roots in the field of sociology of education. Nevertheless, the concept has been taken up in fields such as economy, psychology, and anthropology and among other scholars who seek to understand education, schooling, and the ways in which young people experience everyday life. Although in its origins, resistance theory focused on oppositional behaviors of mostly white, cis, heterosexual young men, it has expanded to account for the ways in which minoritized communities (women, black, indigenous, people of color, LGBTQIA+, disabled, queer, and the multiple intersections of these identities) resist the oppression of mainstream society. In schools, the push and pull of youth resistance is constantly present. Schools have become a place for the maintenance and contestation of many societal expectations, including gendered and sexuality expectations. These societal expectations are taught and reinforced in schools through official or visible curriculum (i.e., the content that students learn in class) and through popular or invisible curriculum—everything else that is learned through interactions with peers, teachers, other adults on campus, and the cultural values they bring into the building with them. Educational spaces are very structured spaces, and youth who challenge norms and rules (even if they are unwritten) may face dire consequences. For that reason, the field scholars looking at LGBTQIA+ youth and resistance have argued that it is necessary to expand the field to look at not only youth culture but the ways in which this culture is performed in schools.

scholarly journals The Interlocking Processes Constraining the Struggle for Sanctuary in the Trump Era: The Case of La Puente, CA

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Gilda L. Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Status Quo ◽  
City Council ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Cautionary Tale ◽  
Community Members ◽  
White Supremacist ◽  
The Status ◽  
The City

By 10 January 2017, activists in the predominately Latina/o working class city of La Puente, California had lobbied the council to declare the city a sanctuary supporting immigrants, people of color, Muslims, LGBTQ people, and people with disabilities. The same community members urged the school district to declare itself a sanctuary. While community members rejoiced in pushing elected officials to pass these inclusive resolutions, there were multiple roadblocks reducing the potential for more substantive change. Drawing on city council and school board meetings, resolutions and my own involvement in this sanctuary struggle, I focus on a continuum of three overlapping and interlocking manifestations of white supremacist heteronormative patriarchy: neoliberal diversity discourses, institutionalized policies, and a re-emergence of high-profiled white supremacist activities. Together, these dynamics minimized, contained and absorbed community activism and possibilities of change. They reinforced the status quo by maintaining limits on who belongs and sustaining intersecting hierarchies of race, immigration status, gender, and sexuality. This extended case adds to the scant scholarship on the current sanctuary struggles, including among immigration scholars. It also illustrates how the state co-opts and marginalizes movement language, ideas, and people, providing a cautionary tale about the forces that restrict more transformative change.

Epidemics, racial anxiety and community formation: Chinese Americans in San Francisco

Urban History ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY FONG
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Race Relations ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Chinese Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Formation ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Mainstream Society

Immigration adaptation and race relations in the United States began receiving a great deal of scholarly attention early in the twentieth century, primarily in response to the arrival of large numbers of newcomers from eastern and southern Europe. The pre-eminent theory has been sociologist Robert Park's (1950) ‘race relations’ cycle, which posits that immigrants and racial minorities initially clashed with natives over cultural values and norms, but over time, adapt and are eventually absorbed into the mainstream society. This four-part cycle of contact, competition, accommodation and assimilation, according to Park, is ‘progressive and irreversible’. Unlike European Americans, however, the Chinese American experience in the United States has never been a consistent trajectory toward progressive and irreversible acceptance and assimilation.

The Gong Culture of the Manobo of Southern Philippines: A Way Forward to Multi-Cultural Understanding

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Sumagang Tejero
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Cultural Education ◽  
Alternative Learning ◽  
Cultural Understanding ◽  
Modest Contribution ◽  
Theatre Production ◽  
Mainstream Society

How a scientific discovery of a gong culture that is still practiced to this day from the Manobo of Cotabato, Philippines was translated to mainstream society was the purpose of this study. This study utilized a translation continuum framework: 1) knowledge discovery; 2) process; 3) dissemination and 4) adoption. Fieldwork was done in the village of Manobo in Magpet Cotabato, Philippines. In the light of the findings on the gong culture, it can be concluded that the Manobo has contributed their music system, belief system and socio-cultural values to cultural education. Through cultural exchange, dialogues and interactions among researchers, musicians and users, it became part of an international music materials coproduction program of UNESCO, part of a theatre production, and part of the curriculum of the Department of Education and was taught in informal, formal and alternative learning systems. Dissemination of the gong culture was through performances, symposia, workshops and publications. The goal of adoption is long range and may take time, but the modest contribution of the gong culture is a way forward to multi-cultural understanding.   Keywords - Gong Culture, Cultural Education, Alternative learning system, Translational work, multi-cultural understanding

The Effect of Societal Values on Local Government Transparency: Applying Hofstede’s Cultural Dimmensions

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Frías-Aceituno ◽  
Lázaro Rodríguez-Ariza ◽  
María-Isabel González-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Societal Values ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Societal Expectations

In the last decade, a growing number of organizations worldwide have started reporting on issues concerning their economic, social and environmental behaviour. However, public administrations show a delay in this regard although there is growing interest from citizens regarding sustainability transparency. This paper contributes to intra-country analyses of non-financial reporting in the public sector by studying transparency concerning sustainability in municipalities; it analyses the coherence between societal values, identified using Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, and local governments’ corporate social responsibility disclosures. We undertook a content analysis of 101 Colombian, Portuguese and Spanish local government websites and employed different graphical and statistical techniques to analyse the extent of disclosure and the relationship with societal expectations of transparency. The results showed several thematic differences between countries in disclosure preferences relating to societal cultural values of collectivism, femininity, tolerance and equity. Countries with equilibrium in all cultural values are more transparent; those with a prevalence of masculine and uncertainty avoidance cultural dimensions are particularly oriented to social perspectives and show a higher preference for strategic and economic information.

Popular Media and Youth Resistances

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Moore ◽  
Elizabeth Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Young People ◽  
Harry Potter ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Material Reality ◽  
Youth Resistance ◽  
Over Time

“Popular media” and “youth resistance” are significant areas of inquiry in studies and theorizations of gender and sexuality in education. Yet, the terms popular media, youth, and resistance are highly contentious, sometimes overlapping and consistently posing definitional challenges. Popular media is at first exactly what it sounds like: broadly accessible and commercially produced texts like the Harry Potter franchise; however, popular media is also deeply complex and contextually determined, shifting over time in accordance with audiences as well as popular discourses to produce plural meanings. Likewise, youth resistance encompasses ever-changing, and often reductively problematic conceptualizations. Young people are frequently misrepresented in popular media as rebellious which in turn informs popular understanding(s) of resistance as calcified, domesticated, fetishized, masculinized, and romanticized. Youth resistance then, is complex, discursive, and a nuanced material reality. The complexity of popular culture and youth’s resistance within and against it demonstrates and demands creativity and criticality.

The Spatial Reproduction of Inequality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon C.C. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
The Other ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
American Cities ◽  
Reproduction Of Inequality

Chapter 5 turns to a more immutable element of biography that also defines the typical do-it-yourselfer: most are white, middle-class men and thus operate from a position of considerable privilege in society, including in public space and in interactions with authority. People of color and people from low-income communities, on the other hand, are heavily disincentivized from participating in activities that skirt legal boundaries due to common societal prejudices and inequality. Some informal urbanisms occur in communities worldwide (and among under-served communities in certain contexts), but members of legally vulnerable groups in American cities are less likely to break the law to make local streetscape improvements, even though their communities often need official investment. Interventions by privileged do-it-yourselfers and the cultural values they represent, while more appealing to authorities, can provoke unwelcoming receptions and unintended consequences in the communities they aim to improve.

Factors Contributing to Optimal Human Functioning in People of Color in the United States

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madonna G. Constantine ◽  
Derald Wing Sue
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Human Functioning ◽  
Western European

Many conceptualizations of optimal human functioning are based on Western European notions of healthy and unhealthy development and daily living. When applied to people of color in the United States, however, these conceptualizations may prove inapplicable because of their Western culture–bound nature. The authors explore the role that cultural values, beliefs, and practices play in definitions of optimal functioning and describe how overcoming adverse circumstances has resulted in the development of adaptive assets for people of color.

Queering Smart Decarceration: Centering the Experiences of LGBTQ+ Young People to Imagine a World Without Prisons

Affilia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-375
Author(s):  
Jane Hereth ◽  
Alida Bouris
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Lgbtq Youth ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Criminal Legal System

Addressing mass incarceration through smart decarceration initiatives is one of the Grand Challenges for Social Work named by the American Academy of Social Work Welfare and Research. The exponential growth of the U.S. prison system is largely due to legislation that targets marginalized communities, including people of color, poor people, people with mental illness, and those living with disabilities, as well as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) people of all ages. In this article, we seek to complicate the current conversation on smart decarceration by arguing that social workers committed to addressing mass incarceration should engage abolitionist theory, politics, and organizing in their work in order to effectively address the root causes driving the buildup of the prison nation. We engage feminist and queer theories as two theoretical interventions that can guide this work. We next describe how LGBTQ+ youth enter the criminal legal system, highlighting how normative systems of gender and sexuality subject LGBTQ+ youth to punitive policing, surveillance, and discipline. Finally, we share three models of prison abolitionist organizing led by LGBTQ+ people of color as case studies. By examining how these organizations embrace queer and feminist abolitionist frameworks, we identify concrete ways that social workers can adopt abolitionist principles and practices in their work to address mass incarceration.

Enrique Dussel’s Etica de la liberación, US Women of Color Decolonizing Practices, and Coalitionary Politics amid Difference

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-73
Author(s):  
Laura E. Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Women Of Color ◽  
Third World ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
The Other ◽  
People Of Color

As a US woman of color and queer-centered critique, this chapter analyses coalitionary attempts that merely list oppressions yet reproduce them in their own failure to seriously engage the thought emanating from marginalized intellectuals, even within Third World and US people-of-color communities. To take seriously knowledge from negatively racialized and gendered US women of color is to engage that important bibliography/body of thought but also to examine and transform oneself. The essay specifically argues for recognition of the historic decolonial analyses of double, triple, and multiple oppressions and the “simultaneity of oppressions” theorized by US women of color in the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s critiquing discourses privileging a single “key” contradiction rather than the complex “simultaneity of oppressions” that render class, “racial,” gender, and sexuality analyses more appropriately complex and useful. I also argue for a profound solidarity based on a politics of identification with the otherness of the other as an imbricated, interdependent part of our own selves and being even as it is a recognition of the irreducible difference of the other as such.

Femininity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Young
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
White Female ◽  
Normative Model ◽  
Societal Expectations ◽  
Selection Of

Femininity resides at the heart of feminist debates regarding sex, gender and sexuality. As such, this chapter engages with a plethora of ways in which femininity has been defined, resisted, challenged and critiqued in contemporary short story narratives. Space, and a woman’s right to occupy space, provides the opening point of analysis through a reading of the narratives of Byatt and Tremain. The second section shifts to the notion of ‘behaving appropriately’ and examines the ways in which a selection of short stories depict and reflexively critique femininity in order to make visible and problematize societal expectations of women. Through these discussions, the female body emerges as an important motif and this is an image that will be drawn upon across the subsequent chapters. Finally, the discussion illuminates the ways in which femininity is often understood through association with a young and white female body. Subsequently, the closing section pays attention to narratives which foreground bodies “other” to this normative model and asks how this challenges the concept of femininity and, in turn, what this can tell us about contemporary feminisms.

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