Functional and anatomical adaptation in congenital brain disorders: A case study

AbstractDrug repurposing is an invaluable strategy to identify new uses for existing drug therapies that overcome many of the time and financial costs associated with novel drug development. The COVID-19 pandemic has driven an unprecedented surge in the development and use of bioinformatic tools to identify candidate repurposable drugs. Using COVID-19 as a case study, we discuss examples of machine-learning and signature-based approaches that have been adapted to rapidly identify candidate drugs. The Library of Integrated Network-based Signatures (LINCS) and Connectivity Map (CMap) are commonly used repositories and have the advantage of being amenable to use by scientists with limited bioinformatic training. Next, we discuss how these recent advances in bioinformatic drug repurposing approaches might be adapted to identify repurposable drugs for CNS disorders. As the development of novel therapies that successfully target the cause of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders has stalled, there is a pressing need for innovative strategies to treat these complex brain disorders. Bioinformatic approaches to identify repurposable drugs provide an exciting avenue of research that offer promise for improved treatments for CNS disorders.

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Integration of Anti-Corruption Education (PAK) In Islamic Religious Education (PAI) With Neuroscience Approach (Multi-Case Study in Brain Friendly PAUD: I Sleman Kindergarten Yogyakarta)

INFERENSI ◽

10.18326/infsl3.v12i2.307-330 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 307-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Suyadi Suyadi

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Data Collection ◽

Religious Education ◽

Learning Theory ◽

Field Research ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Future Generations ◽

Brain Disorders ◽

Data Collection Technique

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) is not sufficient for cultivating anti-corruption character. As a result, future generations at risk of experiencing brain disorders which are considered normal but unhealthy. This study aims to integrate PAI and Anti-Corruption Education (PAK) with neuroscience approach in PAUD. This research used a qualitative approach in the form of field research in brain-friendly PAUD, i.e.1 Sleman Kindergarten Yogyakarta. Data collection technique was done by observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis was done in descriptive, interpretative, and comparative. The research indicates that the application of PAK in I Sleman Kindergarten is by following findings National Learning Movement of I'm an Honest Kid (Gernas Manjur), while PAI is implemented thematically and scientifically, but it is not yet integrated. This research integrates PAK and PAI by extending the forms of corruption into Gernas Manjur and deepening the themes of PAI learning based on neuroscience learning theory.[Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) ternyata belum cukup untuk menumbuhkan karakter antikorupsi. Akibatnya, generasi bangsa di masa depan beresiko mengalami ganguan otak yang hanya normal tetapi tidak sehat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengintegrasikan PAI dan Pendidkan Anti Korupsi (PAK) dengan pendektan neurosains pada jenang Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitif dalam bentuk penelitian lapangan di Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) yang ramah otak, yakni TK N 1 Sleman Yogyakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif, interpretatif dan komparatif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan PAK di TK N I Sleman dilaksanakan dengan mengikuti Gerakan Nasional Pembelajaran Aku Anak Jujur (Gernas Manjur), sedangkan PAI dilaksanakan secara tematik dan saintifik namun keduanya belum terintegrasi. Penelitian ini mengintegrasikan PAK dan PAI dengan cara memperluas bentuk-bentuk korupsi ke dalam Gernas Manjur dan memperdalam tema-tema pembelajaran PAI berdasar teori pembelajaran neurosins.]

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Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x1800105x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John P. A. Ioannidis

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disease ◽

Brain Disorders ◽

Social Stressors ◽

Labor Education ◽

Mental Diseases ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

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The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x13009850 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (01) ◽

pp. 102-129

Author(s):

ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽

EUDALD CORTINA ORERO

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

El Salvador ◽

Early Years ◽

Left Wing ◽

Internal Dynamics ◽

Internal Coherence ◽

The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

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Culture and the plasticity of perception

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19002887 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Lifshitz ◽

T. M. Luhrmann

Keyword(s):

Cultural Context ◽

Sensory Experience ◽

Cultural Learning ◽

The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

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Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19000451 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel J. Povinelli ◽

Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽

Shannon L. Kuznar ◽

Mateja Pavlic

Keyword(s):

Temporal Reasoning ◽

Higher Order ◽

Important Case ◽

Human Cognition ◽

Relational Reasoning ◽

Dual Systems ◽

First Order ◽

Reasoning System ◽

Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

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Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19000979 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Penny Van Bergen ◽

John Sutton

Keyword(s):

Episodic Memory ◽

Autobiographical Memory ◽

Developmental Psychology ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Memory Development ◽

Development Research ◽

Cultural Research ◽

New Directions ◽

Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

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Construction of plastic contact deformation maps on ceramics: a case study on aluminum nitride

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100165641 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 636-637

Author(s):

D. L. Callahan

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Aluminum Nitride ◽

Mechanical Response ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Bright Field Image ◽

Perfectly Plastic ◽

Contrast Analysis ◽

Deformation Patterns

Modern polishing, precision machining and microindentation techniques allow the processing and mechanical characterization of ceramics at nanometric scales and within entirely plastic deformation regimes. The mechanical response of most ceramics to such highly constrained contact is not predictable from macroscopic properties and the microstructural deformation patterns have proven difficult to characterize by the application of any individual technique. In this study, TEM techniques of contrast analysis and CBED are combined with stereographic analysis to construct a three-dimensional microstructure deformation map of the surface of a perfectly plastic microindentation on macroscopically brittle aluminum nitride.The bright field image in Figure 1 shows a lg Vickers microindentation contained within a single AlN grain far from any boundaries. High densities of dislocations are evident, particularly near facet edges but are not individually resolvable. The prominent bend contours also indicate the severity of plastic deformation. Figure 2 is a selected area diffraction pattern covering the entire indentation area.

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