Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Depressive Symptomology and the Influence of Psychosocial Stress: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Abstract Objectives The literature on n-3 fatty acid (FA) intake and depressive symptoms is inconsistent, potentially due in part to the influence of psychosocial stress. Some evidence supports that n-3 intake may have greater benefit on depressive symptoms among those with high oxidative stress. We quantified the associations between dietary and plasma n-3 FA and 6-y depressive symptoms and measured the modifying effect of psychosocial stress. Methods Data are from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (age 48 y, 63% female). At baseline (2008–11), EPA, DHA and n-3 very-long-chain FAs (n-3VLCFAs) were estimated using two 24-hr recalls and the NCI method. Plasma n-3 FAs were measured by mass spectrometry. Depressive symptoms were measured at baseline and 6-y follow-up with the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD). Approximately 9 months from baseline, the 10-item Perceived Stress (PSS) and Chronic Burden of Stress scales were obtained. Unstratified and psychosocial stress-stratified associations were analyzed using survey linear regression among those with dietary (n = 3537) and plasma (n = 718) FA data. Model covariates included, but were not limited to, baseline CESD score, ethnicity, study site, antidepressant use, total energy intake, and dietary or plasma n-6 FA. Results Baseline DHA and n-3VLCFA intake were inversely associated with 6-y CESD (P < 0.05). All examined dietary n-3 FA exposures were inversely associated with CESD among those in the highest PSS quartile (Q4) (P < 0.05), but this was attenuated after considering n-6 FA intake. DHA and n-3VLCFA intakes were associated with lower CESD among those with 2 chronic stressors, but not <1 or >2 stressors. Plasma n-3 FAs were not associated with CESD in PSS stratified and unstratified analyses. However, plasma n-3 FA were associated with lower CESD score among those with only 2 chronic stressors. Conclusions Dietary n-3VLCFAs, but not plasma, were inversely associated with 6-y CESD. Psychosocial stress did not clearly modify these associations. These results provide some evidence that greater n-3VLCFA intake may reduce depressive symptoms among Hispanic/Latino adults. However, considering the limitations of self-reported intake, further research is needed using biomarkers of long-term n-3 consumption and psychosocial stress to confirm our findings. Funding Sources None.

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Abstract P071: Association of Baseline Depressive Symptoms With 6-Year Incidence of Diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.137.suppl_1.p071 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Matthew J O'Brien ◽

Mercedes R Carnethon ◽

Frank J Penedo ◽

Karen M Tabb ◽

Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Community Health ◽

Self Report ◽

Incident Diabetes ◽

Health Study ◽

Incidence Density ◽

Diabetes Incidence ◽

Central Americans ◽

Hispanic Community ◽

Latino Adults

Background: Among Hispanics/Latinos, there is substantial heterogeneity in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and diabetes by background. This study aimed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and incident diabetes among Hispanic/Latino adults of diverse backgrounds. Methods: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) is a prospective, community-based study of 16,415 self-identified Hispanic/Latino adults aged 18-74 years at Visit 1 (2008-2011) and 10,914 who have also completed the Visit 2 examination by August 2017. This analysis includes 8,804 participants who were free from diabetes at baseline and attended both Visits. Baseline depressive symptoms were assessed using the CES-D 10-item depression scale and divided into quartiles. Incident diabetes was defined by fasting glucose ≥126mg/dL, 2-hour postload glucose 140-199mg/dL, HbA1c ≥6.5%, or self-report. Accounting for HCHS/SOL complex survey design, we used Poisson regression models to estimate diabetes incidence density ratios (Table). Results: Baseline BMI was associated with both depressive symptoms and incident diabetes. Overall, 876 participants developed diabetes. In analyses stratified by Hispanic/Latino background, the association between baseline depressive symptoms and incident diabetes was significant for South Americans, Central Americans, and Mexicans. No significant associations between depressive symptoms and diabetes were seen among Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican, Cuban, or Puerto Rican backgrounds. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the association between depressive symptoms and incident diabetes in Hispanics/Latinos may differ by their background, with South and Central Americans at the highest risk. This difference may be partly explained by variation in participants’ understanding of CES-D questions by Hispanic/Latino background. Future research is needed to understand these novel findings fully and explore their implications for practice and policy.

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Allostatic load, unhealthy behaviors, and depressive symptoms in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Annals of Epidemiology ◽

10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.06.038 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

E.J. Rodriquez ◽

E.J. Pérez-Stable

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Community Health ◽

Allostatic Load ◽

Health Study ◽

Hispanic Community

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Are Anxious and Depressive Symptoms Associated with Gastrointestinal Symptoms in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)?

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities ◽

10.1007/s40615-020-00831-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marisa J. Perera ◽

Neil Schneiderman ◽

Daniela Sotres-Alvarez ◽

Martha Daviglus ◽

Silvia M. Mirabal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Community Health ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Health Study ◽

Hispanic Community

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Late-life depression and mortality: influence of gender and antidepressant use

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.107.039164 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 192 (1) ◽

pp. 12-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Joanne Ryan ◽

Isabelle Carriere ◽

Karen Ritchie ◽

Robert Stewart ◽

Gwladys Toulemonde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽

Antidepressant Use

BackgroundDepression may increase the risk of mortality among certain subgroups of older people, but the part played by antidepressants in this association has not been thoroughly explored.AimsTo identify the characteristics of older populations who are most at risk of dying, as a function of depressive symptoms, gender and antidepressant use.MethodAdjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the association between depression and/or antidepressant use and 4-year survival of 7363 community-dwelling elderly people. Major depressive disorder was evaluated using a standardised psychiatric examination based on DSM-IV criteria and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale.ResultsDepressed men using antidepressants had the greatest risk of dying, with increasing depression severity corresponding to a higher hazard risk. Among women, only severe depression in the absence of treatment was significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionsThe association between depression and mortality is gender-dependent and varies according to symptom load and antidepressant use.

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Isotemporal Analysis of the Association of Objectively Measured Physical Activity With Depressive Symptoms: Results From Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2016-0648 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 733-739 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Chad D. Rethorst ◽

Ashley E. Moncrieft ◽

Marc D. Gellman ◽

Elva M. Arredondo ◽

Christina Buelna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Community Health ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Health Study ◽

Hispanic Community ◽

Hispanic Latinos ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Background:The burden of depression among Hispanics/Latinos indicates the need to identify factors related to depressive symptoms. This paper examines the relationship of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with depressive symptoms in Hispanic/Latinos.Methods:The Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) is a population-based, cohort study of Hispanic/Latinos in 4 United States metropolitan areas. Objectively measured PA was coded into: sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity (LPA), moderate-intensity (MPA), and vigorous-intensity (VPA); and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-10 assessed depressive symptoms. Multiple regression analysis utilizing isotemporal substitution, adjusted for relevant covariates, examined PA as predictors of depressive symptoms.Results:Substitution of 1 hour of SB with VPA resulted in a significant decrease in depressive symptoms (β = –1.215, P = .021). Similar decreases were observed when VPA replaced LPA (β = –1.212, P = .021) and MPA (β = –1.50 P = .034). MPA and LPA were not associated with lower depressive symptoms.Conclusions:Previous research has focused on the relationship of MVPA on depressive symptoms. Our results suggest these constructs should be examined separately as they may have unique relationships with depressive symptoms. The association of SB with greater depressive symptoms confirms previous reports.

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Abstract P313: Association of Positive Emotion and Cardiovascular Health in Hispanics/Latinos With Chronic Kidney Disease: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.137.suppl_1.p313 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Rosalba Hernandez ◽

James P Lash ◽

Brett Burrows ◽

Holly J Mattix-Kramer ◽

Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Community Health ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Heart Association ◽

Health Study ◽

Hispanic Community

Introduction: Mounting evidence exists, linking positive emotion (e.g., joy) to favorable health outcomes. Little is known of the relationship between positive emotion and the American Heart Association defined concept of cardiovascular health ( CVH ), particularly in Hispanics/Latinos with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ), a group at high risk of cardiovascular mortality. Hypothesis: In Hispanics/Latinos with CKD, those with greater positive emotion will display more favorable CVH profiles. Methods: We analyzed data from adults ages 18-74 with stage 1-5 non-dialysis dependent CKD enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos in 2008-11. Positively worded items of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were used to create a composite positive emotion score (range, 0-6; higher scores indicative of greater positive emotion). A composite overall CVH score was calculated using metrics of diet, body mass index, physical activity, cholesterol, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and smoking status. Each metric was defined as ideal, intermediate, or poor to compute an additive score ranging from 0-14; ideal metrics were also enumerated to compute an ideal CVH score, ranging from 0-7. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations of positive emotion with CVH, after adjusting for relevant covariates. Results: Overall, 1,716 participants screened positive for CKD † . In multivariable-adjusted models, a higher positive emotion score was associated with higher overall and ideal CVH scores when modeling CVH as a continuous outcome, (overall CVH: β=0.11, 95% CI=0.01, 0.20; ideal CVH: β=0.06, 95% CI=0.01, 0.11) ( Table 1 ). A 1-unit increase in positive emotion was associated with 1.14 times higher odds of having > 4 (vs. <4) ideal CVH indicators. Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary evidence for an association between positive emotion and CVH in Hispanics/Latinos with CKD. Future studies should explore the mechanism through which emotion influence heart health.

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