scholarly journals A-12 Differential Effects of Symptom Clusters at Baseline on Cognitive Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-608
Author(s):  
A Datoc ◽  
L Issac ◽  
R Bennett ◽  
L Lashley
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Symptom Clusters ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Archival Database ◽  
Composite Scores

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of self-reported affective, sleep, and vestibular-somatic symptomatology on cognitive performance at baseline as measured by ImPACT. Method Participants were selected from a de-identified archival database of high school athletes aged 13–18. Symptom clusters included affective (N = 435, 61.7% female, Mage = 15.46), sleep (N = 435, 53.8% female, Mage = 15.49), and vestibular-somatic (N = 435, 52.2% male, Mage = 15.31). Three One-Way ANOVAs compared baseline composite scores between athletes who reported varying levels of symptomatology within each symptom cluster. Athletes were divided into groups based on their reported symptoms: None (n = 145), Mild (n = 145), and Moderate/Severe (n = 145). Significance was found at p = 0.01. Results No significant relationship between self-reported affective or sleep symptomatology and cognitive performance was observed. A significant relationship was shown between self-reported vestibular-somatic symptomatology regarding the Visual-Motor composite [F (2,432) = 5.925, p = .003]. Bonferroni pairwise comparisons revealed athletes with no reported vestibular-somatic symptoms performed significantly better on Visual-Motor tasks than those with Mild and Moderate/Severe symptoms. Conclusions These results may assist in the understanding of the influence of symptoms reported by athletes’ post-concussion. While those with varying levels of vestibular-somatic symptomatology were found to have significantly different performance on Visual-Motor tasks, this cluster of symptoms was not found to impact other domains of cognitive functioning. The influence of symptoms on cognitive performance likely varies between individual athletes, which can have implications on return-to-play decisions. This highlights the critical need for an individualized approach to be utilized when evaluating athletes post-concussion considering the current literature to date.

scholarly journals Cognitive dispersion and ApoEe4 genotype predict dementia diagnosis in 8-year follow-up of the oldest-old

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tam Watermeyer ◽  
Jantje Goerdten ◽  
Boo Johansson ◽  
Graciela Muniz-Terrera
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Dementia Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Dementia Incidence ◽  
Composite Scores

Abstract Background Cognitive dispersion, or inconsistencies in performance across cognitive domains, has been posited as a cost-effective tool to predict conversion to dementia in older adults. However, there is a dearth of studies exploring cognitive dispersion in the oldest-old (>80 years) and its relationship to dementia incidence. Objective The main aim of this study was to examine whether higher cognitive dispersion at baseline was associated with dementia incidence within an 8-year follow-up of very old adults, while controlling for established risk factors and suggested protective factors for dementia. Methods Participants (n = 468) were from the Origins of Variance in the Old-Old: Octogenarian Twins study, based on the Swedish Twin Registry. Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the association between baseline cognitive dispersion scores and dementia incidence, while controlling for sociodemographic variables, ApoEe4 carrier status, co-morbidities, zygosity and lifestyle engagement scores. An additional model included a composite of average cognitive performance. Results Cognitive dispersion and ApoEe4 were significantly associated with dementia diagnosis. These variables remained statistically significant when global cognitive performance was entered into the model. Likelihood ratio tests revealed that cognitive dispersion and cognitive composite scores entered together in the same model was superior to either predictor alone in the full model. Conclusions The study underscores the usefulness of cognitive dispersion metrics for dementia prediction in the oldest-old and highlights the influence of ApoEe4 on cognition in very late age. Our findings concur with others suggesting that health and lifestyle factors pose little impact upon cognition in very advanced age.

Driving and dish-washing: Failure of the correspondence metaphor for memory

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-198
Author(s):  
Keith S. Karn ◽  
Gregory J. Zelinsky
Keyword(s):  
Motor Tasks ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Past Event ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Natural Tasks ◽  
Coupled Memory

AbstractKoriat & Goldsmith restrict their definition of memory to “being about some past event,” which causes them to ignore the most common use of memory: everyday visual-motor tasks. New techniques make it possible to study memory in the context of these natural tasks with which memory is so tightly coupled. Memory can be more fully understood in the context of these actions.

Childhood Chronic Illness and Visual Motor Perceptual Development

1969 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde W. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
Reading Difficulty ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Perceptual Development ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Childhood Chronic Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Visual Motor

The visual motor perceptual development of 47 second grade children having a history of chronic illness was investigated. Relationships between factors associated with the chronic illness and visual perceptual development are cited and discussed. The results suggest that children having a history of chronic illness perform significantly below expected levels on visual motor tasks and experience early reading difficulty.

Return-to-play probabilities following new versus recurrent ankle sprains in high school athletes

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Medina McKeon ◽  
Heather M. Bush ◽  
Ashley Reed ◽  
Angela Whittington ◽  
Timothy L. Uhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
High School Athletes

scholarly journals Estimated age of first exposure to American football and outcome from concussion

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (14 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S6.3-S7
Author(s):  
Jaclyn Caccese ◽  
Zac Houck ◽  
Thomas Kaminski ◽  
James Clugston ◽  
Grant Iverson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Symptom Recovery ◽  
Composite Scores

ObjectiveTo examine the association between estimated age of first exposure (eAFE) to American football and clinical measures throughout recovery following concussion.BackgroundIn collegiate football players, we reported no association between eAFE and baseline neurocognitive function. It is possible that neurocognitive deficits from earlier eAFE to American football, if present, are sufficiently compensated for in otherwise healthy individuals, but when faced with concussion, earlier eAFE may associate with longer symptom recovery, worse cognitive performance, or greater psychological distress.Design/MethodsParticipants were recruited as part of the NCAA–DoD Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium. There were 340 NCAA football players (age = 18.9 ± 1.4 years) who were evaluated 24–48 hours following concussion and had valid baseline data and 360 (age = 19.0 ± 1.3 years) who were evaluated at the time they were asymptomatic and had valid baseline data. Participants sustained a medically-diagnosed concussion between baseline testing and post-concussion assessments. Outcome measures included the number of days until asymptomatic, Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) composite scores, Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18) sub-scores, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores. The eAFE was defined as the participant’s age at the time of assessment minus the self-reported number of years playing football.ResultsResults of generalized linear modeling suggested that younger eAFE was only associated with lower (better) BSI-18 Somatization (estimate = 0.046, p = 0.046, CI = 0.001–0.091) and BSI-18 Anxiety sub-scores (estimate = 0.053, p = 0.039, CI = 0.003–0.104) at 24–48 hours. The eAFE was not associated with days until asymptomatic, ImPACT composite scores, HADS scores, or other BSI-18 sub-scores.ConclusionsEarlier eAFE to football was not associated with longer symptom recovery, worse cognitive performance, or greater psychological distress following concussion. Longer duration of exposure to football during childhood and adolescence appears to be unrelated to clinical recovery following concussion.

scholarly journals Assessment and Management of Sport-Related Concussions in United States High Schools

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2304-2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Meehan ◽  
Pierre d’Hemecourt ◽  
Christy L. Collins ◽  
R. Dawn Comstock
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High School ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Medical Studies ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Medical Provider

Background: Little existing data describe which medical professionals and which medical studies are used to assess sport-related concussions in high school athletes. Purpose: To describe the medical providers and medical studies used when assessing sport-related concussions. To determine the effects of medical provider type on timing of return to play, frequency of imaging, and frequency of neuropsychological testing. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: All concussions recorded by the High School Reporting Information Online (HS RIO) injury surveillance system during the 2009 to 2010 academic year were included. χ2 analyses were conducted for categorical variables. Fisher exact test was used for nonparametric data. Logistic regression analyses were used when adjusting for potential confounders. Statistical significance was considered for P < .05. Results: The HS RIO recorded 1056 sport-related concussions, representing 14.6% of all injuries. Most (94.4%) concussions were assessed by athletic trainers (ATs), 58.8% by a primary care physician. Few concussions were managed by specialists. The assessment of 21.2% included computed tomography. Computerized neuropsychological testing was used for 41.2%. For 50.1%, a physician decided when to return the athlete to play; for 46.2%, the decision was made by an AT. After adjusting for potential confounders, no associations between timing of return to play and the type of provider (physician vs AT) deciding to return the athlete to play were found. Conclusion: Concussions account for nearly 15% of all sport-related injuries in high school athletes. The timing of return to play after a sport-related concussion is similar regardless of whether the decision to return the athlete to play is made by a physician or an AT. When a medical doctor is involved, most concussions are assessed by primary care physicians as opposed to subspecialists. Computed tomography is obtained during the assessment of 1 of every 5 concussions occurring in high school athletes.

Reconsidering outdoor temperature and cognition in multiple sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon L Roberg ◽  
Jared M Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Outdoor Temperature ◽  
Disease Manifestation

Background: Research in multiple sclerosis (MS) suggests warmer weather plays a role in disease manifestation. Objective: This work sought to replicate the finding that warmer outdoor temperatures are significantly associated with poorer cognition in MS. Methods: Associations between outdoor temperature and cognition were examined in three studies with a total of 263 patients with MS. Results: Contrary to previous research, no significant relationship was found between cognitive performance and outdoor temperature in MS. Conclusions: The results of the current work underscore the need to better understand if, when, and how cognitive performance may be influenced by seasonal variables in MS.

scholarly journals The Effect of Olive Leaf Extract on Upper Respiratory Illness in High School Athletes: A Randomised Control Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaughan Somerville ◽  
Rachel Moore ◽  
Andrea Braakhuis
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Olive Leaf Extract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Upper respiratory illness (URI) has a major impact on both training and competition in an athletic setting. High school athletes are a sub-category who have reported higher illness rates than professional and sub-elite high school athletes of the same sport. Olive leaf extract (OLE) is an over-the-counter supplement that contains polyphenols, notably oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, that have antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may reduce URI rates. Thirty-two high school students who play sport for the elite team at their school were recruited to a randomised controlled trial and allocated to a daily placebo or OLE (extent equivalent to 20 g of olive leaf, containing 100 mg oleuropein) supplementation for nine weeks during their competitive season. Twice weekly measures of wellbeing, training load and respiratory illness (sporting upper respiratory illness (SUPPRESS) questionnaire) were recorded at trainings, meetings or games. There was no significant difference in illness incidence (odds ratio (OR): 1.02 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21–4.44)), but there was a significant 28% reduction in sick days (OR: 0.72 (95% CI 0.56–0.93) p-value = 0.02) when supplemented with OLE. The dietary intakes of the athletes were sub-optimal with regard to immune support. OLE supplementation over a season did not significantly reduce URI incidence, but did decrease duration in high school athletes, potentially aiding return to play.

Differential Effect of Recurrent Concussions on Symptom Clusters in Sport Concussion Assessment Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 735-739
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Bruce Oddson ◽  
Heather C. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Clusters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sport Concussion ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
The Impact

Context: Symptom checklist in Sport Concussion Assessment Tool has been widely used in preseason assessment and in concussion diagnosis, but the impact of prior concussions on the graded symptoms after a new concussion has not been evaluated. Objective: This study was undertaken to examine reported symptoms associated with recurrent concussions using data of a comprehensive survey among athletes. Design: Retrospective survey and cross-sectional study. Setting: College athletes. Participants: Student athletes who sustained one or more concussions. Main Outcome Measures: Concussion history and graded symptoms of the most recent concussion at time of the survey were surveyed. The impact of prior concussions was examined over symptoms and aggregated symptoms. Results: Multiple concussions were associated with greater reporting of individual symptoms related to emotion and physical symptoms of sensitivity to light and noise: more emotional (z = 2.3, P = .02); sadness (z = 2.4, P = .02); nervousness (z = 2.4, P = .02); irritability (z = 3.6, P = .01); sensitivity to light (z = 2.6, P = .01); and sensitivity to noise (z = 2.4, P = .04). The composite scores of emotional symptom and sensitivity symptom clusters were significantly higher: t = 2.68 (P < .01) and t = 3.35 (P < .01), respectively. Conclusions: The significant rises in emotional and sensitivity symptoms may be an important additive effect of concussive injury. Closer attention should be given to these symptom clusters when evaluating concussion injury and recovery.

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