Environment and Development

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Kurian ◽  
Robert V. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Normative Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Development Literature ◽  
National Environmental

The fundamental conflicts and contradictions between environment and development, and various theoretical and practical efforts to reconcile them, have been a prominent part of the history of development thinking since environmentalism emerged as a significant political phenomenon in the 1960s. The idea of development as change for the better resonates perhaps with all civilizations and across time. All civilizations have development myths which reflect a self-awareness that a particular culture had at some time in the past advanced from a more primitive, less developed state. But these cultural myths of development are only incidentally material or economic. More pronounced concerns over the environment and development emerged during the 1960s and the 1970s. These decades were marked by the emergence of widespread public concern about environmental problems of air and water pollution, and the growth of the environmental movement led to national environmental policy developments and international efforts on the environmental front. In addition, development, environment, and sustainability are all normative concepts with implications for ethics and justice. The vast literature on sustainable development has spawned a range of critiques from a variety of theoretical and disciplinary perspectives. The environmental justice literature developed after early sustainable development literature, and raises questions about intragenerational equity.

A Long, Winding (and Rocky) Road to Environmental Education for Sustainability in 2006

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Gough
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Education For Sustainability ◽  
The Road ◽  
New Directions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis article charts the history of environmental education over four decades - from the 1960s to 2006 - as a rocky road of determined chocolate with the possibilities of rocks (nuts) and easy passage (marshmallow). There were distractions such as suggestions of changing names and new directions (add fruit?) along the way but the road has continued to be well travelled. The article concludes that there is much in common with where we have come from (the 1975 Belgrade Charter) and where we stand now (in year 2 of the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development). Where next?

scholarly journals Antropološko proučavanje turizma

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Ivan Kovačević ◽  
Ana Banić-Grubišić
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Anthropological Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Ethnographic Field Work

In this paper, the authors follow the history of development of anthropology of tourism from the 1960s to the present. In addition to the distinct methodology (ethnographic field work), the essential aspect of anthropological study of tourism is an emphasis on the socio-cultural dimension of tourism. Within the anthropological research of tourism, the research interest is focused on understanding the social and cultural nature of tourism.

scholarly journals Ludowa bojowa kultura fizyczna Słowian

2018 ◽  
pp. 319-331
Author(s):  
Daria Ławrynow
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Military Culture ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of

This article discusses Slavic traditional martial arts such as hand-to-hand combat, team fight “stenka na stenku” („wall on wall”), traditional wrestling, folk games and ritual duels. The fighting traditions of the Cossacks, Russians, Ukrainians, Masovians and Kurpie are described, and their evolution and the history of development in Slavic societies analyzed. This paper examines the various functions of military culture: social, magical, entertaining and practical, as well as its role in the process of forming self-awareness and mentality of the groups described. The article is based on historical and folklore material.

scholarly journals Is Development a Lost Paradise? Trade, Environment, and Development: A Triadic Dream of International Law

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upendra D. Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
International Law ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Right To Development ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
The Right ◽  
Developed Nations

After providing a brief background on international law, the history of the right to development is discussed. International law, as it exists today, has been abused by developed nations in their position of power over underdeveloped nations. The right to development, first formalized by the United Nations in 1986 with the Declaration on the Right to Development, was meant to give people of the developing world a right to development. However, the right to development has been supplanted by the concept of sustainable development, as orchestrated by the developed nations. It was hopeful that organizations like the World Trade Organization would implement the right to development through trade; however, these organizations have become merely a tool for the developed nations and associated corporations to continue their dominance over developing nations. Environmental concerns in recent times have shifted the international focus from the right to development to sustainable development, and the right to development has been overlooked. A legal right to development must be recognized before sustainable development can be applied as a tool to benefit underdeveloped nations through environmental and trade-related policy.

scholarly journals Славянски съответствия на английския термин sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 260-272
Author(s):  
Илияна [Iliana] Генев-Пухалева [Genew-Puhalewa]
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Special Consideration ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Semantic Evolution ◽  
Positive Evaluation

Slavic equivalents to the English term sustainabilityThe paper examines the issue of how the term sustainable development (sustainability), coined exactly 30 years ago by the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development, has been reproduced in the Slavic languages. The history of the primary English term’s first use as well as its source have been discussed, with special consideration given to the fact that both English and Slavic terms expressing the concept of sustainability have native components. Using a semasiological approach to the studied terminological units, the author analyzes their outer and inner form of the terms in relation to their meaning (definition). The study emphasizes the semantic progression within the various Slavic words used as terms expressing the contemporary idea of sustainable development. This semantic evolution is observable, among other things, in the component of positive evaluation inherent in the terms’ meanings and definitions. Słowiańskie odpowiedniki terminu sustainabilityArtykuł porusza kwestię sposobów oddawania w językach słowiańskich terminu sustainable development (‘zrównoważony rozwój’), ukutego 30 lat temu przez Światową Komisję ds. Środowiska i Rozwoju Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych. Omówiono historię powstania angielskiego terminu i jego źródło, zwracając uwagę szczególnie na to, że zarówno angielski termin sustainability, jak i jego słowiańskie odpowiedniki wywodzą się z rodzimych elementów. Stosując semazjologiczne podejście do badanych jednostek terminologicznych, autorka analizuje ich zewnętrzną i wewnętrzną formę w odniesieniu do ich znaczenia (definicji). W wynikach analizy na pierwszy plan wysuwa się progresja semantyczna ogólnosłowiańskich wyrazów użytych jako terminy na określenie współczesnej idei zrównoważonego rozwoju. Tę semantyczną ewolucję można zaobserwować m.in. w pozytywnym wartościowaniu, które stanowi wewnętrzny komponent znaczenia i definicji terminów.

scholarly journals Kultura robotnicza – niedokończony projekt: od sceptycyzmu do kulturoznawstwa historycznego [Workers’ Culture – an Unfinished Project: From Scepticism to Historical Cultural Studies]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Matysek-Imielińska
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Humanistic Orientation

Workers’ Culture – an Unfinished Project: From Scepticism to Historical Cultural StudiesThe research on workers’ culture carried out in Poland from the 1960s to the late 1980s has been recognised in this article as a failure. The author discusses the numerous attempts to conceptualise research programmes and their actual implementation in the fields of sociology, anthropology and the emerging cultural studies. She looks for the sources of their failure, reflecting on its nature and possible causes. She asks whether the failure of the research on workers’ culture was not due to the scepticism of the researchers themselves, who might have overlooked important attempts at demonstrating self-awareness and pro-active attitude on the part of the workers, treating them as politically manipulated and therefore inauthentic. She raises the question about both ideological and methodological reasons behind this stance, the latter having to do with a clash between quantitative research and humanistic orientation. She calls for “preposterous” research (as proposed by Mieke Bal) to be undertaken, which would give a different interpretation of the workers’ various cultural initiatives from today’s perspective. Perhaps this would inspire the creation of a counter-history of workers’ culture.Kultura robotnicza – niedokończony projekt: od sceptycyzmu do kulturoznawstwa historycznegoBadania kultury robotniczej w Polsce od lat sześćdziesiątych do późnych osiemdziesiątych XX wieku diagnozowane są w tym artykule jako porażka. Autorka przypomina liczne próby konceptualizacji programów badawczych i konkretne ich realizacje w obszarze socjologii, antropologii i rodzącego się wówczas kulturoznawstwa. Szuka źródeł tej porażki, zastanawia się, na czym ona polegała i co mogło być jej przyczyną. Stawia pytanie: czy niepowodzenia badań nad kulturą robotniczą nie wynikały ze sceptycyzmu samych badaczy, którzy mogli przeoczyć ważne próby manifestacji samoświadomości i aktywnego uczestnictwa robotników, traktując je jako sterowane politycznie, a więc nieautentyczne. Pyta o przyczyny zarówno ideologiczne, jak i metodologiczne – ścieranie się badań ilościowych z orientacją humanistyczną. Proponuje, aby z dystansu czasowego podjąć badania preposteryjne, pozwalające dziś inaczej odczytywać różne robotnicze inicjatywy kulturalne. Być może byłoby to inspirujące dla budowania przeciw-historii kultury robotniczej. 

Decolonization, Environmentalism and Nationalism in Australia and South Africa

Itinerario ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett M Bennett
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Environmental Histories ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Native Invasive ◽  
Cultural Movement ◽  
National Environmental

Decolonization influenced the rise of environmental activism and thought in Australia and South Africa in ways that have been overlooked by national histories of environmentalism and imperial histories of decolonization. Australia and South Africa’s political and cultural movement away from Britain and the Commonwealth during the 1960s is one important factor explaining why people in both countries created more, and more important, public indigenous botanic gardens than anywhere else in the world during that decade. Effective decolonization from Britain also influenced the rise of indigenous gardening and the growing popularity of native gardens at a critical period in gardening and environmental history. Most facets of contemporary gardening—using plants indigenous to the site or region, planting drought-tolerant species, and seeing gardens as sites to help conserve regional and national flora—can be dated to the 1960s and 1970s. The interpretation advanced here adds to historical research tracing how the former Commonwealth settler colonies experienced effective decolonization in the same era. This article expands the focus of research on decolonization to include environmentalism. The interpretation of the article also augments national environmental histories that have hitherto downplayed the influence of decolonization on the rise of environmentalism. Putting decolonization into the history of the rise of environmental thought and action sheds light on why people in contemporary Australia and South Africa are so passionate about protecting indigenous flora and fauna, and so worried about threats posed by non-native invasive species.

scholarly journals Technique for Assessment of Ecological and Economical Efficiency of Projects in the Road Construction Area

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Артеменков ◽  
A. Artemenkov ◽  
Медведева ◽  
O. Medvedeva ◽  
Трофименко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Economical Efficiency ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Application Technique ◽  
The Road ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of

The history of development of the method for assessment of investment projects’ ecological and economical efficiency based on "expense-results" analysis is considered in this paper. This method application technique for assessment of public efficiency of infrastructure projects in the road construction area allowing justify the decisions directed on realization of principles for road construction’s sustainable development is offered.

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