Isolation and characterization of neuroprotective lignans from salted Aconiti lateralis Radix Praeparata

Abstract Six lignans (1-6) were isolated from salted Aconiti lateralis Radix Praeparata for the first time. These isolates were elucidated as hedyotisol-A (1), (7“R,8”R)-8“-syringaresinol-4”-hydroxy-3“,5”-dimethoxyphenyl-7“,9”-propanediol (2), lariciresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), (7S,8S)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-7,8-(2′,1′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)phenyl-propanetriol (4), (+)-isolariciresinol (5), and (+)-lyoniresinol (6) by analyzing extensive and comprehensive spectral data and compared with the data described in the literature, respectively. Compounds (1-6) were evaluated for their neuroprotective activities against corticosterone-induced cell death in PC12 cells with desipramine as the positive control drug. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate neuroprotective activities, which increased the survival rates of PC12 cells from 45.50 ± 2.23% to 65.98 ± 1.29%, 58.19 ± 2.94% at 10 μM, respectively.

Isolation and characterization of a new cold-active protease from psychrotrophic bacteria of Western Himalayan glacial soil

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92197-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Saleem Farooq ◽

Ruqeya Nazir ◽

Shabir Ahmad Ganai ◽

Bashir Ahmad Ganai

Keyword(s):

Specific Activity ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽

Cold Active ◽

Active Protease ◽

Quantitative Screening ◽

First Time ◽

Low K

AbstractAs an approach to the exploration of cold-active enzymes, in this study, we isolated a cold-active protease produced by psychrotrophic bacteria from glacial soils of Thajwas Glacier, Himalayas. The isolated strain BO1, identified as Bacillus pumilus, grew well within a temperature range of 4–30 °C. After its qualitative and quantitative screening, the cold-active protease (Apr-BO1) was purified. The Apr-BO1 had a molecular mass of 38 kDa and showed maximum (37.02 U/mg) specific activity at 20 °C, with casein as substrate. It was stable and active between the temperature range of 5–35 °C and pH 6.0–12.0, with an optimum temperature of 20 °C at pH 9.0. The Apr-BO1 had low Km value of 1.0 mg/ml and Vmax 10.0 µmol/ml/min. Moreover, it displayed better tolerance to organic solvents, surfactants, metal ions and reducing agents than most alkaline proteases. The results exhibited that it effectively removed the stains even in a cold wash and could be considered a decent detergent additive. Furthermore, through protein modelling, the structure of this protease was generated from template, subtilisin E of Bacillus subtilis (PDB ID: 3WHI), and different methods checked its quality. For the first time, this study reported the protein sequence for psychrotrophic Apr-BO1 and brought forth its novelty among other cold-active proteases.

Characterization of a Novel Fructosyltransferase from Lactobacillus reuteri That Synthesizes High-Molecular-Weight Inulin and Inulin Oligosaccharides

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.68.9.4390-4398.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 68 (9) ◽

pp. 4390-4398 ◽

Cited By ~ 104

Author(s):

S. A. F. T. van Hijum ◽

G. H. van Geel-Schutten ◽

H. Rahaoui ◽

M. J. E. C. van der Maarel ◽

L. Dijkhuizen

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

High Molecular Weight ◽

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Potential Health ◽

A Cell ◽

Encoding Gene ◽

ABSTRACT Fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes produce fructose polymers (fructans) from sucrose. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of an FTF-encoding gene from Lactobacillus reuteri strain 121. A C-terminally truncated version of the ftf gene was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. When incubated with sucrose, the purified recombinant FTF enzyme produced large amounts of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) with β-(2→1)-linked fructosyl units, plus a high-molecular-weight fructan polymer (>107) with β-(2→1) linkages (an inulin). FOS, but not inulin, was found in supernatants of L. reuteri strain 121 cultures grown on medium containing sucrose. Bacterial inulin production has been reported for only Streptococcus mutans strains. FOS production has been reported for a few bacterial strains. This paper reports the first-time isolation and molecular characterization of (i) a Lactobacillus ftf gene, (ii) an inulosucrase associated with a generally regarded as safe bacterium, (iii) an FTF enzyme synthesizing both a high molecular weight inulin and FOS, and (iv) an FTF protein containing a cell wall-anchoring LPXTG motif. The biological relevance and potential health benefits of an inulosucrase associated with an L. reuteri strain remain to be established.

Isolation and Characterization of Crotosparsamide, a New Cyclic Nonapeptide from Croton sparsiflorus

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1000501209 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 1934578X1000501 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rashad Mehmood ◽

Abdul Malik

Keyword(s):

Spectroscopic Data ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Spectral Studies ◽

Crotosparsamide (1), a new cyclic nonapeptide, has been isolated from the n-butanol soluble sub-fraction of Croton sparsiflorus along with p-hydroxy methylcinnamate and kaempferol, which are reported for the first time from this species. Their structures were determined by chemical and spectral studies including ESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data.

Biflavonoids from the Unripe Fruits of Clusia Paralicola and their Antioxidant Activity

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1200701215 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rafaela Ferreira Oliveira ◽

Celso Amorim Camara ◽

Maria de Fátima Agra ◽

Tania Maria Sarmento Silva

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Spectral Data ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Cd Spectra ◽

Total Extract ◽

Β Carotene ◽

Unripe Fruits

Investigation of the green fruits of Clusia paralicola (Clusiaceae) led to the isolation and characterization of two 3,8″-biflavonoids, 2R, 3S, 2″R, 3″R-GB1-7″- O-β-glucoside (1) and 2R, 3S, 2″R, 3,8″-binaringenin-7″-O-β-glucoside (2), together with four known compounds: β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, β-amyrin, and epicatechin. The structures were established from the IR, LC-ESI-MS and NMR spectral data, including 2D-NMR experiments. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by CD spectra. The total extract and the biflavonoids demonstrated significant antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, and β-carotene/linoleic acid tests.

The Quest for Phenolic Compounds from Macroalgae: A Review of Extraction and Identification Methodologies

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom9120847 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 847 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sónia A. O. Santos ◽

Rafael Félix ◽

Adriana C. S. Pais ◽

Sílvia M. Rocha ◽

Armando J. D. Silvestre

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Mass Spectrometry Data ◽

Brown Macroalgae ◽

Analytical Strategies ◽

Critical Revision ◽

Identification Techniques ◽

The current interest of the scientific community for the exploitation of high-value compounds from macroalgae is related to the increasing knowledge of their biological activities and health benefits. Macroalgae phenolic compounds, particularly phlorotannins, have gained particular attention due to their specific bioactivities, including antioxidant, antiproliferative, or antidiabetic. Notwithstanding, the characterization of macroalgae phenolic compounds is a multi-step task, with high challenges associated with their isolation and characterization, due to the highly complex and polysaccharide-rich matrix of macroalgae. Therefore, this fraction is far from being fully explored. In fact, a critical revision of the extraction and characterization methodologies already used in the analysis of phenolic compounds from macroalgae is lacking in the literature, and it is of uttermost importance to compile validated methodologies and discourage misleading practices. The aim of this review is to discuss the state-of-the-art of phenolic compounds already identified in green, red, and brown macroalgae, reviewing their structural classification, as well as critically discussing extraction methodologies, chromatographic separation techniques, and the analytical strategies for their characterization, including information about structural identification techniques and key spectroscopic profiles. For the first time, mass spectrometry data of phlorotannins, a chemical family quite exclusive of macroalgae, is compiled and discussed.

Isolation and Characterization of Transcripts Induced by Androgen Withdrawal and Apoptotic Cell Death in the Rat Ventral Prostate

Molecular Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/mend-5-10-1381 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 1381-1388 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Margaret M. Briehl ◽

Roger L. Miesfeld

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Apoptotic Cell ◽

Apoptotic Cell Death ◽

Ventral Prostate ◽

Rat Ventral Prostate ◽

Androgen Withdrawal

Isolation and Characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans Spores Reveal a Critical Role for Capsule Biosynthesis Genes in Spore Biogenesis

Eukaryotic Cell ◽

10.1128/ec.00352-08 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 595-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Michael R. Botts ◽

Steven S. Giles ◽

Marcellene A. Gates ◽

Thomas R. Kozel ◽

Christina M. Hull

Keyword(s):

Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Critical Role ◽

Spore Formation ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Specific Configuration ◽

ABSTRACT Spores are essential particles for the survival of many organisms, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Among the eukaryotes, fungi have developed spores with superior resistance and dispersal properties. For the human fungal pathogens, however, relatively little is known about the role that spores play in dispersal and infection. Here we present the purification and characterization of spores from the environmental fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. For the first time, we purified spores to homogeneity and assessed their morphological, stress resistance, and surface properties. We found that spores are morphologically distinct from yeast cells and are covered with a thick spore coat. Spores are also more resistant to environmental stresses than yeast cells and display a spore-specific configuration of polysaccharides on their surfaces. Surprisingly, we found that the surface of the spore reacts with antibodies to the polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan, the most abundant component of the polysaccharide capsule required for C. neoformans virulence. We explored the role of capsule polysaccharide in spore development by assessing spore formation in a series of acapsular strains and determined that capsule biosynthesis genes are required for proper sexual development and normal spore formation. Our findings suggest that C. neoformans spores may have an adapted cell surface that facilitates persistence in harsh environments and ultimately allows them to infect mammalian hosts.

Isolation and Characterization of a Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacterium Pseudochrobactrum sp. PSB13 from Petroleum-Contaminated Drill Cuttings

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.407 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 407-410

Author(s):

Li Bin Zhao ◽

Xin Xin Wang ◽

Chen Li ◽

Yu Chen ◽

Wei An ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drilling Process ◽

Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽

Phenotypic Characteristics ◽

Drill Cuttings ◽

16S Rdna Sequence ◽

Bacterium Strain ◽

Phosphate Solubilizing ◽

Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were extensively studied in many environment. However, little is known about them in drill cuttings, as wastes from drilling process. A phosphate-solubilizing bacterium strain PSB13 was isolated from petroleum-contaminated drill cuttings. This strain was identified asPseudochrobactrumsp. based on its 16S rDNA sequence and phenotypic characteristics. This strain could solubilize 97.6 μg/ml phosphates in 6 days when grown in NBRIP liquid medium. The increase in solubilization of phosphate coincided with the drop in pH, which indicates organic acid was responsible for the phosphate-solubilization. Phosphate-solubilizing bacterium was reported in drill cuttings for the first time, which suggests its potential in the bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated drill cuttings.

Isolation and Characterization of a New Subtype of Borna Disease Virus

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.74.12.5655-5658.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 74 (12) ◽

pp. 5655-5658 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Norbert Nowotny ◽

Jolanta Kolodziejek ◽

Christian O. Jehle ◽

Angelika Suchy ◽

Peter Staeheli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Virus ◽

Single Type ◽

The Novel ◽

Borna Disease Virus ◽

Diagnostic Assays ◽

First Time ◽

Reference Strains ◽

Borna Disease

ABSTRACT Borna disease virus (BDV), the causative agent of severe meningoencephalitis in a wide variety of animal species, has been considered to be genetically invariable and to form a single type within the genus Bornavirus of the familyBornaviridae. BDV infections are of particular interest, because for the first time a virus infection appears to be linked to human psychiatric disorders. We now describe a new subtype of BDV isolated from a horse which was euthanatized due to severe, incurable neurological disease. The nucleotide sequence of this new strain, named No/98, differs from the reference strains by more than 15%, and the subtype is difficult to detect by standard reverse transcriptase PCR protocols. The nucleotide exchanges of the novel BDV isolate have surprisingly little effect on the primary structures of most viral proteins, with the notable exception of the X protein (p10), which is only 81% identical to its counterpart in reference strains. Our data indicate that the genome of BDV is far more variable than previously assumed and that naturally occurring subtypes may escape detection by currently used diagnostic assays.

Isolation and characterization of a rare group A rotavirus G13P[18] strain from a diarrhoeic foal in Japan

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/jgv.0.001437 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 101 (8) ◽

pp. 800-805

Author(s):

Manabu Nemoto ◽

Hidekazu Niwa ◽

Hiroshi Kida ◽

Tohru Higuchi ◽

Yasuhiro Orita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Group A Rotavirus ◽

Genotype Constellation ◽

Group A ◽

First Time ◽

Rare Group

A rare genotype G13P[18] group A rotavirus (RVA/Horse-tc/JPN/MK9/2019/G13P[18]) was isolated from a diarrhoeic foal for the first time in 28 years. The genotype constellation of the virus was assigned to G13-P[18]-I6-R9-C9-M6-A6-N9-T12-E14-H11 and was the same as that of the first isolated strain, RVA/Horse-tc/GBR/L338/1991/G13P[18]. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the virus is related to RVA/Horse-tc/GBR/L338/1991/G13P[18] and is distant from typical equine rotaviruses of the G3P[12] and G14P[12] genotypes.