Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression in Salivary Duct Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S40-S41
Author(s):  
Kyriakos Chatzopoulos ◽  
Andrea Collins ◽  
Joaquin Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Salivary Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Salivary Duct ◽  
Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Infiltrating Lymphocytes

Abstract Objectives Salivary duct carcinoma is a rare high-grade salivary gland tumor, sharing common features with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast—particularly apocrine type. Increased density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a favorable prognostic factor in many solid tumors and has been correlated with elevated expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), a targetable molecule. We investigated the prognostic role of TILs and PD-L1 expression in salivary duct carcinoma. Methods Clinical records and archived surgical pathology material were evaluated from 28 patients with a diagnosis of salivary duct carcinoma at Mayo Clinic Rochester (between 1961 and 2007). TILs were evaluated on hematoxylin and eosin–stained slides and reported as continuous variables. Immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 (clone 22C3) was performed on unstained slides and evaluated using the Combined Positive Score (CPS). Fisher’s exact test was used to assess frequency distribution differences. Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess the impact of the variables on survival. Results Twenty-eight patients had salivary duct carcinoma (age range 35-87, mean 61), and follow-up averaged 60 months (range 6-252 months). At the end of the follow-up period, 22 patients (79%) had died of salivary duct carcinoma, while remaining patients were alive (4.14%) or had died of other causes (2.7%). For the entire follow-up period, levels of TILs of 40% or more were associated with favorable overall survival (log-rank test, P = .01) and were predictors of better survival in univariate analysis (hazard ratio: 0.18, P = .02). PD-L1 expression was not significantly different between the high and low TIL groups (Fisher’s exact test, P = .67). Survival analysis regarding PD-L1 expression did not yield statistically significant results (log-rank test, P = .74; hazard ratio: 0.87, P = .74). Conclusion High TIL levels, but not PD-L1 expression as determined using the CPS, predict better survival in patients with salivary duct carcinoma.

scholarly journals Orbital metastasis from a primary salivary duct carcinoma: importance of long-term follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. e21-e24
Author(s):  
Amar Pujari ◽  
Ritika Mukhija ◽  
Adarsh Shashni ◽  
Mandeep S Bajaj ◽  
Seema Sen
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Salivary Duct ◽  
Orbital Metastasis ◽  
Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

scholarly journals HER2/neu negative salivary duct carcinoma of parotid: A case with forty months recurrence free follow up

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 22-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya Gokavarapu ◽  
Daphne Fonseca ◽  
Sreenivasa Puthamakula ◽  
Bal P. Reddy ◽  
B. Sridhar Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Salivary Duct ◽  
Duct Carcinoma

Association of improved survival (OS) and tumor control (TC) with interleukin-2 (IL2) with development of immune-related events (IREs): Data from the PROCLAIMSM registry.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9528-9528
Author(s):  
Brendan D. Curti ◽  
Gregory A. Daniels ◽  
David F. McDermott ◽  
Joseph Clark ◽  
Howard Kaufman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Long Term Impact

9528 Background: IREs are associated with immunotherapy (IT) for cancer and while reports suggest improvement in TC and OS with induced IREs, the long-term impact is unclear. IL2 has been the major IT for patients (pts) with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and melanoma (MM) since 1992. We evaluated IREs reports in the PROCLAIMSM data base (2008-2016) of IL2-treated pts. Methods: Reports on 614 (MM) and 843 (RCC) pts were queried for IREs. IREs were categorized as occurring before, during, or after IL-2 and related to any checkpoint inhibitor (CPI). TC (CR+PR+SD) was compared between no IRE and IRE, using Fisher’s exact test. OS curves were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method, and comparison of no IRE/before IL2 with during/after IL2, was analyzed by log-rank test. Results: With a median (med) follow-up of 3.5+ years (range 1-8+ year), 140 IREs were reported in 118 pts (9.6% of all PROCLAIMSM pts): 93 (15%) in MM; 47 (5.6%) in RCC. 25 IREs were prior to IL2; 13 IREs were during IL2; 102 were after IL2. Of the latter 102, 31 were after IL2 and after subsequent CPI; 71 were attributed to IL2 only; and in 13, IREs were due to either IL2 or CPI. TC was 73% for IRE group vs 56% for no IRE group (p = 0.0054). OS was significantly greater for IRE group during/after IL2 compared to no IRE/before IL2 in MM, med 46 months (mo) vs 18 mo (p = 0.0001) and in RCC, med 61 mo vs 43 mo (p = 0.0196), independent of CPI IREs. Med # of IL2 doses was 19 in no IRE group, 39 in IRE during IL2 group, and 25 in IRE after IL2 group. IL2-related IREs were primarily vitiligo and thyroid dysfunction (70% of IL2 IREs), with limited further impact, while CPI-related IREs were often serious, requiring intervention (hypophysitis, colitis, hepatitis, uveitis) (52% of CPI IREs) and possibly chronic management. Conclusions: IREs following IL2 are associated with improved TC and OS. IREs resulting from IL2 and from CPIs are qualitatively different and likely reflect different mechanisms of action of immune activation and response.

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death ligand-1 can identify different prognostic profiles in breast cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12622-e12622
Author(s):  
Omar Peña-Curiel ◽  
Alejandro Aranda-Gutierrez ◽  
Gabriela S. Gómez-Macías ◽  
Carlos Herrera-López ◽  
Ana Sofia Ferrigno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Pathologic Complete Response ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Programmed Death Ligand 1 ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Infiltrating Lymphocytes

e12622 Background: Immunologic biomarkers such as tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) can provide prognostic information in breast cancer (BC) patients. Specifically, a high TILs level has been associated with pathologic complete response and enhanced disease-free survival (DFS). Furthermore, PD-L1 positivity has been associated with worse DFS and overall survival (OS). However, the interaction of both biomarkers as well as its association with survival outcomes in specific BC subtypes is still a subject of ongoing research. Methods: Medical records of women diagnosed with primary BC between 2013 and 2015 in a center in Monterrey, Mexico were reviewed. Eligible patients had at least 1 year of follow-up, stages I-III at diagnosis, and available tissue for TILs and PD-L1 assessment. PD-L1 positivity was defined as the presence of PD-L1 in ≥1% of tumor-infiltrating immune cells using the VENTANA SP142 assay. Classification of TILs into low ( < 30%) and high (≥30%) levels was performed for analytical purposes. Clinicopathological features were compared with Fisher’s exact tests and logistic regression models, as appropriate. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate recurrence-free survival (RFS), and associations between variables were explored with log-rank or Cox regressions. Results: A total of 195 patients were included. Overall, 12.3% of BC biopsy specimens showed positivity to PD-L1 (8.3% [11/132] in HR+/HER2-, 5.9% [2/34] in HER2+, and 38% [11/29] in TNBC; p < 0.001). PD-L1 positivity was significantly associated with ER-negative status (OR 3.1; p = 0.013), high TILs (OR 5.7; p < 0.001), and high Ki67 expression (HR 12.5; p < 0.001). The median follow-up for the entire cohort was 61 months (95%CI 58-63). RFS in the PD-L1- group was significantly superior to the PD-L1+ group (85% vs. 66% at 5 years; p = 0.021). In a multivariate Cox model, PD-L1 positivity (HR 3.3), low TILs (HR 3.4), advanced stage (HR 2.8), and high histological grade (HR 2.5) were all independent prognostic factors for worse RFS. Based on these results, we further classified our cohort into four prognostic profiles based on PD-L1 and TILs status. The low TILs/PD-L1+ group experienced an inferior RFS than low TILs/PD-L1- patients (45% vs. 85% at 5-years; p-value < 0.001), while no difference was observed in the high TILs groups. Notably, when analyzing HR+/HER2- patients only, a similar statistical difference was observed between low TILs/PD-L1+ and low TILs/PD-L1- groups (HR 5.4, p = 0.009). Conclusions: In our cohort, PD-L1 positivity together with low TILs identified a subset of BC patients with a worse RFS. Interestingly, patients with HR+/HER2- BC fared worse in the low TILs/PD-L1+ subcategory than in the low TILs/PD-L1- group. Future studies are warranted to explore the prognostic value of categorizing patients based on TILs and PD-L1 status in different BC subtypes.

Prognostic Impact of APOBEC3B Expression for Tumor-infiltrating Cytotoxic T cells in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunho Kim ◽  
Okran Kim ◽  
Myung Ah Lee ◽  
Ji Youl Lee ◽  
Sung-Hoo Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Infiltrating Lymphocytes

Abstract Background: The APOBEC3B enzymes are endogenous carcinogenic mutagens. Metastatic urothelial carcinomas often harbor APOBEC3B-mediated mutations in which tCw to T or G substitution occurs. A high mutation burden in urothelial carcinoma can increase T-cell immunity against cancer cells, affecting prognosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate patient survival and CD8+ T-cell density according to APOBEC3B expression in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who underwent cytotoxic chemotherapy.Methods: We performed a retrospective study in 94 patients with urothelial carcinoma who were treated with the first line palliative chemotherapy. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to evaluate APOBEC3B expression and CD8+/CD3 ratio of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Survival curves according to APOBEC3B expression were generated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. The correlation between APOBEC3B expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was analyzed using Pearson’s chi-squared test. Results: A high APOBEC3B expression was detected in 71 of the 94 patients (75.5%). The median overall survival of patients with high APOBEC3B expression (15 months) was longer than that of patients with low APOBEC3B expression (p = 0.045 by log-rank test). The hazard ratio based on the Cox regression analysis was 0.252 (95% confidence interval 0.082–0.781, p = 0.017). APOBEC3B expression was associated with the CD8+/CD3+ ratio of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (odds ratio 2.914, 95% confidence interval 1.030–8.249, p = 0.039).Conclusions: APOBEC3B expression was an independent prognostic factor in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells correlated with APOBEC3B expression.

scholarly journals Primary Salivary Duct Carcinoma Arising from the Stensen Duct

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. E15-E17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Noda ◽  
Takashi Hirano ◽  
Tomoyo Okamoto ◽  
Masashi Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Salivary Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Salivary Duct ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Duct Carcinoma ◽  
The Right

This report describes a salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) arising from the extraglandular portion of the Stensen duct. The patient was a 56-year-old man who presented with a palpable, elastic, hard mass without tenderness in the right cheek. Computed tomography revealed a tumor of the extraglandular portion of the Stensen duct. Supraomohyoid right neck dissection and total right parotidectomy were performed, and the histologic diagnosis was SDC of the Stensen duct. Postoperatively, the patient received no additional treatment. Neither recurrence nor metastasis was observed during 4 years of follow-up examination. SDC of the Stensen duct is extremely rare. To our knowledge, there is no report that describes primary SDC arising from that location. We also believe this is the first report that describes the clinical course of primary SDC arising from a Stensen duct.

scholarly journals Successful Treatment with Nivolumab in a Patient with Metastatic Salivary Duct Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 343-346
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Sato ◽  
Takahiro Maeta ◽  
Ryosuke Abe ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamada ◽  
Kazuyuki Ishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Salivary Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Salivary Duct ◽  
Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Hilar Lymph Node ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Programmed Death 1 ◽  
The Right

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy. A 58-year-old man presented with a right-sided submandibular mass and metastatic lesions in the right supraclavicular and inferior internal jugular nodes. He underwent right submandibulectomy and right neck dissection followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. However, relapse occurred in the hilar lymph node and lumbar spine. Although radiotherapy was performed, a second relapse appeared in the hilar lymph nodes and sacral bone. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed negativity for programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the primary tumor specimen. The patient then received the anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibody nivolumab. His metastatic lesions were completely eliminated after 48 weeks of therapy. This case reveals that anti-PD-1 antibodies are effective even against PD-L1-negative SDC.

scholarly journals Long-Term Recurrence-Free Survival After Salivary Duct Carcinoma of the Parotid: A 10-Year Follow-Up Case Report

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Peer W. Kämmerer ◽  
D. Schneider ◽  
Peer W. Kämmerer
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Salivary Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Salivary Duct ◽  
Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Parotid Region ◽  
Parotid Neoplasm ◽  
The Right

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) represents a very rare and aggressive parotid neoplasm. A 70-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with a swelling of the right parotid region, persisting for twelve weeks. Based on sonography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography, a suspicious lesion showing mass expansion and invasion of surrounding tissues was seen. Intraoperative biopsy brought evidence of SDC. In accordance, surgical treatment included parotidectomy with preservation of the facial nerve as well as ipsilateral neck dissection due to suspicious lymphatic nodes. Afterwards, an adjuvant radiation therapy was undertaken. At 10 years of follow-up, the patient was alive and free of recurrence with full function of the facial nerve. In conclusion, keeping in mind its poor prognosis, the rare parotid salivary duct carcinoma needs aggressive therapy consisting of a surgical as well as a radiation therapy approach.

Intraductal carcinoma of the minor salivary gland

1983 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl T. K. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Minor Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Intraductal Carcinoma ◽  
Salivary Duct ◽  
Duct Carcinoma

AbstractA case of intraductal carcinoma of the minor salivary gland is reported. It appears to represent the preinvasive phase of infiltrating salivary duct carcinoma. A five-year follow-up showed neither recurrence nor metastasis.

Colorectal Liver Metastases - Does the Number of Lesions Determine the Sensibility of Resection?

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Knoefel ◽  
Brunken ◽  
Neumann ◽  
Gundlach ◽  
Rogiers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Chirurgische Entfernung

Die komplette chirurgische Entfernung von Lebermetastasen bietet Patienten nach kolorektalem Karzinom die einzige kurative Chance. Es gibt jedoch eine, anscheinend unbegrenzte, Anzahl an Parametern, die die Prognose dieser Patienten bestimmen und damit den Sinn dieser Therapie vorhersagen können. Zu den am häufigsten diskutierten und am einfachsten zu bestimmenden Parametern gehört die Anzahl der Metastasen. Ziel dieser Studie war es daher die Wertigkeit dieses Parameters in der Literatur zu reflektieren und unsere eigenen Patientendaten zu evaluieren. Insgesamt konnte von 302 Patienten ein komplettes Follow-up erhoben werden. Die gebildeten Patientengruppen wurden mit Hilfe einer Kaplan Meier Analyse und konsekutivem log rank Test untersucht. Die Literatur wurde bis Dezember 1998 revidiert. Die Anzahl der Metastasen bestätigte sich als ein prognostisches Kriterium. Lagen drei oder mehr Metastasen vor, so war nicht nur die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer R0 Resektion deutlich geringer (17.8% versus 67.2%) sondern auch das Überleben der Patienten nach einer R0 Resektion tendenziell unwahrscheinlicher. Das 5-Jahres Überleben betrug bei > 2 Metastasen 9% bei > 2 Metastasen 36%. Das 10-Jahres Überleben beträgt bislang bei > 2 Metastasen 0% bei > 2 Metastasen 18% (p < 0.07). Die Anzahl der Metastasen spielt in der Prognose der Patienten mit kolorektalen Lebermetastasen eine Rolle. Selbst bei mehr als vier Metastasen ist jedoch gelegentlich eine R0 Resektion möglich. In diesen Fällen kann der Patient auch langfristig von einer Operation profitieren. Das wichtigere Kriterium einer onkologisch sinnvollen Resektabilität ist die Frage ob technisch und funktionell eine R0 Resektion durchführbar ist. Ist das der Fall, so sollte auch einem Patienten mit mehreren Metastasen die einzige kurative Chance einer Resektion nicht vorenthalten bleiben.

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