2. Productive ambiguity

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-39
Author(s):  
J. L. Heilbron
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Mechanical Instability ◽  
Ernest Rutherford ◽  
Electron Theory ◽  
Nuclear Atom ◽  
Insight Into

‘Productive ambiguity’ begins with Bohr’s move to Cambridge in 1911 to work with J. J. Thompson on the electron theory and to publish an English translation of his thesis. He did not flourish in Cambridge, however, and moved to Manchester in early 1912 to study under Ernest Rutherford. He soon took an interest in the work of another researcher in the laboratory, Charles Galton Darwin, who was wrestling with the problem of how electrons in a nuclear atom interact with passing alpha particles. Consideration of Darwin’s problem prompted Bohr to discover the radical mechanical instability of the nuclear atom, a result for which his thesis and his philosophy had prepared him. He exploited the instability to develop his quantum atom. His several attempts to ground his invention in existing physics give a precious insight into his mind at work, into his way of entertaining several contradictory formulations of his thought at the same time.

A famine in Surat in 1631 and Dodos on Mauritius: a long lost manuscript rediscovered

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Winters ◽  
J. P. Hume ◽  
M. Leenstra
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Dutch East India Company ◽  
The Status ◽  
Insight Into

In 1887 Dutch archivist A. J. Servaas van Rooijen published a transcript of a hand-written copy of an anonymous missive or letter, dated 1631, about a horrific famine and epidemic in Surat, India, and also an important description of the fauna of Mauritius. The missive may have been written by a lawyer acting on behalf of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). It not only gives details about the famine, but also provides a unique insight into the status of endemic and introduced Mauritius species, at a time when the island was mostly uninhabited and used only as a replenishment station by visiting ships. Reports from this period are very rare. Unfortunately, Servaas van Rooijen failed to mention the location of the missive, so its whereabouts remained unknown; as a result, it has only been available as a secondary source. Our recent rediscovery of the original hand-written copy provides details about the events that took place in Surat and Mauritius in 1631–1632. A full English translation of the missive is appended.

New Particles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger H. Stuewer
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Atomic Hydrogen ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Cloud Chamber ◽  
Ernest Rutherford ◽  
James Chadwick ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
New Particles

In December 1931, Harold Urey discovered deuterium (and its nucleus, the deuteron) by spectroscopically detecting the faint companion lines in the Balmer spectrum of atomic hydrogen that were produced by the heavy hydrogen isotope. In February 1932, James Chadwick, stimulated by the claim of the wife-and-husband team of Irène Curie and Frédéric Joliot that polonium alpha particles cause the emission of energetic gamma rays from beryllium, proved experimentally that not gamma rays but neutrons are emitted, thereby discovering the particle whose existence had been predicted a dozen years earlier by Chadwick’s mentor, Ernest Rutherford. In August 1932, Carl Anderson took a cloud-chamber photograph of a positron traversing a lead plate, unaware that Paul Dirac had predicted the existence of the anti-electron in 1931. These three new particles, the deuteron, neutron, and positron, were immediately incorporated into the experimental and theoretical foundations of nuclear physics.

The “Doctrine of Love” in ʿAbd Allāh al-Anṣārī’s Manāzil al-sāʾirīn with Critical Paraphrase of ʿAbd al-Razzāq Kāshānī’s Commentary

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-155
Author(s):  
Mukhtar H. Ali
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Guided Reading ◽  
Classic Work ◽  
Key Topics ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Commentarial Tradition ◽  
Profound Insight

This article represents a preliminary inquiry into a little known and understudied commentarial tradition upon ʿAbd Allāh al-Anṣārī’s classic work on the stations of Sufism, the Manāzil al-sāʾirīn (Stations of the Wayfarers). After briefly taking stock of the considerably late commentarial tradition which this important text engendered, we will take as our case study one of the Manāzil ’s key topics, namely its sixty-first chapter on the station of love. This pivotal section on love gives profound insight into early Sufism and into the minds of two of its greatest exponents. Anṣārī discusses the station of love in detail, as he does with every chapter, in three aspects, each pertaining to the three types of wayfarers: the initiates, the elect, and the foremost of the elect. Then, we shall turn our attention to perhaps the most important Sufi commentary upon this work by an important follower of the school of Ibn al-ʿArabī, ʿAbd al-Razzāq Kāshānī, offering a guided reading of his commentary upon Anṣarī’s chapter on love in the Manāzil. A complete English translation of this chapter will be offered and appropriately contextualized.

PROCLUS ON PLATO'S TIMAEUS 89e3–90c7

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Arnzen
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Critical Edition ◽  
Arabic Translation ◽  
Manuscript Transmission ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractAlthough the existence of an Arabic translation of a section of Proclus' commentary on Plato's Timaeus lost in the Greek has been known since long, this text has not yet enjoyed a modern edition. The present article aims to consummate this desideratum by offering a critical edition of the Arabic fragment accompanied by an annotated English translation. The attached study of the contents and structure of the extant fragment shows that it displays all typical formal elements of Proclus' commentaries, whereas its conciseness and shortcomings raise certain doubts about its completeness. As a parergon, the article includes an analysis of a hitherto neglected letter by Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq, which is attached to the fragment in the manuscript transmission. In addition to providing some insight into the origins of the Proclian fragment, this letter sheds some light on the Syriac and Arabic reception of some works by Hippocrates and Galen, especially Hippocrates' On Regimen in Acute Diseases and the history of its Arabic translation.

In Pursuit of the Muses. The Life and Work of Justus Lipsius

10.54179/2101 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine De Landtsheer
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Famed for his ground-breaking philological, philosophical, and antiquarian writings, the Brabant humanist Justus Lipsius (1547-1606) was one of the most renowned classical scholars of the sixteenth century. In this volume, Marijke Crab and Ide François bring together the seminal contributions to Lipsius’s life and scholarship by Jeanine De Landtsheer (1954-2021), who came to be known as one of the greatest Lipsius specialists of her generation. In Pursuit of the Muses considers Lipsius from two complementary angles. The first half presents De Landtsheer’s evocative life of the famous humanist, based on her unrivalled knowledge of his correspondence. Originally published in Dutch, it appears here in English translation for the first time. The second half presents a selection of eight articles by De Landtsheer that together chart a way through Lipsius’s scholarship. This twofold approach offers the reader a valuable insight into Lipsius’s life and work, creating an indispensable reference guide not only to Lipsius himself, but also to the wider humanist world of letters.

1. The fly in the cathedral

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Close
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Ernest Rutherford ◽  
Nuclear Atom ◽  
Positively Charged

‘The fly in the cathedral’ charts the discovery of the nuclear atom and the start of modern atomic and nuclear physics. It began in 1895 with the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen and radioactivity by Henri Becquerel. In 1897, J.J. Thomson discovered the electron and realised they were common to all atoms, which implied that atoms have an internal structure. Negatively-charged electrons are bound to positively-charged entities within the atom, but what carries this positive charge and how is it distributed? It was Ernest Rutherford, in 1911, who announced his solution: all of an atom’s positive charge and most of its mass are contained in a compact nucleus at the centre.

Madame Bovary and Marks

Tekstualia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (36) ◽  
pp. 9-28
Author(s):  
Emily Apter
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Paul De Man ◽  
Madame Bovary ◽  
De Man ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Ideological Work

In the article professor Emily Apter tells the story of an English translation of Flaubert’s Madame Bovary – of an infl uential English rendition prepared by the daughter of Karl Marx, Eleanor. Apter analyses some of the decisions taken by Eleanor Marx, compares them to solutions found by other translators, including Paul de Man and Lydia Davis, and observes how much the ideological work of Karl Marx might have infl uenced the con cept of „diligent translation” that Eleanor followed in her rendition of Flaubert’s masterpiece. At the same time the article offers insight into textual detail of the novel, bringing to light some of its scarcely noticed features.

Hyena and Rabbit: A Kaguru Representation of Matrilineal Relations

Africa ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas O. Beidelman
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Bantu Language ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Insight Into

Opening ParagraphThis paper has two purposes: (1) to present a text in Chikaguru, a Bantu language spoken by the Kaguru of East Africa: this language has not been properly described by linguists and no extensive text in it has yet appeared; (2) to present a tale (the text) which serves as an interesting illustration of certain problems in Kaguru society.In the first part of this paper, I present this tale in a free English translation with a few notes in explanation of certain details in the story.In the second part I discuss the significance of this tale as a means by which one may gain insight into certain important problems in one African matrilineal society.Two appendixes at the end of this paper present the original Kaguru text and an attempt at a literal translation, together with a list and a very brief discussion of the published material dealing with the Kaguru language.

scholarly journals "Everyday Racism," "White Innocence," and Postcolonial Society: A Deeper Look into the Dutch Cultural Archive

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-66
Author(s):  
Bas Dikmans
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Critical Race Studies ◽  
Race And Racism ◽  
White People ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
White Innocence ◽  
Society Today ◽  
Insight Into

This paper explores Dutch postcolonial society through looking at it from the lens of critical race studies. In particular, this paper highlights the complex societal debate surrounding race, skin colour, and ethnicity in the Netherlands through examining the voices of Dutch individuals who come from an immigrant background and who are writing critically about these issues. Through looking at Surinamese-Dutch anthropologist Gloria Wekker’s “white innocence” and Surinamese-Dutch critical scholar Philomena Essed’s “everyday racism,” this paper explains how colonial discourses of racial thinking still substantially influence Dutch society today. I then employ these concepts to examine the nonfiction writings of the Russian-Cameroonian-Dutch author Anousha Nzume’s Hallo Witte Mensen[1](2017)and the Turkish-Dutch Zihni Özdil’s Nederland mijn Vaderland[2](2015) as two texts that critically engage in, within the realm of popular culture, contemporary discussions about the position of race and the way it is ingrained in the dominant conception of Dutch national identity. In doing so, I provide insight into how “new” migrant-descent voices within the realm of Dutch popular media are actively challenging hegemonic ideas about race and racism.   [1]English translation: Hello White People. [2]English translation: The Netherlands, my Motherland.     

In Pursuit of the Muses. The Life and Work of Justus Lipsius

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine De Landtsheer ◽  
Marijke Crab ◽  
Ide François
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Famed for his ground-breaking philological, philosophical, and antiquarian writings, the Brabant humanist Justus Lipsius (1547-1606) was one of the most renowned classical scholars of the sixteenth century. In this volume, Marijke Crab and Ide François bring together the seminal contributions to Lipsius’s life and scholarship by Jeanine De Landtsheer (1954-2021), who came to be known as one of the greatest Lipsius specialists of her generation. In Pursuit of the Muses considers Lipsius from two complementary angles. The first half presents De Landtsheer’s evocative life of the famous humanist, based on her unrivalled knowledge of his correspondence. Originally published in Dutch, it appears here in English translation for the first time. The second half presents a selection of eight articles by De Landtsheer that together chart a way through Lipsius’s scholarship. This twofold approach offers the reader a valuable insight into Lipsius’s life and work, creating an indispensable reference guide not only to Lipsius himself, but also to the wider humanist world of letters.

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