Sobre la función de los montes y su planificación

Author(s):  
Mikel Mari KARRERA EGIALDE

LABURPENA: Gaur egun, mendien kudeaketa eta baso-politika ingurumeneko eta jasangarritasuneko irizpideetan oinarritzen dira, eta lurraldeko baliabide natural nagusiaren aprobetxamenduari buruzko erabakiak bideratzen dituzte. Hori dela-eta, lurralde-antolamendu ororen markoan, nekazaritzaren, basogintzaren eta abeltzaintzaren arloan jarduten duten eragile publiko eta pribatu guztiek egindako plangintza oinarrizkoa izango da hurrengoa bermatzeko: egun mendia behar bezala aprobetxatuz etorkizuneko belaunaldiei balio sozial eta ekonomiko bera transmititzen dien kudeaketa. RESUMEN: La gestión de los montes y la política forestal se fundamentan, actualmente, en criterios medioambientales y de sostenibilidad que dirigen las decisiones sobre el aprovechamiento del principal recurso natural del territorio. Por ello, en el marco de toda ordenación territorial, la planificación mediante la participación de todos los agentes públicos y privados que operan en el ámbito agrosilvopastoral se erige en instrumento esencial de las orientaciones garantizadoras de una gestión que, aprovechando óptimamente el monte en el presente, transmita ese mismo valor social y económico a las futuras generaciones. ABSTRACT: The management of forests and the forest policy are presently based on enviromental and sustainability criteria which are addressed to the decisions regarding the exploitation of the main natural resource of the territory. Because of it, in the framework of the whole territorial planning, the planning by the participation of all the public and private agents that operate within the agrarian, forest and herding field becomes an essential instrument of the guidelines that guaratee the management which using ideally the forest nowadays give that same social and economic value to the future generations.

2013 ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
Mario Aldo Toscano

Starting from one of Franco Ferrarotti's latest publications Atman. Il respiro del bosco (Ed. Empiria, Rome, 2012), this essay develops on the basis of the considerations in the last sections of the text, to which we refer. The interpretation key to this note, purposefully hermeneutic though unveiled in its conclusions, relates to the return to nature. The transition from culture to nature and to the nature of the trees is not seen, in the long trajectory described by Franco Ferrarotti, as a «regression», but rather as the achievement of a wisdom able to contemplate sine ira ac studio (without anger or concern) the enormous shortfallings and decline of the public and private life in our country. The solitude of the «naturalized» thought brings a glimpse of hope, in that memory resumes its course no more towards the past but towards the future. Ferrarotti's "lessons» interpret the dramatic sequences of our history, remain in the atmospheres of thought, and are «received» as such, fertile sources of underground action.


Author(s):  
Jeffrey Wakefield ◽  
Theodore Tomasi ◽  
Angeline Morrow ◽  
Christopher Pfeifer ◽  
Heath Byrd

ABSTRACT Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA) is a process used to determine the amount of compensation due to the public for natural resource injuries arising from oil spills. Two models, Resource Equivalency Analysis (REA) and Habitat Equivalency Analysis (HEA), are used in essentially all OPA NRDAs to compute compensatory restoration requirements. REA is applied when members of wildlife populations are injured: usually mortality or a loss of reproduction among a species of bird, turtle, marine mammal, or fish. HEA is used when habitats are injured: usually oiling of beaches, wetlands, or sediments. The models are often implemented in a cooperative setting with input from both the Responsible Party and the Trustees. In this setting the models provide a structure for organizing negotiations and identifying the types of agreements that need to be reached before restoration can be identified and “right sized.” The models also have a technical basis in economic theory that is fully justified, but only in particular, limited circumstances. This technical basis is the only means of assuring the Trustees, RPs, and stakeholders that the NRDA process has identified an appropriate level of compensation. When the circumstances of a spill do not approximate those in which HEA and REA are defensible, creative solutions are needed to adjust the models to the circumstances of the case if they are to provide a convincing basis for scaling restoration and reaching resolution. This paper identifies the circumstances under which REA and HEA are fully defensible as well as 35 years of evolving adjustments designed to make them “work” when applied to real-world cases they do not quite fit. We also look to the future and how climate change may alter restoration scaling.


2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-232
Author(s):  
Jolanta Ciak ◽  
Bożena Kołosowska

Since January 1999 a new pension system based on the reformed Social InsuranceInstitution (ZUS) and open pension funds (OFE) has been in force. The reformsdid not concern all the insured in ZUS uniformly, due to its scope and costs. The aim of the article is to present the changes in the Polish national pension systemand their influence on the public finance including the state budget. The influenceis considerable due to the long-lasting imbalance in the state budget and theaccumulating public debt. The authors discern that the changes suggested by thegovernment can be assessed as the choice between being responsible for presentand being responsible for the future. Thus the effects of the current changesin the pension system are moved to the future generations and the sources of theirfinancing, whether they are in the form of higher taxes, smaller public expenditureor higher public debt, will depend on the future economic policy includingthe financial policy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Masiah Masiah ◽  
Siti Rabiatul Adawiyah

ABSTRAKRemaja putri adalah calon pembentuk generasi masa depan sehingga membekalinya dengan keterampilan tertentu menjadi sebuah keharusan sebagai langkah membangun ekonomi kreatif di masa mendatang, serta yang tidak kalah penting juga adalah menghindarkannya dari pergaulan yang tidak sehat. Salah satu langkah yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan pelatihan berupa kerajinan tas rajut. Kegiatan positif ini dapat menjadikannya memiliki kesibukan positif disela-sela waktu sekolahnya. Produk kerajinan tas rajut ini sangat diminati oleh masyarakat, hal tersebut merupakan hal yang menjanjikan untuk ditekuni. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi pembekalan dan pendampingan bagi beberapa mahasiswa (kegiatan ini melibatkan peran serta beberapa mahasiswa), sosialisai dan pendampingan membuat produk kerajinan tas rajut bagi remaja putri Desa Mambalan Kecamatan Gunung Sari LOBAR. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian meliputi; remaja desa Mambalan mempunyai bekal keterampilan untuk berwirausaha dan terciptanya produk kerajinan berupa tas rajut, selain itu kegiatan ini juga mendapat respon positif dari orang tua remaja yang menjadi peserta. Kata kunci : tas rajut; remaja putri. ABSTRACTAdolescent girls are candidates for forming future generations so providing them with certain skills becomes a necessity as a step to build a creative economy in the future, and equally important is to avoid unhealthy relationships. One step that can be done is to provide training in the form of craft knitting bags. This positive activity can make him have a positive activity in the middle of his school time. This knitting bag handicraft product is in great demand by the public, it is a promising thing to pursue. The method of activities carried out included debriefing and mentoring for some students (this activity involved the participation of several students), socialization and assistance in making knitting bag handicraft products for young women in Mambalan Village, Gunung Sari Subdistrict, LOBAR. The results of community service activities include; Mambalan village adolescents have the provision of skills for entrepreneurship and the creation of handicraft products in the form of knitting bags, in addition to this activity also received a positive response from parents of teenagers who became participants. Keyworda : knitting bag; young women.


1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avi Y. Ellencweig

AbstractThis article presents a survey of the public and private agencies and institutions providing health care in Israel and examines the degree and nature of the control that these bodies exercise over medical technology. The author demonstrates that while the Israeli government is highly centralized, the Ministry of Health is able to exercise only limited practical influence and is neutralized because of its circumscribed control of government funds. In addition, the Ministry of Health lacks standardized procedures for the assessment of prospective or existing technologies. The author notes that there has been a clear move toward a system to oversee the rational diffusion of technology and outlines several proposals for the future.


2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hebdon ◽  
Douglas Hyatt ◽  
Maurice Mazerolle

Using a large data set of large and small bargaining units, this paper examines the implications for collective bargaining disputes of the evolution toward small bargaining units and the move to nontraditional forms of representation. It is found that smaller bargaining units, as well as independent unions in both the public and private sectors, are less likefy to reach an impasse. This finding supported those hypothesizing the cooperative nature of these organizations. These two sets of results suggest that the movement to smaller bargaining units, and towards more independent representation, will result in a higher proportion ofdirectly negotiated settlements in the future. However, a reduced incidence of impasse does not necessarily mean a reduction in industrial conflict. We found evidence of a shift away from a collective expression of conflict such as strikes, to more individual expressions. Thus, in the future, there may be a greater need for internal conflict resolution Systems.


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Nurudin Nurudin ◽  
Muyassarah Muyassarah

<p class="IIABSTRAK333">Social climber is described as a person who is eager to gain a higher social status in his or her society. In the globalization era, many women show off their styles that are not in accordance with their belongings. Those who look glamorous do not pay attention to the Islamic economic value. Therefore how women restrict the future generations not to be excessive in appearing their performance to avoid undesirable social and psychological impacts. Principally, Islam does not justify social climber because in Islamic economics <em>istishod</em> is recognized as the balance between the world and the hereafter which is in line with the Islamic economic goal namely <em>al-falah</em>. It means a balanced luck between the world and the hereafter. But it does not mean showing off glamorous behaviour in the world as such so it causes jealousy among the surrounding environment and induces criminals to commit crime such as theft, robbery and others. Social climber is also regarded as <em>isrof</em> means extravagance. Islamic economics forbids people to live extra­vagant­ly and miserly regardless of its impact because Islamic economics advocate simple life.</p><p class="IIABSTRAK333">_________________________________________________________<strong></strong></p>S<em>ocial climber</em> digambarkan sebagai seseorang yang ingin men­dapatkan status sosial yang lebih tinggi di sekitarnya. Dalam kondisi zaman globalisasi banyak perempuan yang bergaya pamer tidak sesuai dengan kondisi materi yang dimilikinya. Mereka yang ber­penampilan glamor tidak memperhatikan nilai-nilai ekonomi Islam. Oleh karena itu bagaimana para perempuan membatasi agar generasi-generasi mendatang tidak berlebihan dalam berpenampil­an untuk menghindari dampak sosial dan psikologi yg tidak diingin­kan. Pada prinsipnya, Islam tidak membenarkan <em>social climber</em> karena di dalam ekonomi Islam dikenal istilah istishod yakni ke­seimbangan antara dunia dan akhirat yang sejalan dengan tujuan ekonomi Islam yang disebut <em>al-falah.</em> Artinya keberuntungan yang seimbang antara dunia dan akhirat, jangan hanya untung dunia yang justru pamer atau berperilaku glamor yang menyebabkan kecemburuan lingkungan sekitar dan mengundang penjahat me­laku­kan kejahatan misalnya pencurian, perampokan dan lain-lain. <em>Social climber</em> juga termasuk <em>isrof </em>yakni pemborosan. Ekonomi Islam melarang hidup boros berfoya-foya dan kikir tanpa memperhatikan dampaknya karena ekonomi Islam menganjurkan hidup sederhana.


Author(s):  
Glenn Albrecht

'Earth Emotions' is an invitation to the reader to participate in the emergent global drama between the emotionally charged forces of creation and destruction. Both sets of emotions are needed for the survival and the flourishing of the species, however, we live in an epoch where the forces of destruction are overwhelming positive or creative emotions. The name for this period of human dominance is the 'Anthropocene'. The book promotes an antidote to the Anthropocene in the form of the 'Symbiocene', a future era where positive earth emotions will flourish. Through these two master concepts, both types of emotions are systematically examined in the context of nature and life. Starting with a recently defined negative earth emotion, 'solastalgia', the reader is taken on a psycho-terratic (psyche-earth) journey through all of the earth emotions and feelings in use in the public and academic literature. The book culminates in the affirmation of positive emotional relationships to the Earth for current and future generations. As a relentlessly optimistic manifesto for living in the future, this book addresses the emotional, cultural, ethical, political, spiritual and practical aspects of positive earth emotions and the defeat of those that are destructive of people and the planet.


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