scholarly journals P62 Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the SeaSHeL study

BJS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Joshi ◽  
Muhammad Ahmed ◽  
Rishi Mandavia ◽  
Nikhil Joshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Patient Recruitment ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
National Cohort ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The SeaSHeL Study is an ongoing national, multi-centre, cohort study investigating Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL). The study is supported by the INTEGRATE ENT Trainee Research Network and the Audiology NIHR Champions, as well as being adopted onto the NIHR Clinical Research Network. It aims to map the pathway of patients with SSNHL, develop a prognostic model to predict recovery of patients with idiopathic SSNHL and establish the impact on patients’ quality of life. Here we summarise the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the study and highlight methods employed to improve data collection. Methods Data collection commenced in October 2019 and as of August 2020, 227 patients have been recruited from 66 registered sites across England. This interim data was analysed. The primary outcome was the change in monthly patient recruitment and site registration. The secondary outcome was the completeness of the dataset. Results Initially, monthly site registration increased to a peak of 31 in December 2019 and monthly patient recruitment increased to a peak of 34 in February 2020. Both levels decreased during the first wave of Covid-19 with 11 patients recruited and 0 sites registered in April 2020. Both levels have been increasing since, with 21 patients recruited and 5 sites registered in August 2020. The dataset of 227 patients has 113 (49.7%) completed records. Conclusions This study represents the largest national cohort study into SSNHL. Despite the Covid-19 pandemic, data collection continued during the first wave and rates are now recovering to pre-Covid-19 levels. Key factors in this recovery are a collaborative research approach involving motivated trainees, an ethics amendment for follow-up data to be collected by telephone and continued engagement of collaborators through regular email correspondence and fortnightly newsletters.

Zmiana modelu zarządzania i nadzoru nad jakością kształcenia w szkolnictwie wyższym. Perspektywa doświadczeń Republiki Federalnej Niemiec

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Szewior
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
University Management ◽  
Strategic Partner ◽  
Higher Education Reforms ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Desk Research

The author focuses on the manner and effects of German higher education reforms that have changed the model of university management. The point of reference is the quality of education and its role, how universities ensure it, and how it is verified through evaluation and accreditation. These elements divide the article into two parts: a part about quality and a part about evaluation and accreditation. The analysis includes the impact of global processes and Europeanization. The research approach is characteristic for public policies, sciences of management and quality. The theories used in this article: the theory of systems and neo-institutionalism, as well as perspectives: the university as an active strategic partner, entrepreneurial university, the third role of universities. The publication is based on desk research and on the analysis of processes.

scholarly journals Parental incarceration affects children’s emotional and behavioral outcomes: A longitudinal cohort study of children aged 9 to 13 years

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542199591
Author(s):  
Daragh Bradshaw ◽  
Ann-Marie Creaven ◽  
Orla T. Muldoon
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Parental Incarceration ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
The Impact

Parental incarceration (PI) is negatively associated with emotional, educational, and psychological child outcomes. However, few studies explore potential mechanisms through which these outcomes are transmitted or the means by which prosocial outcomes might develop. This study used data from two waves of a population cohort study of children aged 9 years and followed up aged 13 years living in Ireland. Children and parents ( N = 8,568) completed measures of PI, primary caregiver (PCG) depression, PCG-child relationship quality, and child behavioral adjustment. We then conducted a secondary analysis on this national longitudinal study of children in Ireland. Using sequential mediation models, we observed a mediated indirect effect of PI on prosocial outcomes via PCG depression and PCG-child relationship quality. PI at age 9 was associated with increased difficulties and reduced prosocial behavior at age 13. Additionally, PI at age 9 affected PCG depression and the PCG-child relationship quality. Additionally, child prosocial outcomes, and emotional and behavioral difficulties were less apparent where PI had a weaker effect on PCG depression and the quality of PCG-child relationship. Supports that can mitigate the impact of PI for vulnerable caregivers and children are discussed.

scholarly journals Meeting Psychosocial Needs to Improve Health: A Prospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austyn Snowden ◽  
Jenny Young ◽  
Jan Savinc
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Cancer Stage ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Cancer impacts on patients and their families across a range of different domains. For that reason, optimal cancer care has moved away from a disease-centric focus to a more holistic approach in order to proactively support people with their individual needs and concerns. While international policy clearly advocates this agenda, implementation into routine care is limited. Therefore, relevant interventions that measurably improve patient outcomes are essential to understand if this ideal is to become routine multidisciplinary practice. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of a proactive, holistic, community-based intervention on health-related quality of life in a cohort of people diagnosed with cancer. Secondary aim was to explore the relationship between changes in health status and: cancer type, cancer stage, number of concerns expressed and change in severity of concerns pre and post intervention. Method Prospective observational cohort study. A convenience sample of 437 individuals were referred to the service ‘Improving the Cancer Journey (ICJ) in the UK. Each completed the Euroqol EQ-5D-3L and visual analogue scale (VAS) and a Holistic Needs Assessment (HNA) during initial visit to the service and again at follow-up review, approximately 4 months later. Change between scores was tested with paired t-tests and relationships between variables with multiple regression models. Results Participants were White British with median age between 50-64 years. Cancer type and stage were varied. There was a statistically significant improvement in EQ-5D scores over time (t(330)=7.48, p<.001). The strongest predictor of change was a decrease in severity of concerns. Cancer stage ‘palliative care’ contributed to a reduction in health status. Conclusion This study is the first to show that a holistic community intervention dedicated to supporting the individual concerns of participants has a statistically and meaningful impact on participants’ health-related quality of life. The mean change in EQ-5D scores was more than the ‘minimally important clinical difference’ described in the literature. This is important because while quality of life has multiple determinants this study has reported that it is possible to capture a meaningful improvement as a function of reducing someone’s personally identified concerns.

scholarly journals Attitudes About COVID-19 and Health: A Mixed-Methods Smartphone-App and Online Survey Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Hood ◽  
Hanne Stotesbury ◽  
Jennifer Murphy ◽  
Melanie Kölbel ◽  
April Slee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Monthly Survey

BACKGROUND Behavioral mitigation strategies to slow the spread of COVID-19 have resulted in sweeping lifestyle changes, with short and long-term psychological, well-being, and quality of life implications. The Attitudes About COVID-19 and Health (ATTACH) study focuses on understanding attitudes and beliefs whilst considering the impact on mental and physical health and the influence of broader demographic and geographic factors on attitudes, beliefs, and mental health burden. OBJECTIVE In this assessment of our first wave of data collection, we provide baseline cohort descriptives of ATTACH study participants in the United Kingdom (UK), United States of America (USA), and Mexico. Additionally, we assess responses to daily poll questions related to COVID-19 and conduct a cross-sectional analysis of baseline assessments collected in the UK between June 26 and October 31, 2020. METHODS The ATTACH study uses smartphone-app technology and online survey data collection. Participants completed poll questions twice daily related to COVID-19 and a monthly survey assessing mental health, social isolation, physical health, and quality of life. Poll question responses were graphed using 95% Clopper-Pearson (exact) tests with 95% confidence intervals. Pearson correlations, hierarchical linear regression analyses, and generalized linear models assessed relationships, predictors of self-reported outcomes, and group differences, respectively. RESULTS By October 31, 2020, 1405, 80, and 90 participants had consented to participate in the UK, USA, and Mexico, respectively. Descriptive data for the UK daily poll questions indicated that participants were generally following social distancing measures, but worry and negative impacts on families increased as the pandemic progressed. Although participants generally reported feeling that the reasons for current measures had been made clear, there was low trust that the government was doing everything in its power to meet public needs. In the UK, 1282 participants also completed a monthly survey (95% white, 72% female, 21% key or essential workers). Nineteen percent of UK participants reported a pre-existing mental health disorder, 31% reported a pre-existing chronic medical illness, and 35% were over 65. Fifty-seven percent of participants reported being more sedentary since the pandemic began, and 41% reported reduced access to medical care. Those with poorer mental health outcomes lived in more deprived neighborhoods, in larger households (ps < .05), had more pre-existing mental health disorders and medical conditions, and were younger than 65 years (all ps < .001). CONCLUSIONS Communities who have been exposed to additional harm during the COVID-19 pandemic were experiencing worse mental outcomes. Factors including having a medical condition, or living in a deprived neighborhood or larger household were associated with heightened risk. Future longitudinal studies should investigate the link between COVID-19 exposure, mental health, and sociodemographic and residential characteristics.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PENDAPATAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (STUDI KASUS INDUSTRI RUMAHAN KEMPLANG DI WILAYAH JAKABARING PALEMBANG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Nur Sindi Jannati ◽  
M Rusdi ◽  
Melis Melis
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Good Service ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Market Changes

This study aims to determine and analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the income of the cracker/kemplang home industry in the Jakabaring District, Palembang City. The analytical method used in this research is a qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, discussions with business actors and from several sources of other articles. From the research that has been carried out, it is found that the cracker/kemplang home industry continues to run its business, and the income earned by the cracker/kemplang home industry tends to be stable even in the Covid-19 pandemic situation. The factor that supports the traders to keep doing business is the awareness to continue to struggle to meet the needs of their daily lives. There are several attempts by business actors to increase an income, such as by adapting to market changes, providing good service to consumers and paying attention to the quality of goods to be sold to consumers.

scholarly journals Grounded Theory as an Approach for Exploring the Effect of Cultural Memory on Psychosocial Well-Being in Historic Urban Landscapes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Fatmaelzahraa Hussein ◽  
John Stephens ◽  
Reena Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Impact

Although grounded theory (GT) has emerged as a popular research approach across multiple areas of social science, it has been less widely taken up by researchers working in the fields of urban planning and design. The application of GT enables uniquely innovative insights to be gained from qualitative data, but it has attracted criticism and brings its own challenges. This paper proposes a methodology that could be applied by other researchers in the field of urban research. Utilising constructivist GT as a qualitative approach, this research investigates how cultural memory impacts the psychosocial well-being and quality of life (QoL) of users of, and visitors to, historic urban landscapes (HULs). Based on the findings, it can be posited that the application of GT yields a rich and nuanced understanding of how users of HULs experience the settings in which they live, and the impact and significance on human psychosocial well-being of the cultural memories incarnated within such settings. The current paper also contends that GT enables researchers studying the built environment to construct inductively based theories. Lastly, the practical implications of developing GT for application to HUL management are discussed, both in regard to how users experience the contexts in which they live and the impact of such contexts on well-being and quality of life.

scholarly journals Gout and the risk of advanced chronic kidney disease in the UK health system: a national cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e031550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin G Stack ◽  
Michelle Elizabeth Johnson ◽  
Betina Blak ◽  
Alyssa Klein ◽  
Lewis Carpenter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Clinical Practice Research Datalink ◽  
Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
National Cohort

ObjectiveEvaluate the association between gout and risk of advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).DesignRetrospective matched cohort study.SettingUK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.ParticipantsThe analysis included data for 68 897 patients with gout and 554 964 matched patients without gout. Patients were aged ≥18 years, registered at UK practices, had ≥12 months of clinical data and had data linked with Hospital Episode Statistics. Patients were excluded for history of advanced CKD, juvenile gout, cancer, HIV, tumour lysis syndrome, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome or familial Mediterranean fever.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAdvanced CKD was defined as first occurrence of: (1) dialysis, kidney transplant, diagnosis of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or stage 5 CKD (diagnostic codes in Read system or International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision); (2) estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <10 mL/min/1.73 m²; (3) doubling of serum creatinine from baseline and (4) death associated with CKD.ResultsAdvanced CKD incidence was higher for patients with gout (8.54 per 1000 patient-years; 95% CI 8.26 to 8.83) versus without gout (4.08; 95% CI 4.00 to 4.16). Gout was associated with higher advanced CKD risk in both unadjusted analysis (HR, 2.00; 95% CI 1.92 to 2.07) and after adjustment (HR, 1.29; 95% CI 1.23 to 1.35). Association was strongest for ESKD (HR, 2.13; 95% CI 1.73 to 2.61) and was present for eGFR <10 mL/min/1.73 m² (HR, 1.45; 95% CI 1.30 to 1.61) and serum creatinine doubling (HR, 1.13; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.19) but not CKD-associated death (HR, 1.14; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.31). Association of gout with advanced CKD was replicated in propensity-score matched analysis (HR, 1.23; 95% CI 1.17 to 1.29) and analysis limited to patients with incident gout (HR, 1.28; 95% CI 1.22 to 1.35).ConclusionsGout is associated with elevated risk of CKD progression. Future studies should investigate whether controlling gout is protective and reduces CKD risk.

scholarly journals Brain atlas for assessing the impact of tumor location on perioperative quality of life in patients with high-grade glioma: A prospective population-based cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 101658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Millgård Sagberg ◽  
Daniel Høyer Iversen ◽  
Even Hovig Fyllingen ◽  
Asgeir Store Jakola ◽  
Ingerid Reinertsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Brain Atlas ◽  
High Grade ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of implant treatment on oral health related quality of life in a private dental practice: a prospective cohort study

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Fillion ◽  
Dominique Aubazac ◽  
Marion Bessadet ◽  
Marlène Allègre ◽  
Emmanuel Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Implant Treatment
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