Abstract
Background: Dysmenorrhea is a condition frequently affecting menstruating women worldwide. Unfortunately, only a few studies have estimated the relationship between alcohol consumption and dysmenorrhea among women. In particular, there are fewer studies to explore the association between alcohol consumption, dysmenorrhea, and age at menarche. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether and to what extent alcohol consumption is related to dysmenorrhea and age at menarche. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted among college students. A total of 3,837 participants (age ≥18 years) volunteered to participate in the study and completed the questionnaire. Moreover, 145 were excluded from the study owing to exclusion criteria. We divided female college students into two groups stratified by age at menarche (AAM) 13 years. Logistic regression models were performed to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of alcohol consumption with dysmenorrhea, adjusting for confounding factors. Results: A total of 3692 female college students completed the survey, including 409 (11.08%) who reported alcohol use. We found that alcohol consumption was not related to dysmenorrhea. However, stratified by age at menarche, we found that a positive association between alcohol consumption and dysmenorrhea among participants with AAM ≥13 years (OR,1.41; 95% CI, 1.06, 1.88). Compared with participants who reported no alcohol consumption, participants who reported consuming alcohol at least once a month (OR,1.29; 95% CI, 0.94, 1.78) and alcohol consumption at least once a week (OR,1.92; 95% CI, 1.07, 3.45) were more likely to have dysmenorrhea adjusting for other confounding factors. Conclusion: Our findings showed overall no association of alcohol consumption with dysmenorrhea but a statistically significant positive association for those whose AAM was >13 years.