3. Future generations

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Robin Attfield
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Moral Standing ◽  
Identity Problem ◽  
Future People ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Ten Commandments ◽  
The Future ◽  
Fundamental Objection

Concern about future generations stretches as far back as the Ten Commandments, but the belief that present people can significantly change the future originated as recently as the Enlightenment, along with the belief that our generation may be judged by posterity. ‘Future generations’ considers the moral standing of future generations; the fundamental objection to that belief—‘the Non-Identity Problem’; and the discounting of future interests. If it is agreed that future people and their interests matter, it is still widely held that their interests count for less than current interests. Future preferences and needs are discussed with some of the harmful practices that are detrimental to human and non-human health.

scholarly journals The Well-Being of Future Generations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Broome
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Pareto Principle ◽  
Intergenerational Justice ◽  
Future People ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Future

This chapter surveys some of the issues that arise in policymaking when the well-being of future generations must be taken into account. It considers the different sorts of discounting that may be applied to future well-being, and considers whether any of them are permissible. It next argues that policymakers cannot properly ignore the effects that different policies have on the number of future people who will come into existence. These effects are pervasive, and the chapter goes on to consider what theoretical basis is available for setting a value on them. Finally it describes the “nonidentity effect,” through which a choice of policy affects the identity of people born in the future, and examines what implications it has for intergenerational justice and for the Pareto principle.

scholarly journals New and Emerging Challenges to Heritage and Well-Being: A Critical Review

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1300-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S.C. Taçon ◽  
Sarah Baker
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Relationship

In the past decade, scholarship has documented the ways in which interacting with different forms of heritage impact individual and/or community well-being, as well as the harm to human well-being that occurs when heritage is damaged or destroyed. We bring the results of a review of this literature together, defining both heritage and well-being in relation to each other and exploring the relationship between heritage and well-being. New and emerging threats to heritage and, in turn, well-being are outlined, as well as new ways of preserving heritage for future generations. The future of heritage is discussed along with the importance of the concept of “living heritage”. We conclude that heritage is essential for contemporary and future well-being, and that if we do not better care for heritage then human health will be negatively impacted.

Kant, Marginal Cases, and Moral Standing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Korsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Life Stage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Standing ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Identity Problem ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Moral Difference

According to the marginal cases argument, there is no property that might justify making a moral difference between human beings and the other animals that is both uniquely and universally human. It is therefore “speciesist” to treat human beings differently just because we are human beings. While not challenging the conclusion, this chapter argues that the marginal cases argument is metaphysically misguided. It ignores the differences between a life stage and a kind, and between lacking a property and having it in a defective form. The chapter then argues for a view of moral standing that attributes it to the subject of a life conceived as an atemporal being, and shows how this view can resolve some familiar puzzles such as how death can be a loss to the person who has died, how we can wrong the dead, the “procreation asymmetry,” and the “non-identity problem.”

Reasons to Worry: Interest and Love

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Scheffler
Keyword(s):  
Future Generations ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The Future ◽  
Reasons Of Love

Apart from considerations of beneficence, we have reasons of at least four different kinds to ensure the survival of future generations under conditions conducive to human flourishing. This chapter explores two of those categories of reason: reasons of love and reasons of interest. Reasons of love rest on the fact that the fate of humanity matters to us in its own right. Reasons of interest appeal to our self-interest: that is, to our interest in leading lives engaged in worthwhile activities. These two categories of reason are conceptually independent, but it is partly because the future of humanity matters to us in its own right that the survival of future generations is in our interest.

Living machines in our cultural imagination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Szollosy
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Cultural Imagination ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Future ◽  
Public Imagination ◽  
The Human Condition

Public perceptions of robots and artificial intelligence (AI)—both positive and negative—are hopelessly misinformed, based far too much on science fiction rather than science fact. However, these fictions can be instructive, and reveal to us important anxieties that exist in the public imagination, both towards robots and AI and about the human condition more generally. These anxieties are based on little-understood processes (such as anthropomorphization and projection), but cannot be dismissed merely as inaccuracies in need of correction. Our demonization of robots and AI illustrate two-hundred-year-old fears about the consequences of the Enlightenment and industrialization. Idealistic hopes projected onto robots and AI, in contrast, reveal other anxieties, about our mortality—and the transhumanist desire to transcend the limitations of our physical bodies—and about the future of our species. This chapter reviews these issues and considers some of their broader implications for our future lives with living machines.

Can be marine bioactive peptides (MBAs) lead the future of foodomics for human health?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-79
Author(s):  
Abdur Rauf ◽  
Anees Ahmed Khalil ◽  
Muneeb Khan ◽  
Sirajudheen Anwar ◽  
Abdulwahab Alamri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
The Future

Parfit and the Non-Identity Problem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Boonin
Keyword(s):  
Identity Problem ◽  
Future People

In this chapter, the author explains what the non-identity problem is and why it matters, as well as Derek Parfit’s central role in the literature on the problem. The author explains the solution to the problem Parfit tentatively proposed in Reasons and Persons (1984) and the two reasons he gave for being dissatisfied with that solution. The author then explains the solution that Parfit later defended in his final (posthumous) publication (2017) and why he thought that solution overcame the two problems with his earlier solution. The author then identifies a third problem with Parfit’s earlier solution and shows that this third problem is also a problem with his later solution. The author concludes by suggesting that one lesson that might be drawn from the failure of Parfit’s last solution points in the direction of a very different kind of response to the problem, one defended in the author’s 2014 book, The Non-Identity Problem and the Ethics of Future People. And in doing so, the author responds to some of the criticisms of that response that Parfit himself makes early in his final publication.

Sobre la función de los montes y su planificación

2014 ◽  
pp. 1833-1841
Author(s):  
Mikel Mari KARRERA EGIALDE
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resource ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sustainability Criteria ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
The Future

LABURPENA: Gaur egun, mendien kudeaketa eta baso-politika ingurumeneko eta jasangarritasuneko irizpideetan oinarritzen dira, eta lurraldeko baliabide natural nagusiaren aprobetxamenduari buruzko erabakiak bideratzen dituzte. Hori dela-eta, lurralde-antolamendu ororen markoan, nekazaritzaren, basogintzaren eta abeltzaintzaren arloan jarduten duten eragile publiko eta pribatu guztiek egindako plangintza oinarrizkoa izango da hurrengoa bermatzeko: egun mendia behar bezala aprobetxatuz etorkizuneko belaunaldiei balio sozial eta ekonomiko bera transmititzen dien kudeaketa. RESUMEN: La gestión de los montes y la política forestal se fundamentan, actualmente, en criterios medioambientales y de sostenibilidad que dirigen las decisiones sobre el aprovechamiento del principal recurso natural del territorio. Por ello, en el marco de toda ordenación territorial, la planificación mediante la participación de todos los agentes públicos y privados que operan en el ámbito agrosilvopastoral se erige en instrumento esencial de las orientaciones garantizadoras de una gestión que, aprovechando óptimamente el monte en el presente, transmita ese mismo valor social y económico a las futuras generaciones. ABSTRACT: The management of forests and the forest policy are presently based on enviromental and sustainability criteria which are addressed to the decisions regarding the exploitation of the main natural resource of the territory. Because of it, in the framework of the whole territorial planning, the planning by the participation of all the public and private agents that operate within the agrarian, forest and herding field becomes an essential instrument of the guidelines that guaratee the management which using ideally the forest nowadays give that same social and economic value to the future generations.

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