scholarly journals Intraspecific trait variation and reversals of trait strategies across key climate gradients in native Hawaiian plants and non-native invaders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea C Westerband ◽  
Tiffany M Knight ◽  
Kasey E Barton
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Climate Gradients ◽  
Intraspecific Trait Variation ◽  
Sources Of Variation

Abstract Background and Aims Displacement of native plant species by non-native invaders may result from differences in their carbon economy, yet little is known regarding how variation in leaf traits influences native–invader dynamics across climate gradients. In Hawaii, one of the most heavily invaded biodiversity hotspots in the world, strong spatial variation in climate results from the complex topography, which underlies variation in traits that probably drives shifts in species interactions. Methods Using one of the most comprehensive trait data sets for Hawaii to date (91 species and four islands), we determined the extent and sources of variation (climate, species and species origin) in leaf traits, and used mixed models to examine differences between natives and non-native invasives. Key Results We detected significant differences in trait means, such that invasives were more resource acquisitive than natives over most of the climate gradients. However, we also detected trait convergence and a rank reversal (natives more resource acquisitive than invasives) in a sub-set of conditions. There was significant intraspecific trait variation (ITV) in leaf traits of natives and invasives, although invasives expressed significantly greater ITV than natives in water loss and photosynthesis. Species accounted for more trait variation than did climate for invasives, while the reverse was true for natives. Incorporating this climate-driven trait variation significantly improved the fit of models that compared natives and invasives. Lastly, in invasives, ITV was most strongly explained by spatial heterogeneity in moisture, whereas solar energy explains more ITV in natives. Conclusions Our results indicate that trait expression and ITV vary significantly between natives and invasives, and that this is mediated by climate. These findings suggest that although natives and invasives are functionally similar at the regional scale, invader success at local scales is contingent on climate.

Global resource acquisition patterns of invasive and native plant species do not hold at the regional scale in Mediterranean type ecosystems

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1143-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Funk ◽  
Monica A. Nguyen ◽  
Rachel J. Standish ◽  
William D. Stock ◽  
Fernando Valladares
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Resource Acquisition ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Mediterranean Type Ecosystems

scholarly journals Accumulating crop functional trait data with citizen science

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marney E. Isaac ◽  
Adam R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Intraspecific Trait Variation ◽  
Plant Trait ◽  
Commercially Important

Abstract Trait-based ecology is greatly informed by large datasets for the analyses of inter- and intraspecific trait variation (ITV) in plants. This is especially true in trait-based agricultural research where crop ITV is high, yet crop trait data remains limited. Based on farmer-led collections, we developed and evaluated the first citizen science plant trait initiative. Here we generated a dataset of eight leaf traits for a commercially important crop species (Daucus carota), sampled from two distinct regions in Canada, which is 25-fold larger than datasets available in existing trait databases. Citizen-collected trait data supported analyses addressing theoretical and applied questions related to (i) intraspecific trait dimensionality, (ii) the extent and drivers of ITV, and (iii) the sampling intensity needed to derive accurate trait values. Citizen science is a viable means to enhance functional trait data coverage across terrestrial ecosystems, and in doing so, can directly support theoretical and applied trait-based analyses of plants.

scholarly journals Evidence that Intraspecific Trait Variation among Nasal Bacteria Shapes the Distribution of Staphylococcus aureus

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 3811-3815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Libberton ◽  
Rosanna E. Coates ◽  
Michael A. Brockhurst ◽  
Malcolm J. Horsburgh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intraspecific Trait Variation

ABSTRACTNasal carriage ofStaphylococcus aureusis a risk factor for infection, yet the bacterial determinants required for carriage are poorly defined. Interactions betweenS. aureusand other members of the bacterial flora may determine colonization and have been inferred in previous studies by using correlated species distributions. However, traits mediating species interactions are often polymorphic, suggesting that understanding how interactions structure communities requires a trait-based approach. We characterizedS. aureusgrowth inhibition by the culturable bacterial aerobe consortia of 60 nasal microbiomes, and this revealed intraspecific variation in growth inhibition and that inhibitory isolates clustered within communities that were culture negative forS. aureus. Across microbiomes, the cumulative community-level growth inhibition was negatively associated withS. aureusincidence. To fully understand the ecological processes structuring microbiomes, it will be crucial to account for intraspecific variation in the traits that mediate species interactions.

scholarly journals Non-native plant species in alder-dominated forests in Slovakia: what does the regional- and the local-scale approach bring?

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Michal Slezák ◽  
Štefánia Farkašovská ◽  
Richard Hrivnák
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractEuropean riparian forests are in general susceptible to plant invasions compared to other natural forest habitats. Their descriptive vegetation overviews with phytosociological affiliation contain detail insight into species composition patterns at various geographical scales, but quantitative assessment of the relationship between non-native plant richness and measured environmental variables is still scarce. We used two vegetation datasets of alder-dominated forests to analyse plant invasion patterns in the Pannonian and the Carpathian region of Slovakia. A large dataset of 918 vegetation plots was used at the regional scale, whereas 40 vegetation plots completed by ecological (mainly soil, climatic) predictors were used at the local scale in order to determine how they shape non-native species richness. We found significant differences (P < 0.05) between the Pannonian and the Carpathian region in the number of non-native vascular plants at both scales, with altitude being the most important predictor. Generalized Linear Models accounted for 56.6% and 59.6% of alien species richness data in the Pannonian and Carpathian region, respectively. Alien richness was affected by altitude and soil pH in the Pannonian region, but only by altitude in the Carpathian region.

scholarly journals Leaf trait differences between 97 pairs of invasive and native plants across China: effects of identities of both the invasive and native species

NeoBiota ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Ming-Chao Liu ◽  
Ting-Fa Dong ◽  
Wei-Wei Feng ◽  
Bo Qu ◽  
De-Liang Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Leaf Trait ◽  
Species Specific

Many studies have attempted to test whether certain leaf traits are associated with invasive plants, resulting in discrepant conclusions that may be due to species-specificity. However, no effort has been made to test for effects of species identity on invasive-native comparisons. Here, we compared 20 leaf traits between 97 pairs of invasive and native plant species in seven disturbed sites along a southwest-to-northeast transect in China using phylogenetically controlled within-study meta-analyses. The invasive relative to the native species on average had significantly higher leaf nutrients concentrations, photosynthetic rates, photosynthetic nutrients- and energy-use efficiencies, leaf litter decomposition rates, and lower payback time and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios. However, these differences disappeared when comparing weakly invasive species with co-occurring natives and when comparing invasives with co-occurring widespread dominant natives. Furthermore, the magnitudes of the differences in some traits decreased or even reversed when a random subset of strongly to moderately invasive species was excluded from the species pool. Removing rare to common natives produced the same effect, while exclusion of weakly to moderately invasives and dominant to common natives enhanced the differences. Our study indicates that the results of invasive-native comparisons are species-specific, providing a possible explanation for discrepant results in previous studies, such that we may be unable to detect general patterns regarding traits promoting exotic plant invasions through multi-species comparisons.

scholarly journals Ecological consequences of intraspecific variation in coevolutionary systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athmanathan Senthilnathan ◽  
Sergey Gavrilets
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Interspecific Interaction ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Ecological Consequences ◽  
Intraspecific Trait Variation ◽  
Analytical Approximations ◽  
Invasion Analysis ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe patterns and outcomes of coevolution are expected to depend on intraspecific trait variation. Various evolutionary factors can change this variation in time. As a result, modeling coevolutionary processes solely in terms of mean trait values may not be sufficient; one may need to study the dynamics of the whole trait distribution. Here, we develop a theoretical framework for studying the effects of evolving intraspecific variation in two-species coevolutionary systems. In particular, we build and study mathematical models of competition, exploiter-victim interactions, and mutualism in which the strength of within- and between-species interactions depends on the difference in continuously varying traits. We use analytical approximations based on the invasion analysis and supplement it with a numerical method. We find that intraspecific variation can be maintained if stabilizing selection is weak in at least one species. When intraspecific variation is maintained, stable coexistence is promoted by small ranges of interspecific interaction in two-species competition and mutualism, and large ranges in exploiter-victim interactions. We show that trait distributions can become multimodal. Our approach and results contribute to the understanding of the ecological consequences of intraspecific variation in coevolutionary systems by exploring its effects on population densities and trait distributions.

scholarly journals Habitat patchiness drives spatial structure in morphological trait variation and co-variation in spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth T. Green ◽  
Anthony I. Dell ◽  
John A. Crawford ◽  
Elizabeth G. Biro ◽  
David R. Daversa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ambystoma Maculatum ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Intraspecific Trait Variation ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Length Analysis

AbstractThe influence of intraspecific trait variation in species interactions makes trait-based approaches critical to understanding eco-evolutionary processes. Given that species occupy habitats that are patchily distributed in space, advancement in trait-based ecology hinges on understanding how trait variation is spatially structured across the landscape. We sampled larval spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) across spatially discrete ponds to quantify spatial structure in morphology. Spatial structure explained 7-35% of total observed variation in the length and shape of salamander larvae, depending on the body segment measured (i.e., head, body, tail). Salamander tail morphology was more variable and exhibited more spatial structure than head or body morphology. Salamander mass was also highly variable, and was strongly correlated with total length. Analysis of allometry revealed that the slopes of mass-length relationships were similar across space, but the intercepts differed spatially. Preliminary evidence hints that newly constructed ponds are drivers of spatial differences in allometric intercepts. Pond construction may therefore bolster diversity in trait co-variation, and in so doing instil more adaptive potential of salamanders under current and future environmental change.

A Guide to Planting Wildflower Enhancements in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Bammer ◽  
Josh Campbell ◽  
Chase B. Kimmel ◽  
James D.. Ellis ◽  
Jaret C. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Pollinator Species ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
The Right

The establishment of native wildflower plantings in Florida can benefit agricultural producers as well as native pollinators and other beneficial insects (predators and parasitoids). The plantings do this by:  providing forage and nesting sites for bees, butterflies, and other pollinators, increasing wild bee numbers possibly across the farm, and increasing natural enemies of insect pests (that also depend on forage and nesting sites). This document discusses choosing the right mix of native plant species to benefit many pollinator species, as well as proper site selection, planting practices, and weed control techniques. Wildflower plots should be practical to manage, maximize benefits to wildlife, and fit into the overall management practices of the property. 

Native plant species field evaluation in salt desert: good materials, bad situation

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Grant-Hoffman ◽  
S. Parr ◽  
T. Blanke
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Salt Desert

Ten-year persistence of native plant species on a green roof in Northeast US

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
Jessica D Lubell ◽  
Bryan Connolly ◽  
Kristina N Jones
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Northeast Us
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document