1. Before Alexander

2014 ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Hugh Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Persian Empire ◽  
Achaemenid Empire ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Effective Organization

‘Before Alexander’ gives a brief history of the Achaemenid Persian Empire and the kingdom of Macedon before they came into conflict, to set the scene for Alexander the Great's era. The Achaemenid Empire was the creation of Cyrus the Great (c.559–530). To maintain hold over such a large and disparate empire required effective organization. Central to the Achaemenid system was the person of the king himself. The Persians established in power the family that would, 180 years on from that point, bring down their own empire. Alexander III (Alexander the Great) was the great-great-great grandson of Alexander I, the son of Amyntas, a Macedonian.

scholarly journals Persian Gardens: Meanings, Symbolism, and Design

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Mahmoudi Farahani ◽  
Bahareh Motamed ◽  
Elmira Jamei
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Structure ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Persian Empire ◽  
Network Construction ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Architecture And Design

Culture and identity in a society can be represented in the architecture and the meanings intertwined with it. In this sense, the architecture and design are the interface for transferring meaning and identity to the nation and future generations. Persian gardens have been evolved through the history of Persian Empire in regard to the culture and beliefs of the society. This paper aims to investigate the patterns of design and architecture in Persian gardens and the meanings intertwined with their patterns and significant elements such as water and trees. Persian gardens are not only about geometries and shapes; but also manifest different design elements, each representing a specific symbol and its significance among the society. This paper seeks to explore Persian gardens in terms of their geometric structure, irrigation system, network construction and pavilions alongside design qualities such as hierarchy, symmetry, centrality, rhythm and harmony. In thesecond stage, the paper investigates the fundamental symbols and their philosophy in the creation of Persian gardens and in relation to the architecture and design.

scholarly journals Key Stages of Ethno-Political History of the Saka Haumavarga

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
S. S. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Political Union ◽  
Achaemenid Empire ◽  
Political Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nomadic People ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Military Activity

In the beginning of the I Millennium BC on the territory of ancient Central Asia a special ethnopolitical union of nomadic people was formed, known in ancient Persian sources as the Saka haumavarga. They are most often referred to as Sakas, who worshiped or prepared the sacred drink of haoma. This article systematically investigates the process of formation and historical development of the ethno-political union of the Saka haumavarga as one of the most powerful associations of ancient nomads in Central Asia. Special attention is also paid to the issue of various features which formed this group of nomads. In addition, the aim of the study was to examine the influence of external factors on the integration of pastoral populations in isolated mountainous areas of PamirAlay as this phenomenon is poorly understood. The process of formation of ethno-political education of the Saka haumavarga was rather lengthy - supposedly having been completed at the turn of the 7th – 6th centuries BC. In the second half of the 6th century BC the Saka haumavarga are occupied by the Achaemenid Empire and forced to pay taxes and supply military contingents of the Persian kings. Around the turn of the 5th and 4th centuries BC they are freed of their subordination. After the conquest of Central Asia by Alexander the Great, they establish a variety of relations with the Hellenistic states. Despite cool relations with the Greco-Bactria, there is evidence of the presence of mercenaries from the Saka haumavarga within the troops of this Hellenistic kingdom. At the turn of the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC as a result of military activity of the Greco-Bactrian kings, a reduction of territory of this Saka haumavarga union commences its gradual decline. The final collapse of this ethno-political group occurs towards the end of the 2nd century BC, as small independent tribes of local nomads are known to be the only inhabitants of the Pamir-Alay territory at this point in time.

scholarly journals Corporation Bell Labs is a factory of scientific innovations

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-168
Author(s):  
Vasily Kudryavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Point Contact ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Cosmic Radio ◽  
Cosmic Radio Emission ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Effective Organization ◽  
Modern Technologies

The results of scientific research and development have become the basis for the development of the economy, the most important factor in increasing its competitiveness, the foundation of modern technologies. Therefore, the problem of effective organization of scientific research and the effectiveness of their financing is extremely urgent. The study of the evolution of organizational forms of science allows us to conclude that in firms that do not have government funding, scientific research at the Nobel level is often carried out. The story of the creation of one of these organizations, the world famous Bell Labs corporation, which is a real incubator of progressive scientific and technical ideas, is told. Over the years, Bell Labs employees have made a number of grandiose discoveries: the detection of cosmic radio emission, the invention of a point-contact transistor, quartz clocks, charge-coupled devices, the creation of information theory, the UNIX operating system, programming languages C, C ++, etc.Considerable attention is paid to describing the scientific and technical results of Bell Labs employees who have become Nobel, Turing, Emmy and Grammy laureates, as well as holders of the US National Medal of Technology and Innovation and the IEEE Medal of Honor. In conclusion, some other scientific achievements of Bell Labs employees that have not received the above awards are discussed. The experience of studying the history of the creation and functioning of this company can be useful when organizing innovative research centers in our country.

Walter Sydney Adams, 1876-1956

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dartmouth College ◽  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Foreign Missions ◽  
Classical Text ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Village

Walter Sydney Adams was born on 20 December 1876, in the village of Kessab near Antioch in Northern Syria, then a province of the Turkish Empire. His father and mother, Lucien and Nancy Adams, were missionaries under the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions with headquarters in Boston. They were both college graduates—Lucien of Dartmouth College and Andover Theological Seminary, Nancy of Mount Holyoke College. Walter was the youngest of the family. In the village in which he lived there were no schools except one for Mohammedan children and one for Armenians, so he received his earliest training in the elements of arithmetic, grammar and geography from his mother. For books he had his father’s library which, apart from theological books, consisted largely of histories and classical text books and treatises. At the age of six he knew more of the history of Athens and Rome, and of the campaigns of Alexander the Great and Hannibal than of the rise and development of the United States. In 1885, when Adams was eight years old, he moved with the family to the United States and settled in the village of Derry, New Hampshire, his father’s old home.

“Appear gorgeous, quiet Osuga…”: originality of country “estate topos” in Dmitry Merezhkovsky’s play “Romantics”

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-238
Author(s):  
Elena A. Andrushchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
The One

D.S. Merezhkovsky’s play “Romantics” (1917) rarely attracts a researcher’s interest, although it is a notable attempt to revisit the rich material on the family history of the Bakunins contained in A.A. Kornilov’s work “Mikhail Bakunin’s young years. From the history of Russian romanticism” (1915). Merezhkovsky’s “bookishness” in the play is apparent in the creation of the idyllic image of Pryamukhino, where he relied on Kornilov’s book and composed a stylization, in which he handled “someone else’s” text and “point of view”. The stylization is reflected in the “estate topos”, which acts as a decoration for the characters’ intellectual aspirations. Coupled with intertext and mythopoetics, it establishes a myth of the intelligentsia’s religious communality, which Merezhkovsky had been developing in his fiction and public writings of those years. These have common motives of paradise, sacrifice, celibacy, unconscious Christianity, duality, detachment. The properties of the “estate topos” in “Romantics” are such that, on the one hand, it is related to the source, while on the other hand each of its elements is integrated into a particular sequence identifiable by its purpose in “estate” literature. This purports to reflect the reality, but is actually the reflection of its reflection; it binds the events to a concrete time and space, yet also affirms the idea of a timeless, universal realization, which is in line with Merezhkovsky’s mythopoetic creative consciousness.

scholarly journals The Notes of Different Years’ of the Moscow Merchant Pyotr Porokhovshchikov: a Family Chronicler in a historical Miscellanea of the Second Half of the 18th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-23
Author(s):  
Ivan A. Poliakov ◽  
Maria A. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
National Library ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The article focuses on the family chronicler of the Moscow merchants Porokhovshchikovs,Abstract: The article focuses on the family chronicler of the Moscow merchants Porokhovshchikovs,discovered in the collection of A. A. Titov in the Manuscripts Departmentof the National Library of Russia. The handwritten Notes are located on the last pages of thehistorical miscellanea of the second half of the 18th century. Annual records were kept from1753 to 1803 first by Petr Isaevich, and then by his son Andrey Petrovich Porokhovshchikovs.The article reflects the history of the creation of The Notes, makes observations aboutthe tradition of keeping such chroniclers in the merchant environment of the second half ofthe 18th — early 19th centuries in general, and in the Porokhovshchikovs family in particular.The authors traced the reflection of the author’s “social circles” in the text of The Notes. Thearticle precedes the commented edition of the monument, which will be published in thenext issue of the journal.

The Prevalence of Hereditary Antithrombin-III Deficiency in Patients with a History of Venous Thromboembolism

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 744-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Vikydal ◽  
C Korninger ◽  
P A Kyrle ◽  
H Niessner ◽  
I Pabinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antithrombin Iii Deficiency ◽  
Recurrent Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Antithrombin Iii Activity ◽  
Slight Deficiency

SummaryAntithrombin-III activity was determined in 752 patients with a history of venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism. 54 patients (7.18%) had an antithrombin-III activity below the normal range. Among these were 13 patients (1.73%) with proven hereditary deficiency. 14 patients were judged to have probable hereditary antithrombin-III deficiency, because they had a positive family history, but antithrombin-III deficiency could not be verified in other members of the family. In the 27 remaining patients (most of them with only slight deficiency) hereditary antithrombin-III deficiency was unlikely. The prevalence of hereditary antithrombin-III deficiency was higher in patients with recurrent venous thrombosis.

Can a Narcissist Ever Marry?: James Fisher and The Uninvited Guest

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Kahr
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Material ◽  
Couple Relationships ◽  
Cocktail Party ◽  
False Self ◽  
Winter's Tale ◽  
Pathological Narcissism ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marital Partners

Few books in the burgeoning field of couple psychoanalysis have garnered as much admiration as James Fisher's The Uninvited Guest: Emerging from Narcissism towards Marriage. In this memorial essay, the author pays tribute to the late Dr Fisher and to his perennial book which explores the ways in which pathological narcissism, among other factors, inhibit the development of spousal intimacy, often destroying partnerships entirely. The author describes the creative way in which Fisher drew upon great works of literature, most notably William Shakespeare's A Winter's Tale, and T. S. Eliot's The Cocktail Party, as well as long-forgotten clinical material from Fisher's predecessors at the Family Discussion Bureau (forerunner of the Tavistock Centre for Couple Relationships), in order to understand the ways in which marital partners struggle with false self couplings. The author assesses the importance of Fisher's contribution in the context of the history of couple psychoanalysis.

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