scholarly journals Straight to the Source? Where Adaptations, Artworks, Historical Films, and Novels Connect

Adaptation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-184
Author(s):  
Jeremy Strong
Keyword(s):  
Historical Novel ◽  
Adaptation Studies ◽  
Historical Film ◽  
Distinct Subset ◽  
Fictional Narratives ◽  
Historical Films ◽  
Origin Story ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Adaptive Practice

AbstractResponding to several recent interventions in adaptation studies that have argued for history-as-adaptation, this article develops a sustained examination of how page-to-screen adaptations may be understood as structured and interpreted in ways analogous to the historical film. Considering the relationship between historical screen texts and the historical novel, including the many novel-to-film adaptations of such stories, the article identifies a distinct subset of adaptations in which artworks and literary works are engaged as the ‘source’ for fictional and semi-fictional narratives that ostensibly address the circumstances of their creation. Re-purposing the term ‘origin story’ to characterize these stories, the works of historical novelist Tracy Chevalier are posited as examples of this creative adaptive practice. In addition, this article argues for the trope of ‘bringing-to-life’ and the associated domain of re-enactment as key modes, deeply resonant since the earliest phases of cinema technology, for figuring both the page-to-screen adaptation and historical film. Finally, the 2015 historical biopic and adaptation Trumbo and its relationship to a range of sources are examined in the light of ideas proposed in this article.

scholarly journals Refiguring Historical Consciousness

2021 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Rasmus Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Historical Film ◽  
Historical Films ◽  
Historical Culture ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBy way of conclusion, this chapter examines the relationship between historical films and theories of historical culture. At the heart of its discussion is the thesis that appropriation of histospheres in spectators’ reception has a refigurative effect on our historical consciousness. On this view, the historical experiences generated by films augment the conceptions of history we have acquired from written accounts and sources with a physical-sensory dimension. Consequently, this chapter argues that two new forms of remembering make a substantial contribution to transforming our historical culture: The reminiscence triggers integrated in the audiovisual design of a historical film prompt spontaneous or “unbidden” memories that come to us contingently and are essentially receptive. The mise-en-histoire’s referentialization, by contrast, is a productive act of remembering.

The impact of cultural factors on attachment dynamics: a view from Irish society

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-223
Author(s):  
Michael O’Toole
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Seamus Heaney ◽  
Irish Society ◽  
Irish Context ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In this article I examine aspects of the relationship between mothers and sons from an attachment perspective in an Irish context. Through the works of Irish writers such as Seamus Heaney, John McGahern, and Colm Tóibín, I focus on particular aspects of this relationship, which fails to support the developmental processes of separation and individuation in the many men who come to me for psychotherapy. I illustrate key points concerning this attachment dynamic through the use of clinical examples of my work with two men from my practice. While acknowledging that many other cultural factors play a significant role in the emotional development of children, integrating the work of our poets, novelists, and scholars with an attachment perspective

John Cranko's Antigone (1959): A Ballet Lost and Found

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Henrietta Bannerman
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Jean Racine ◽  
World War ◽  
Martha Graham ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
Lost And Found ◽  
The Many ◽  
Tragic Drama ◽  
The Relationship

John Cranko's dramatic and theatrically powerful Antigone (1959) disappeared from the ballet repertory in 1966 and this essay calls for a reappraisal and restaging of the work for 21st century audiences. Created in a post-World War II environment, and in the wake of appearances in London by the Martha Graham Company and Jerome Robbins’ Ballets USA, I point to American influences in Cranko's choreography. However, the discussion of the Greek-themed Antigone involves detailed consideration of the relationship between the ballet and the ancient dramas which inspired it, especially as the programme notes accompanying performances emphasised its Sophoclean source but failed to recognise that Cranko mainly based his ballet on an early play by Jean Racine. As Antigone derives from tragic drama, the essay investigates catharsis, one of the many principles that Aristotle delineated in the Poetics. This well-known effect is produced by Greek tragedies but the critics of the era complained about its lack in Cranko's ballet – views which I challenge. There is also an investigation of the role of Antigone, both in the play and in the ballet, and since Cranko created the role for Svetlana Beriosova, I reflect on memories of Beriosova's interpretation supported by more recent viewings of Edmée Wood's 1959 film.

Archaeologists and the Dead

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
International Context ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experience Effect

This volume addresses the relationship between archaeologists and the dead, through the many dimensions of their relationships: in the field (through practical and legal issues), in the lab (through their analysis and interpretation), and in their written, visual and exhibitionary practice--disseminated to a variety of academic and public audiences. Written from a variety of perspectives, its authors address the experience, effect, ethical considerations, and cultural politics of working with mortuary archaeology. Whilst some papers reflect institutional or organizational approaches, others are more personal in their view: creating exciting and frank insights into contemporary issues that have hitherto often remained "unspoken" among the discipline. Reframing funerary archaeologists as "death-workers" of a kind, the contributors reflect on their own experience to provide both guidance and inspiration to future practitioners, arguing strongly that we have a central role to play in engaging the public with themes of mortality and commemoration, through the lens of the past. Spurred by the recent debates in the UK, papers from Scandinavia, Austria, Italy, the US, and the mid-Atlantic, frame these issues within a much wider international context that highlights the importance of cultural and historical context in which this work takes place.

scholarly journals Grounding semantic transparency in context

Morphology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Varvara ◽  
Gabriella Lapesa ◽  
Sebastian Padó
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distributional Semantics ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
Inclusion Measure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Semantic Point ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe present the results of a large-scale corpus-based comparison of two German event nominalization patterns: deverbal nouns in -ung (e.g., die Evaluierung, ‘the evaluation’) and nominal infinitives (e.g., das Evaluieren, ‘the evaluating’). Among the many available event nominalization patterns for German, we selected these two because they are both highly productive and challenging from the semantic point of view. Both patterns are known to keep a tight relation with the event denoted by the base verb, but with different nuances. Our study targets a better understanding of the differences in their semantic import.The key notion of our comparison is that of semantic transparency, and we propose a usage-based characterization of the relationship between derived nominals and their bases. Using methods from distributional semantics, we bring to bear two concrete measures of transparency which highlight different nuances: the first one, cosine, detects nominalizations which are semantically similar to their bases; the second one, distributional inclusion, detects nominalizations which are used in a subset of the contexts of the base verb. We find that only the inclusion measure helps in characterizing the difference between the two types of nominalizations, in relation with the traditionally considered variable of relative frequency (Hay, 2001). Finally, the distributional analysis allows us to frame our comparison in the broader coordinates of the inflection vs. derivation cline.

A discussion of apraxia, aphasia, and gestural language

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (6) ◽  
pp. R884-R887
Author(s):  
N. Helm-Estabrooks
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Communication Disorder ◽  
Left Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Language Behavior ◽  
Normal Language ◽  
Symbolic Gestures ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

It is understood that damage to the left cerebral hemisphere in adulthood may result in syndromes of language disturbances called the aphasias. The study of these syndromes sheds light on normal language processes, the relationship between language behavior and the brain, and how best to treat aphasic individuals. Aphasia, for some, is a central communication disorder affecting all symbolic behavior in all modalities (i.e., speech, writing, and gesture). Difficulty producing symbolic gestures on command is called apraxia. Others view aphasia as a manifestation of a motor-sequencing disorder affecting all gestural systems including those required for speech movements. These divergent theories of the underlying nature of aphasia can be tested through examination of deaf individuals who use sign language before onset of aphasia. Poizner et al. [Am. J. Physiol. 246 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 15): R868-R883, 1984] studied three such patients with different aphasia syndromes: one patient had a nonsymbolic, motor-sequencing disorder; one had a gestural apraxia; and one had neither. These findings force the conclusion that neither the symbolic nor motor-sequencing theory of aphasia can account for the many varieties of that disorder.

Selma and the Place of Fiction in Historical Films

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-123
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Voting Rights Act ◽  
Hybrid Nature ◽  
Historical Film ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Historical Films ◽  
Moral Certainty ◽  
Historical Reenactments

Every historical film must contend with the possibility that its viewers will be scandalized by its mixture of fact and fiction, but no recent historical film has faced such pressure to justify its hybrid nature as Selma has, in large part because no recent film has taken on so momentous and controversial a historical subject: the civil rights marches from Selma to Montgomery that led to the passage of the Voting Rights Act in 1965. The renewed urgency of the issues Selma dramatizes, along with the film’s own commitment to the “moral certainty” of the civil rights movement, helps explain why Selma wavers in a self-defense that links the fictionality of its historical reenactments to the purposely theatrical element of the marches themselves. But politics are not the only problem for fiction in Selma, and to show why, this essay compares Selma to an earlier historical film, The Westerner (1940), that openly flaunts the commercial nature of its fictionality.

scholarly journals Fragmentación en la novela histórica contemporánea sobre la Guerra Civil española

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Durba Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Historical Novel ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Historical Novels ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Fictional Narratives ◽  
Javier Cercas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novela Historica ◽  
Soldados De Salamina

RESUMEN España ha visto una nueva ola de literatura publicada en la primera década de este siglo que trata el tema de la Guerra Civil y que se nutre de las preocupaciones y debates que rodean al movimiento de la recuperación de la memoria de la guerra y la posguerra. Este trabajo pretende indagar en la representación de la Guerra Civil en la novela histórica en particular, centrándose en su estructura narrativa fragmentada. El artículo reconoce la yuxtaposición de diferentes elementos del discurso político, periodístico y historiográfico dentro de las narrativas histórico-ficcionales y la estudia según la idea posmoderna de fragmentación. A manera de ejemplo, toma el caso de dos escritores – Javier Cercas y Alberto Méndez – y sus obras Soldados de Salamina (2001) y El impostor (2014), y Los girasoles ciegos (2004) respectivamente. Se utilizan los ejemplos tomados de las tres novelas históricas contemporáneas para demostrar cómo los textos se convierten en sitios de recuperación de la memoria de la guerra y en herramientas de una reconstrucción novedosa pero crítica de la historia de España mediante la adopción de la fragmentación de manera textual, temática y discursiva. ABSTRACT Spain has witnessed a new wave of literature published in the first decade of this century that deals with the theme of the Civil War and that draws upon the concerns and debates surrounding the movement of recover the memory of the war and the postwar. This work attempts to analyze the representation of the Civil War in the historical novel in particular by focusing on its fragmented narrative structure. The article acknowledges the juxtaposition of different elements from political, journalistic and historiographic discourse within the historical-fictional narratives and studies it according to the postmodern idea of fragmentation. For the purpose of explanation, it takes the case of two writers – Javier Cercas and Alberto Méndez – and their works Soldados de Salamina (2001) y El impostor (2014), and Los girasoles ciegos (2004) respectively. The examples taken from the three contemporary historical novels are used to demonstrate how the texts become sites of recovery of the memory of the war and tools of a novel yet critical reconstruction of the history of Spain by adopting textual, thematic and argumentative fragmentation.

scholarly journals El impacto del tigre en las artes marciales chinas

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Wing Lam ◽  
Saleem Alamudeen
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Asian Culture ◽  
Asian Community ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Strange Duality

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In Asia, there is, in general, a great reverence held for the tiger. The tiger has been imitated and reigns supreme as king of all the beasts throughout Asia. The relationship between man and tiger holds a strange duality in that as much as the tiger is feared for its fierce savagery and destructive power, it is also revered for these very same qualities and for its majestic nature. Therefore, the very symbolic essence of the tiger has permeated all levels of the Asian community and culture; art, mythology, religion, astrology, herbology, and military fighting strategies. The purpose of this article is to show the many rich aspects that the tiger exhibits, and its influence and impact on Asian culture and Chinese martial arts in particular. Martial arts such as Cantonese Hung Gar (Hong Family) and Hasayfu Hung Gar (Hong Family Four Lower Tigers) dedicate a portion of their systems to achieving awesome strength and speed, and to imitating the tiger’s physical prowess. By doing so, they may achieve higher levels of effectiveness within the martial arts.</span></span></span></p>

scholarly journals The Narrative Model of Constitutional Implications: A Defence of Roach v Electoral Commissioner

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
High Court ◽  
Fictional Narratives ◽  
Narrative Model ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The role of implications in Australian constitutional law has long been debated. Jeffrey Goldsworthy has argued in a series of influential publications that legitimate constitutional implications must be derived in some way from authorial intentions. I call this the intentionalist model of constitutional implications. The intentionalist model has yielded a sceptical response to several recent High Court decisions, including the ruling in Roach v Electoral Commissioner that the Constitution enshrines an implied conditional guarantee of universal franchise. This article outlines an alternative way of thinking about constitutional implications, which I call the narrative model. I argue that at least some constitutional implications are best understood as arising from historically extended narratives about the relationship of the constitutional text to wider social practices and institutions. The article begins by discussing the limitations of the intentionalist model. It then considers the role of descriptive and normative implications in both factual and fictional narratives, before applying this analysis to the Australian Constitution. I argue that the narrative model offers a plausible basis for the High Court’s reasoning in Roach v Electoral Commissioner.

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