Diabetes (Children and Adults)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Auslander ◽  
Elizabeth Budd
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Helping Professionals ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of: diabetes and its significance, the differences in types of diabetes, and landmark clinical trials that have resulted in changes in philosophy and treatment of diabetes. Second, a review of the various types of evidence-based and promising behavioral interventions in the literature that have targeted children and adults are presented. Social workers and other helping professionals are uniquely positioned to work collaboratively to improve psychosocial functioning, disease management, and prevent or delay complications through behavioral interventions for children and adults with diabetes.

Evidence-Based Pharmacotherapy for Cocaine, Amphetamine, and Methamphetamine Use Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 283-306
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Zhang ◽  
Thomas R. Kosten
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
The Us ◽  
Initial Recovery ◽  
Early Phase Clinical Trials ◽  
New Strategies

Cocaine use disorder is one of the important stimulants use disorders worldwide, and amphetamine/methamphetamine misuse is a growing epidemic. There are no pharmacotherapy treatments approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) available for these illnesses. Numerous treatments based on a variety of strategies from psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, to neuromodulation have been tested to date. Clinical efficacy of the trialed treatments, including both negative and positive outcomes. are reviewed and discussed in this chapter. In summary, many agents and interventions showed promising therapeutic potential in preclinical and early phase clinical trials but eventually failed in later larger trials. Thus, behavioral interventions and supportive therapy focusing on detoxification, initial recovery, and relapse prevention remain the major therapeutic approach due to lack of targeted treatment. New strategies and models are urgently needed to develop effective treatments for these detrimental disorders.

Multitiered Systems of Supports, Response to Intervention, and Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Samantha Bates ◽  
LaShonda Linnen ◽  
Stephanie Columbia ◽  
Dawn Anderson-Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Response To Intervention ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
Positive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
School Based ◽  
Tier 1 ◽  
Tier 3

This chapter covers the Response to Intervention framework, Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, and multitiered systems of supports (MTSS). The Response to Intervention framework is a central step in implementing a successful MTSS framework. MTSS delivers school-based supports across three tiers: tier 1 (universal), tier 2 (targeted), and tier 3 (individualized). The MTSS framework is a resource that enables schools to use data not only to identify students at risk for poor learning outcomes but also to monitor student progress and deliver evidence-based interventions. The chapter provides examples of ways social workers can maximize the utility of these models and school teams to improve student outcomes.

scholarly journals How much do we trust randomised clinical trials, and related guidelines for disease management? A critical appraisal

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Based Medicine

In the “era” of evidence-based medicine it is now well appreciated that systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials are more powerful than other designs in their ability to answer research questions regarding the effectiveness of interventions. In this paper a critical appraisal is made regarding the validity of clinical trials and their role in formulating clinical guidelines.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants and Mushrooms with Immunomodulatory and Anticancer Properties—A Review on Hong Kong’s Experience

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2173
Author(s):  
Grace Gar-Lee Yue ◽  
Clara Bik-San Lau ◽  
Ping-Chung Leung
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Insight Into

The immune modulating effects of selected herbs deserve careful studies to gain evidence-based support for their further development. We have been working hard on many items of medicinal herbs to gain insight into their immunomodulatory effects relevant to cancer treatment in particular, while infection control is not excluded. Nine of them have been selected to give the results of our exploration on their biological, particularly immunomodulatory activities. Since Hong Kong people especially favor one medicinal mushroom, viz. Coriolus versicolor, a number of clinical trials using Coriolus for cancer-related studies are included in this review. While immune modulation platforms are being built for relevant studies, a brief account on the research targets and related procedures are given.

scholarly journals The United States’ Regulatory Environment Is Evolving to Accommodate a Coming Boom in Gene Therapy Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Eisenman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Regulatory Structure ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Therapy Field

Introduction: A dramatic increase in the number of clinical trials involving gene-modified cell therapy and gene therapy is taking place. The field is on the verge of a boom, and the regulatory environment is evolving to accommodate the growth. Discussion: This commentary summarizes the current state of the field, including an overview of the growth. The United States (US) regulatory structure for gene therapy will be summarized, and the evolution of the oversight structure will be explained. Conclusion: The gene therapy field has recently produced its first FDA-approved therapeutics and has a pipeline of other investigational products in the final stages of clinical trials before they can be evaluated by the FDA as safe and effective therapeutics. As research continues to evolve, so must the oversight structure. Biosafety professionals and IBCs have always played key roles in contributing to the safe, evidence-based advancement of gene therapy research. With the recent regulatory changes and current surge in gene therapy research, the importance of those roles has increased dramatically.

Counterpoint: Chemosensitivity Assays for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurie Markman
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Recurrent Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Chemosensitivity Assay ◽  
Reliable Evidence ◽  
In Vitro Chemosensitivity ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Chemosensitivity Assays

Unfortunately, no reliable evidence-based data have shown any in vitro chemosensitivity assay strategy to be clinically useful in the management of recurrent ovarian cancer, despite frequent use. Several clinical trials have been proposed with the potential to support or refute the relevance of these approaches.

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