13 Medical Students’ Mood Adversely Affected By COVID-19 Pandemic: An Interim Analysis from the SPICE-19 Prospective Cohort Study Of 2075 Medical Students and Interim Foundation Doctors

Abstract Introduction In order to appropriately support medical students and foundation year doctors, it is imperative that we understand the impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had upon them. This study assessed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students and interim foundation year doctors across the United Kingdom (UK), and the support that they received and sought. Method A prospective, observational, multicentre study was conducted. All medical students and interim foundation year doctors were eligible to participate. Results A total of 2075 individuals participated. There was a decrease in participants’ mood when comparing their mood before the pandemic to during the pandemic (p < 0.0001). Social distancing negatively impacted the mood of the greatest number of participants. All areas of life included in the study were found to have been significantly more negatively impacted than positively impacted (p < 0.0001). 931 participants wanted more support from their university. Conclusions When medical students return to their universities, there is likely to be a need for enhanced wellbeing support, adaptations in the short-term and long-term strategies for medical education, and provision of financial guidance. If no action is taken, there may be a knock-on effect on workforce planning and the health of our future workforce.

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Medical students’ mood adversely affected by COVID-19 pandemic: An interim analysis from the SPICE-19 prospective cohort study of 2075 medical students and interim foundation doctors

10.21203/rs.3.rs-40503/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Soham Bandyopadhyay ◽

Ioannis Georgiou ◽

Bibire Baykeens ◽

Conor S Gillespie ◽

Marta de Andres Crespo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

A Priori ◽

Workforce Planning ◽

Short Term ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Exam Preparation ◽

Course Material ◽

The Impact ◽

Exam Preparation Course

Abstract Background:Currently, we can only speculate on what the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been on medical students and interim foundation year doctors. In order to support them appropriately both now and, in the future, it is imperative that we understand the impact it has had upon them. This study assessed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students and interim foundation year doctors across the United Kingdom (UK), and the support that they received and sought. Methods:A prospective, observational, multicentre study was conducted. All medical students and interim foundation year doctors were eligible to participate. The data analysis was carried out as detailed a priori in the protocol. Findings:A total of 2075 individuals participated in the SPICE-19 survey from 33 medical schools. There was a significant (p < 0.0001) decrease in participants’ mood when comparing their mood before the pandemic to during the pandemic. Social distancing and more time at home/with family were the factors that negatively and positively respectively impacted the mood of the greatest number of participants. All areas of life included in the survey were found to have been significantly more negatively impacted than positively impacted (p < 0.0001). 931 participants wanted more support from their university. Participants were mainly seeking support with exam preparation, course material, and financial guidance. Discussion:Medical and foundation schools need to prepare adequate and effective support. If no action is taken, there may be a knock-on effect on workforce planning and the health of our future workforce. When medical students return to their universities, there is likely to be need for enhanced wellbeing support, adaptations in the short-term and long-term strategies for medical education, and provision of financial guidance.

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P79 Medical students’ mood adversely affected by COVID-19 pandemic: An interim analysis from the SPICE-19 prospective cohort study of 2075 medical students and interim foundation doctors

BJS Open ◽

10.1093/bjsopen/zrab032.078 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Soham Bandyopadhyay ◽

Ioannis Georgiou ◽

Bibire Baykeens ◽

Conor S Gillespie ◽

Marta de Andres Crespo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

A Priori ◽

Workforce Planning ◽

Short Term ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Exam Preparation ◽

Course Material ◽

The Impact ◽

Exam Preparation Course

Abstract Background Currently, we can only speculate on what the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been on medical students and interim foundation year doctors. In order to support them appropriately both now and, in the future, it is imperative that we understand the impact it has had upon them. This study assessed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students and interim foundation year doctors across the United Kingdom (UK), and the support that they received and sought. Methods A prospective, observational, multicentre study was conducted. All medical students and interim foundation year doctors were eligible to participate. The data analysis was carried out as detailed a priori in the protocol. Findings A total of 2075 individuals participated in the SPICE-19 survey from 33 medical schools. There was a significant (p < 0.0001) decrease in participants’ mood when comparing their mood before the pandemic to during the pandemic. Social distancing and more time at home/with family were the factors that negatively and positively respectively impacted the mood of the greatest number of participants. All areas of life included in the survey were found to have been significantly more negatively impacted than positively impacted (p < 0.0001). 931 participants wanted more support from their university. Participants were mainly seeking support with exam preparation, course material, and financial guidance. Discussion Medical and foundation schools need to prepare adequate and effective support. If no action is taken, there may be a knock-on effect on workforce planning and the health of our future workforce. When medical students return to their universities, there is likely to be need for enhanced wellbeing support, adaptations in the short-term and long-term strategies for medical education, and provision of financial guidance.

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Short-term outcomes and long-term impact of a programme in medical education for medical students

Medical Education ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03273.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 260-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Pamela B Andreatta ◽

Miranda L Hillard ◽

Margaret Ann Murphy ◽

Larry D Gruppen ◽

Patricia B Mullan

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Short Term ◽

Long Term Impact

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Association of vascular access flow with short-term and long-term mortality in chronic haemodialysis patients: a retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017035 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. e017035 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chung-Kuan Wu ◽

Chia-Lin Wu ◽

Chia-Hsun Lin ◽

Jyh-Gang Leu ◽

Chew-Teng Kor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Vascular Access ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Rank Test ◽

Chronic Haemodialysis ◽

Short Term ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

The Impact ◽

Vascular Mortality

ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of vascular access flow (Qa) on vascular and all-cause mortality in chronic haemodialysis (HD) patients.DesignObservational cohort study.SettingSingle centre.ParticipantsAdult chronic HD patients at the HD unit of Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2003 were recruited. Patients were excluded if they had arteriovenous fistula or arteriovenous graft failure within 3 months before the date of Qa measurement, were aged <18 years and had Qa levels of ≥2000mL/min. A total of 378 adult chronic HD patients were eventually enrolled for the study.InterventionsThe selected patients were evaluated with Qa and cardiac index (CI). They were divided into four groups according to three Qa cut-off points (500, 1000 and 1500 mL/min).Primary and secondary outcome measuresShort-term and long-term vascular (cardiovascular or cerebrovascular) and all-cause mortality.ResultsQa was positively correlated with CI (r=0.48, p<0.001). A Qa level of <1000 mL/min was independently associated with 1-year all-cause mortality (adjusted OR, 6.04; 95% CI 1.64 to 22.16; p=0.007). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the cumulative incidence rates of all-cause and vascular mortality were significantly higher in the patients with a Qa level of <1000 mL/min (log-rank test; all p<0.01). Furthermore, a Qa level of <1000 mL/min was independently associated with long-term all-cause mortality (adjusted HR, 1.62; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.37; p=0.013); however, the risk of vascular mortality did not significantly increase after adjustment for confounders.ConclusionsQa is moderately correlated with cardiac function, and a Qa level of <1000 mL/min is an independent risk factor for both short-term and long-term all-cause mortality in chronic HD patients.

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The Impact of World Ranking Systems on Graduate Schools of Business: Promoting the Manipulation of Image over the Management of Substance

World Journal of Education ◽

10.5430/wje.v7n3p62 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 62 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kent V. Rondeau

Keyword(s):

Business Schools ◽

The United States ◽

Public Image ◽

Short Term ◽

Scarce Resources ◽

League Tables ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Ranking Systems ◽

The Impact

This essay explores and examines how rankings and league tables have played (and continue to play) a major andconsequential role in how contemporary business schools manage their affairs. It introduces and advances theproposition that rankings promote the short-term manipulation of public reputation (image) projected by businessschools at the expense of the long-term investments in quality improvement. When schools shift scarce resources toactions aimed at enhancing their public image in the short-term, the consequences for the quality of the professionaleducation is significantly compromised in the long-term to the detriment of the constituencies that they serve. Whilethis paper focuses mainly on business schools in the United States and Canada, where this author has experiencedthese consequences first-hand, the effects are similar if perhaps less dramatic, for those professional businessprograms located in higher education institutions operating in the United Kingdom and Europe. While rankingsystems are not going away anytime soon, some potential ways are identified for business schools to escape thedeleterious and perverse effects of being captive players in the deadly rankings game.

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SUMBER-SUMBER RESILIENSI PADA REMAJA AKHIR YANG MENGALAMI KEKERASAN DARI ORANGTUA PADA MASA KANAK-KANAK

Psibernetika ◽

10.30813/psibernetika.v11i1.1161 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Devina Calista ◽

Garvin Garvin

Keyword(s):

Late Adolescents ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Parental Affection ◽

Resilience Factors ◽

Childhood Violence ◽

Past Experiences ◽

The Impact ◽

Depth Interviews

Child abuse by parents is common in households. The impact of violence on children will bring short-term effects and long-term effects that can be attributed to their various emotional, behavioral and social problems in the future; especially in late adolescence that will enter adulthood. Resilience factors increase the likelihood that adolescents who are victims of childhood violence recover from their past experiences, become more powerful individuals and have a better life. The purpose of this study was to determine the source of resilience in late adolescents who experienced violence from parents in their childhood. This research uses qualitative research methods with in-depth interviews as a method of data collection. The result shows that the three research participants have the aspects of "I Have", "I Am", and "I Can"; a participant has "I Can" aspects as a source of resilience, and one other subject has no source of resilience. The study concluded that parental affection and acceptance of the past experience have role to the three sources of resilience (I Have, I Am, and I Can) Keyword : Resilience, adolescence, violence, parents

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Graduate Medical Education in Otolaryngology: Making Dollars and Sense of Reform

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/01945998211004263 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 019459982110042

Author(s):

Jenny X. Chen ◽

Shivani A. Shah ◽

Vinay K. Rathi ◽

Mark A. Varvares ◽

Stacey T. Gray

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Graduate Medical Education ◽

Resident Training ◽

Short Term ◽

Graduate Medical ◽

Departmental Leadership ◽

Key Stakeholders ◽

The Face ◽

Funding Cuts

Graduate medical education (GME) is funded by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services through both direct and indirect payments. In recent years, stakeholders have raised concerns about the growth of spending on GME and distribution of payment among hospitals. Key stakeholders have proposed reforms to reduce GME funding such as adjustments to statutory payment formulas and absolute caps on annual payments per resident. Otolaryngology departmental leadership should understand the potential effects of proposed reforms, which could have significant implications for the short-term financial performance and the long-term specialty workforce. Although some hospitals and departments may elect to reduce resident salaries or eliminate positions in the face of GME funding cuts, this approach overlooks the substantial Medicare revenue contributed by resident care and high cost of alternative labor sources. Commitment to resident training is necessary to align both the margin and mission of otolaryngology departments and their sponsoring hospitals.

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The impact of integrating environmental health into medical school curricula: a survey-based study

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-020-02458-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin Kligler ◽

Genevieve Pinto Zipp ◽

Carmela Rocchetti ◽

Michelle Secic ◽

Erin Speiser Ihde

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Medical School ◽

Environmental Health ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Learning Objectives ◽

Lead Contamination ◽

Institute Of Medicine ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Inclusion of environmental health (EH) in medical education serves as a catalyst for preparing future physicians to address issues as complex as climate change and health, water pollution and lead contamination. However, previous research has found EH education to be largely lacking in U.S. medical education, putting future physicians at risk of not having the expertise to address patients’ environmental illnesses, nor speak to prevention. Methods Environmental health (EH) knowledge and skills were incorporated into the first-year medical school curriculum at Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine (Nutley, New Jersey), via a two-hour interactive large group learning module with follow up activities. Students completed the Environmental Health in Med School (EHMS) survey before and after the year 1 EH module. This survey evaluates medical students’ attitudes, awareness and professionalism regarding environmental health. In year 2, students completed the Environmental Health Survey II, which measured students’ perceptions of preparedness to discuss EH with future patients. The research team created both surveys based upon learning objectives that broadly aligned with the Institute of Medicine six competency-based environmental health learning objectives. Results 36 year 1 students completed both the pre and post EHMS surveys. McNemar’s test was used for paired comparisons. Results identified no statistically significant changes from pre to post surveys, identifying a dramatic ceiling. When comparing year 2, EHS II pre-survey (n = 84) and post-survey (n = 79) responses, a statistically significant positive change in students’ self-reported sense of preparedness to discuss environmental health with their patients following the curriculum intervention was noted. Conclusions Our conclusion for the EHMS in Year 1 was that the current generation of medical students at this school is already extremely aware of and concerned about the impact of environmental issues on health. Through the EHS II in Year 2, we found that the six-week environmental health module combining didactic and experiential elements significantly increased medical students’ self-reported sense of preparedness to discuss environmental health issues, including climate change, with their patients.

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Does a comprehensive service user-led education programme effect more positive attitudes towards recovery and less stigmatising attitudes towards people with lived experience of mental distress in medical students? A comparative cohort study

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0004867420987886 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000486742098788

Author(s):

Giles Newton-Howes ◽

Jessica Senior ◽

Ben Beaglehole ◽

Gordon L Purdie ◽

Sarah E Gordon

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Medical Students ◽

Lived Experience ◽

Service User ◽

Mental Distress ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Education Programme ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Comprehensive Service ◽

The Impact

Objective: This study sought to investigate the impact of a service user-led anti-stigma and discrimination education programme, encompassing numerous interventions focused on facilitating multiple forms of social contact, the promotion of recovery, and respect for human rights, on medical student attitudes. Method: A comparison cohort study was used to compare the attitudes of two cohorts of medical students who received this programme as part of their fifth (the fifth-year cohort) or sixth (the sixth-year cohort) year psychological medical education attachment (programme cohorts) with two cohorts of equivalent students who received a standard psychological medical attachment (control cohorts). Attitudes to recovery (using the Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire) and stigma (using the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers) were measured at the beginning and end of the attachments for each year and compared both within and between the cohorts using Wilcoxon signed-rank or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results: With sample sizes ranging from 46 to 70 across all cohorts, after their psychological medicine attachment both the programme and control cohorts showed more positive attitudes towards recovery and less stigmatising attitudes towards people with lived experience of mental distress. Significant differences between the programme cohorts and the control cohorts were found for recovery attitudes (median difference of 2, p < 0.05 in both fifth and sixth year), with particularly large differences being found for the ‘recovery is possible and needs faith’ subdomain of the Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire. There were no significant between cohort differences in terms of stigmatising attitudes as measured by the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers. Conclusion: The introduction of a comprehensive service user-led anti-stigma and education programme resulted in significant improvements in recovery attitudes compared to a control cohort. However, it was not found to be similarly superior in facilitating less stigmatising attitudes. Various possible reasons for this are discussed.

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Long-term body mass index changes in overweight and obese adults and the risk of heart failure, cardiovascular disease and mortality: a cohort study of over 260,000 adults in the UK

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10606-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Iyen ◽

Stephen Weng ◽

Yana Vinogradova ◽

Ralph K. Akyea ◽

Nadeem Qureshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Body Mass ◽

World Health ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Bmi Trajectories ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Although obesity is a well-recognised risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the impact of long-term body mass index (BMI) changes in overweight or obese adults, on the risk of heart failure, CVD and mortality has not been quantified. Methods This population-based cohort study used routine UK primary care electronic health data linked to secondary care and death-registry records. We identified adults who were overweight or obese, free from CVD and who had repeated BMI measures. Using group-based trajectory modelling, we examined the BMI trajectories of these individuals and then determined incidence rates of CVD, heart failure and mortality associated with the different trajectories. Cox-proportional hazards regression determined hazards ratios for incident outcomes. Results 264,230 individuals (mean age 49.5 years (SD 12.7) and mean BMI 33.8 kg/m2 (SD 6.1)) were followed-up for a median duration of 10.9 years. Four BMI trajectories were identified, corresponding at baseline, with World Health Organisation BMI classifications for overweight, class-1, class-2 and class-3 obesity respectively. In all four groups, there was a small, stable upwards trajectory in BMI (mean BMI increase of 1.06 kg/m2 (± 3.8)). Compared with overweight individuals, class-3 obese individuals had hazards ratios (HR) of 3.26 (95% CI 2.98–3.57) for heart failure, HR of 2.72 (2.58–2.87) for all-cause mortality and HR of 3.31 (2.84–3.86) for CVD-related mortality, after adjusting for baseline demographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion The majority of adults who are overweight or obese retain their degree of overweight or obesity over the long term. Individuals with stable severe obesity experience the worst heart failure, CVD and mortality outcomes. These findings highlight the high cardiovascular toll exacted by continuing failure to tackle obesity.

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