Socio-demographic Factors Associated with Diet Quality Among a Cohort of People Living with HIV (P04-075-19)

Abstract Objectives To identify social, demographic and health factors associated with diet quality over time in a community-dwelling population of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the Greater-Boston area. Methods Secondary analysis of data from the Cardiovascular Assessment Risk Examination (CARE) prospective cohort study carried out between 2007 and 2013. The study included 288 PLHIV recruited from the Greater-Boston area with study visits annually. Repeated measures linear regression models with diet quality [assessed using Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010)] as the dependent variable was used to analyze the data. The HEI-2010 ranges from 0–100 with a higher score indicating higher diet quality. Results At baseline, study participants were mostly male (73%), 51 ± 7 years, unemployed (56%) and White (51%). They had been living with HIV for an average of 16years with an average CD4 count of 520 cells/mm3. Approximately one third reported being depressed (35%), being food insecure (37%), and binge drinking in the previous 6 months (30%). The mean HEI-2010 score at baseline was 48.7 ± 16.2 with male participants having a higher score (50.5) than females (43.7) (P = 0.004). Longer duration of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), having an undetectable viral load, being food secure, fewer pack-years of smoking, and increasing age were independently associated with higher diet quality over time (P < 0.0001). There were no significant interactions between time and the significant independent variables. Conclusions Among this cohort of PLHIV, several sociodemographic and clinical factors were associated with higher diet quality. Interventions to improve diet quality in PLHIV should focus on younger people and those who are food insecure. In addition, clinicians should continue to push for treatment adherence and viral suppression, along with curtailing smoking. With improved long term survival due to HAART, assessment of food security and diet quality may reduce cardiometabolic risk factors and further improve mortality. Funding Sources National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute.

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The Association Between Diet Quality and Fasting Blood Glucose in People Living with HIV (P08-051-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz044.p08-051-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Heather Stanner ◽

Diane Rigassio Radler ◽

Joachim Sackey

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Refined Grains ◽

Component Score ◽

Cardiovascular Assessment ◽

Component Scores ◽

Care Study

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the association between diet quality (utilizing Healthy Eating Index-2010 [HEI-2010] total scores) and fasting blood glucose in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). The associations between refined grains and total fruit consumption (HEI-2010 component scores) and fasting blood glucose were also explored. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis (N = 191) of an existing dataset from the Cardiovascular Assessment Risk Examination (CARE) study at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA between 2007 and 2013. It was hypothesized that there would be no association between diet quality and fasting blood glucose. Multiple linear regression was used to test the hypothesis adjusting for several a priori variables (age, race, sex, employment status, use of highly active antiretroviral therapy [HAART], living situation, body mass index, family history of type 2 diabetes [T2D] and year of enrollment). Results The mean age of the subjects was 41.1 years (SD = 7.1 years). Approximately half were white (50.8%, n = 97) and the majority were male (74.9%, n = 143). Subjects had a mean total HEI-2010 score of 49.3 out of 100 possible points with a range of 10–88 points. This is indicative of poor diet quality in this sample of PLHIV. Total protein foods and refined grains represented the component scores with the highest median scores (5.0 out of 5 possible points and 7.6 out of 10 possible points, respectively). Components with low median scores were total fruit (1.6 out of 5 possible points), whole fruit (1.4 out of 5 possible points), greens & beans (0.9 out of 5 possible points) and whole grains (1.5 out of 10 possible points). No significant associations were found between total HEI-2010 score and fasting blood glucose. No significant associations were found between the refined grains HEI-2010 component score or total fruit HEI-2010 component score and fasting blood glucose. Conclusions Overall diet quality was low in this study and the hypothesis of no association between diet quality and fasting blood glucose was supported. Additional studies are needed to determine the relationship between diet quality and fasting blood glucose in PLHIV and how to improve diet quality in this population. Funding Sources The CARE study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01HL065947).

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Factors associated to functioning and health in relation to home rehabilitation in Sweden: a non-randomized pre-post intervention study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02360-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anette Johansson ◽

Marie Ernsth Bravell ◽

Eleonor I. Fransson ◽

Sofi Fristedt

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Linear Models ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Rehabilitation Program ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Rehabilitation Service ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Rehabilitation Outcomes ◽

Self Rated Health

Abstract Background Home rehabilitation is a growing rehabilitation service in many countries, but scientific knowledge of its components and outcomes is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate; 1) which changes in functioning and self-rated health could be identified in relation to a home rehabilitation program in a population of community-dwelling citizens, and 2) how socio-demographic factors, health conditions and home rehabilitation interventions were associated to change in functioning and self-rated health after the home rehabilitation program. Method The sample consisted of participants in a municipal home rehabilitation project in Sweden and consisted of 165 community-dwelling citizens. General Linear Models (ANOVA repeated measures) was used for identifying changes in rehabilitation outcomes. Logistic regressions analysis was used to investigate associations between rehabilitation outcomes and potential factors associated to outcome. Result Overall improvements in functioning and self-rated health were found after the home rehabilitation program. Higher frequencies of training sessions with occupational therapists, length of home rehabilitation, and orthopaedic conditions of upper extremities and spine as the main health condition, were associated with rehabilitation outcomes. Conclusion The result indicates that the duration of home rehabilitation interventions and intensity of occupational therapy, as well as the main medical condition may have an impact on the outcomes of home rehabilitation and needs to be considered when planning such programs. However, more research is needed to guide practice and policymaking.

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Factors associated with overweight/obesity in a cohort of people living with HIV over 50 years of age

AIDS Care ◽

10.1080/09540121.2021.1935438 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Maria Mazzitelli ◽

Branca Isabel Pereira ◽

Graeme Moyle ◽

David Asboe ◽

Anton Pozniak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

People Living With Hiv ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Living With Hiv

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Caregiver Status and Diet Quality in Community-Dwelling Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13061803 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1803

Author(s):

Sharmin Hossain ◽

May A. Beydoun ◽

Michele K. Evans ◽

Alan B. Zonderman ◽

Marie F. Kuczmarski

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Least Square ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: We investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of diet quality with middle-aged caregiver status. Methods: Caregiving in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study (57.7% women, 62% African American (AA)) was measured at waves 3 (2009–2013) and 4 (2013–2017) (mean follow-up time 4.1 years). Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) derived from two separate 24 h diet recalls. Multivariable ordinary least square regression was performed for cross-sectional analyses of the association of wave 4 caregiving with wave 4 HEI-2010. Wave 3 caregiving was examined both cross-sectionally and with annual rate of change in HEI using mixed-effects linear regression Models. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, and poverty status. Results: Cross-sectional analyses at wave 4 demonstrate an inverse association of frequent caregiving (“Daily or Weekly” vs. “Never”) for grandchildren with HEI-2010 total score (i.e., lower diet quality) among Whites (β = −2.83 ± 1.19, p = 0.03, Model 2) and AAs (β = −1.84 ± 0.79, p = 0.02,). The “cross-sectional” analysis pertaining to grandchildren caregiving frequency suggested that frequent caregiving (i.e., “Daily or Weekly” vs. “Never” (β = −2.90 ± 1.17, p = 0.04)) only among Whites was inversely related to HEI-2010 total score. Total HEI-2010 score was also related to caring (Model 1), for the elderly over “5 years vs. Never” among Whites (−7.31 ± 3.54, p = 0.04, Model 2). Longitudinally, we found slight potential improvement in diet quality over time (“Daily or Weekly” vs. Never by TIME interaction: +0.88 ± 0.38, p = 0.02) with frequent caregiving among Whites, but not so among AAs. Conclusions: Frequent caring for grandchildren had an inverse relationship with the diet quality of White and AA urban middle-aged caregivers, while caring for elderly was inversely linked to diet quality among Whites only. Longitudinal studies should address the paucity of research on caregivers’ nutritional quality.

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Prevalence of Depression in People Living with HIV/AIDS Undergoing ART and Factors Associated with it

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2014/7725.4927 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M.S. Bhatia

Keyword(s):

People Living With Hiv ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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Experiences engaging in a group-based physiotherapist-led exercise programme for adults living with HIV and complex multimorbidity: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. e045158

Author(s):

Tina S. Homayouni ◽

Alex Ruth ◽

Zoe Abbott-Tate ◽

Helen Burger ◽

Shaera Rahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exercise Programme ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Demographic Questionnaire ◽

Flexible Schedule ◽

Health Related ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Perceived Impacts ◽

Exercise Programmes ◽

Living With Hiv

ObjectiveTo explore experiences participating in a group-based physiotherapist (PT)-led exercise programme among people living with HIV and complex multimorbidity.DesignWe conducted a qualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews.Recruitment and settingWe recruited community-dwelling adults living with HIV who engaged in a group-based PT-led exercise programme within an HIV-specialty hospital in Toronto, Canada. Interviews were conducted in-person or by telephone.ParticipantsEight men and two women with a median age of 58 years and median of six concurrent conditions in addition to HIV, who had attended ≥2 classes of the exercise programme.Data collectionInterviews explored (1) reasons for engaging in the programme, (2) experiences with exercise prior to and after joining the programme, (3) facilitators and barriers to engagement and (4) perceived impacts of participation on health and disability. We administered the HIV Disability Questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire.ResultsExperiences spanned perspectives prior to, during and after the PT-led exercise programme. Reasons for engaging in the programme included addressing health-related goals. Participants identified accessibility, the flexible schedule, interprofessional staff and the HIV-specific, group-based environment as facilitators to engagement. Participants reported high attendance rates, but identified episodic health challenges and overcrowded space as potential barriers to attending exercise classes. Perceived impacts on health and disability outcomes included improved physical, mental, social and cognitive health, and activities of daily living. Anticipated or actual experiences transitioning to independent exercise included facilitators (supportive programme leaders) and barriers (challenges motivatiing self to exercise alone).ConclusionsFeatures of the programme that facilitated engagement included the interprofessional, group-based environment that offered tailored exercise in an HIV-specific facility, whereby participants perceived benefits in domains of health and disability. However, challenges transitioning to independent exercise remain. Group-based PT-led exercise programmes may facilitate engagement in exercise among adults living with HIV and complex multimorbidity.

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