scholarly journals Associations Between an Overall, Healthful and Unhealthful Low-Fat Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk in a Mediterranean Cohort: The SUN Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 259-259
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Aguilera Buenosvinos ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martinez-Gonzalez ◽  
Alfredo Gea ◽  
Iztiar Zazpe ◽  
Cesar Ignacio Fernández Lázaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diet Score ◽  
Sun Project

Abstract Objectives Dietary patterns may have a greater influence on human health than individual foods or nutrients and they are also being widely studied in the field of breast cancer prevention. Beyond the adequate balance of macronutrients, evidence shows that the quality of fat sources may play an important role in health outcomes. Our aim was to assess the relationship between healthful and less healthful low-fat dietary patterns in relation to breast cancer in a Mediterranean cohort (the SUN project). Methods The SUN Project is a Mediterranean dynamic prospective follow-up cohort study assessing participants every 2 years. We evaluated 10,930 middle-aged women initially free of breast cancer during a median of follow-up of 12.1 years. Dietary variables were evaluated through a previously validated 136-item FFQ. We calculated an overall, an unhealthful, and a healthful low-fat-diet score (rang: 0–30 points) based on the percentage of energy from total and subtypes of carbohydrate, fat, and protein. Participants were then categorized into tertiles.  Incident breast cancer was de primary outcome. We fitted Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders to investigate the relationship between baseline categories of low-fat-diet scores and the incidence of breast cancer- overall and stratified by menopausal status-. Results During 123,297 person-years of follow-up, 119 cases of incident breast cancer were confirmed. Among postmenopausal women, a significant direct association with postmenopausal breast cancer (comparing tertile 2 vs. tertile 1, HR = 2.60; 95% CI 1.24–5.45, P value = 0.012) was found.  None of the other associations was statistically significant. Conclusions In this Mediterranean prospective cohort study, a moderate adherence to an unhealthy low-fat-diet-score might increase the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. These results must be further confirmed in future studies. Funding Sources The SUN project received funding from the Spanish Government-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and the European Regional Development Fund, the Navarra Regional Government and the University of Navarra.

scholarly journals Healthy Lifestyle Score and Incidence of Glaucoma: the Sun Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Moreno-Montañés ◽  
Alejandro Fernández-Montero ◽  
Elsa Gándara ◽  
Itziar Gutierrez-Ruiz ◽  
Laura Moreno-Galarraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Low Body Mass Index ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sun Project

Abstract The relationship between healthy lifestyles, diet, and glaucoma remains controversial. In this study, we analyse the effect of Mediterranean Lifestyle (ML) on glaucoma incidence in the “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) cohort. Participants (n=18 420) initially free of glaucoma were followed for a mean of 10.8 years. The SUN Healthy Lifestyle Score (SHLS) ranging from 0 to 10 points included 10 healthy habits: never having smoked, moderate to high physical activity (>20 MET-hour/week), Mediterranean diet (≥4/8 adherence points), moderate alcohol consumption (women, 0.1-5.0 g/d; men, 0.1-10.0 g/d), low television exposure (<2 h/day), no binge drinking (≤5 alcoholic drinks at any time), a short afternoon nap (<30 min/day), meeting up with friends (> 1 h/day), working at least 40 h/week and low body mass index (BMI≤22). Information is collected biennially through self-reported questionnaires. The relationship between new cases of glaucoma and the SHLS was assessed by logistic regression using a hazard ratio. Crude, multi-adjusted and sensitivity analysis were performed. During follow-up, we observed 261 (1.42%) new cases of glaucoma. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the healthiest category of SHLS (7-10 points) showed a significantly reduced risk of glaucoma compared to those in the lowest SHLS category (0-3 points) (adjusted HR=0.51, 95% CI=0.28-0.93). For each point added to the SHLS the risk of glaucoma relatively dropped by 5%. In conclusion, higher adherence to a ML, measured by the SHLS, was significantly associated with lower risk of developing glaucoma. The ML is a protective factor for glaucoma incidence.

Does obesity change the effect of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) on estradiol, leptin, insulin, and IGF-1 serum levels in breast cancer patients?

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e11008-e11008
Author(s):  
Mehmet Artac ◽  
Dudu Askin ◽  
Aysel Kiyici ◽  
Onder Orhan Eren ◽  
Mufide Oncel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Estradiol Levels

e11008 Background: The complexity of the relationship between obesity and breast cancer reflects important contributions of obesity-related factors in the adjuvant therapy. The efficacy of adjuvant AIs compared to tamoxifen is lower in obese postmenopausal women. Therefore, we aimed to identify whether the effect of AIs on estradiol, leptin, insulin, and IGF-1 serum levels with respect to the status of the obesity in breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 34 postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant AIs were enrolled in the study. Pretreatment and 3 months after treatment body weight, height, waist-to-hip (WHR) ratio and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. Blood samples for serum estradiol, leptin, insulin and IGF-1 were drawn after 12 hour starvation and stored in – 70o before and 3 months after the onset of AI treatment. Results: Median age and BMI were 61 years (range 49-84) and 31 (range 22-43), respectively. 18 (%52.9) patients were treated with letrozole and 16 (%47.1) patients were treated with anastrazole. There was no change in the 3 months period in weight, BMI and WHR. Estradiol levels were decreased significantly between the baseline and the 3rd month (p<0.01). There was a slight increase in the leptin levels between the basal and 3rd month (p>0.05). No significant change was detected in insulin and IGF-1 levels in the follow-up period. In the multivariate regression model, there was no difference between the effect of letrozole and anastrazole on estradiol levels. Pretreatment BMI did not alter the effect of AIs on estradiol levels. The only factor related with the effect of the AIs is the pretreatment estradiol levels. Conclusions: This study shows that the suppression of estrogen in obese breast cancer patients with AIs at the standard doses may not be different from non-obese patients. Further researches may show us other mechanisms for the obesity-related factors to improve outcome with aromatase inhibition in obese breast cancer patients.

scholarly journals Dairy Consumption and Incidence of Breast Cancer in the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’ (SUN) Project

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 687
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Aguilera-Buenosvinos ◽  
Cesar Ignacio Fernandez-Lazaro ◽  
Andrea Romanos-Nanclares ◽  
Alfredo Gea ◽  
Rodrigo Sánchez-Bayona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Significant Inverse Association ◽  
Product Consumption ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Dairy Product Consumption

Dairy products might influence breast cancer (BC) risk. However, evidence is inconsistent. We sought to examine the association between dairy product consumption—and their subtypes—and incident BC in a Mediterranean cohort. The SUN (“Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra”) Project is a Spanish dynamic ongoing cohort of university graduates. Dairy product consumption was estimated through a previously validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Incident BC was reported in biennial follow-up questionnaires and confirmed with revision of medical records and consultation of the National Death Index. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with Cox regression models. Among 123,297 women-years of follow-up (10,930 women, median follow-up 12.1 years), we confirmed 119 incident BC cases. We found a nonlinear association between total dairy product consumption and BC incidence (pnonlinear = 0.048) and a significant inverse association for women with moderate total dairy product consumption (HRQ2vs.Q1 = 0.49 (95% CI 0.28–0.84); HRQ3vs.Q1 = 0.49 (95% CI 0.29–0.84) ptrend = 0.623) and with moderate low-fat dairy product consumption (HRQ2vs.Q1 = 0.58 (95% CI 0.35–0.97); HRQ3vs.Q1 = 0.55 (95% CI 0.32–0.92), ptrend = 0.136). In stratified analyses, we found a significant inverse association between intermediate low-fat dairy product consumption and premenopausal BC and between medium total dairy product consumption and postmenopausal BC. Thus, dairy products, especially low-fat dairy products, may be considered within overall prudent dietary patterns.

scholarly journals Macronutrient Quality and All-Cause Mortality in the SUN Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 972
Author(s):  
Susana Santiago ◽  
Itziar Zazpe ◽  
Cesar I. Fernandez-Lazaro ◽  
Víctor de la de la O ◽  
Maira Bes-Rastrollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Significant Inverse Relationship ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
The Relationship

No previous study has assessed the relationship between overall macronutrient quality and all-cause mortality. We aimed to prospectively examine the association between a multidimensional macronutrient quality index (MQI) and all-cause mortality in the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) (University of Navarra Follow-Up) study, a Mediterranean cohort of middle-aged adults. Dietary intake information was obtained from a validated 136-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. We calculated the MQI (categorized in quartiles) based on three quality indexes: the carbohydrate quality index (CQI), the fat quality index (FQI), and the healthy plate protein source quality index (HPPQI). Among 19,083 participants (mean age 38.4, 59.9% female), 440 deaths from all causes were observed during a median follow-up of 12.2 years (IQR, 8.3–14.9). No significant association was found between the MQI and mortality risk with multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the highest vs. the lowest quartile of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.59–1.06; Ptrend = 0.199). The CQI was the only component of the MQI associated with mortality showing a significant inverse relationship, with HR between extreme quartiles of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.45–0.90; Ptrend = 0.021). In this Mediterranean cohort, a new and multidimensional MQI defined a priori was not associated with all-cause mortality. Among its three sub-indexes, only the CQI showed a significant inverse relationship with the risk of all-cause mortality.

scholarly journals Association between overall diet quality and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in five Finnish cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satu Männistö ◽  
Kennet Harald ◽  
Tommi Härkänen ◽  
Mirkka Maukonen ◽  
Johan G. Eriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Alternative Healthy Eating Index

AbstractThere is limited evidence for any dietary factor, except alcohol, in breast cancer (BC) risk. Therefore, studies on a whole diet, using diet quality indices, can broaden our insight. We examined associations of the Nordic Diet (mNDI), Mediterranean diet (mMEDI) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (mAHEI) with postmenopausal BC risk. Five Finnish cohorts were combined including 6374 postmenopausal women with dietary information. In all, 8–9 dietary components were aggregated in each index, higher total score indicating higher adherence to a healthy diet. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the combined hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for BC risk. During an average 10-year follow-up period, 274 incident postmenopausal BC cases were diagnosed. In multivariable models, the HR for highest vs. lowest quintile of index was 0.67 (95 %CI 0.48–1.01) for mNDI, 0.88 (0.59–1.30) for mMEDI and 0.89 (0.60–1.32) for mAHEI. In this combined dataset, a borderline preventive finding of high adherence to mNDI on postmenopausal BC risk was found. Of the indices, mNDI was more based on the local food culture than the others. Although a healthy diet has beneficially been related to several chronic diseases, the link with the etiology of postmenopausal BC does not seem to be that obvious.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Sleep and Weight Change Among Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer Participating in the Women’s Health Initiative

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Donzella ◽  
Kimberly E Lind ◽  
Meghan B Skiba ◽  
Leslie V Farland ◽  
Cynthia A Thomson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose: Short and long sleep duration and poor sleep quality are risk factors for weight gain and cancer mortality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between sleep and weight change among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. Methods: Women participating in the Women’s Health Initiative who were diagnosed with incident breast cancer between year 1 and year 3 were included. Self-reported sleep duration was categorized as ≤5 hours (short), 6 hours, 7-8 hours (optimal), and ≥9 hours (long). Self-reported sleep quality was categorized as poor, average, and above average. Post-diagnosis weight change was the difference of weight closest to, but preceding diagnosis, and year 3 weight. We used linear regression to evaluate sleep duration and sleep quality associations with post-diagnosis weight change adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Among 1,156 participants, 63% were weight stable after diagnosis; average weight gain post cancer diagnosis was 3.2 kg. Six percent of women reported sleeping ≤5 hours, 26% reported 6 hours, 64% reported 7-8 hours, and 4% reported ≥9 hours. There were no differences in adjusted estimates of weight change among participants with short duration (0.37kg; 95%CI -0.88, 1.63), or long duration (-0.56kg; 95% CI -2.03, 0.90) compared to optimal duration, nor was there a difference among poor quality (-0.51kg; 95% CI -1.42, 0.41) compared to above average quality. Conclusion: Among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors, sleep duration and quality were not associated with weight change after breast cancer diagnosis. Future studies should consider capturing change in adiposity and to expand beyond self-reported sleep.

Abstract P515: Comparison of Dietary Measures Association With Incident Type 2 Diabetes: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (regards) Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Tison ◽  
April P Carson ◽  
James M Shikany ◽  
Keith Pearson ◽  
George Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Differences ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Regards Study ◽  
Diet Score

Background: Previous studies have investigated the association of dietary patterns with risk of diabetes, but have not compared a priori and a posteriori dietary scores in the same diverse population. The objective of this study was to evaluate a priori and a posteriori dietary patterns associations with incident diabetes in the REGARDS study. Methods: This study included 8,875 Black and White adults with available dietary data, without diabetes (defined as fasting glucose>=126 mg/dL, random glucose>=200 mg/dL, or use of diabetes medications) at baseline (2003-2007), and with follow-up (2013-2016) status of diabetes. Dietary patterns were examined by quintile and included a posteriori Plant-based and Southern, as well as a priori scores of Mediterranean Diet Score, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet Score, Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Dietary Inflammation Score (DIS). Modified Poisson regression was used to obtain risk ratios for incident diabetes with models adjusted for total energy intake, demographics, and lifestyle factors. Results: The mean (SD) age at baseline was 63.2 (8.5) years, 27.1% were Black, 56.2% were female, and 11.7% had incident diabetes at follow-up. Adherence to the Southern dietary pattern was positively associated with incident diabetes for all models (figure). After adjustment for demographic factors, the highest quintiles of DII and DIS were associated with incident diabetes and the highest quintiles of DASH scores were protective of development of incident diabetes. Conclusion: The Southern dietary pattern derived in REGARDS showed the strongest association with incident diabetes of all the dietary scores and of the a priori scores the DIS showed the strongest association with incident diabetes. The lack of association in adjusted models with the Mediterranean Diet and Plant-based pattern show these scores to be less pertinent. The DIS demonstrates food based dietary inflammation as one of the potential pathways for incident diabetes.

“A priori” Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function in the SUN Project

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana I. Munoz-Garcia ◽  
Estefania Toledo ◽  
Cristina Razquin ◽  
Ligia J. Dominguez ◽  
Demetrius Maragarone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Sun Project
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