Parametric Characterization of a Taste Phenotype in Rats Selectively Bred for High Versus Low Saccharin Intake

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy K Dess ◽  
Clinton D Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Saccharin Preference ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Saccharin Intake ◽  
Bottle Test ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Taste Phenotype ◽  
Preference Threshold

Abstract Taste signals food quality and reflects energy status and associated processes. Occidental high- and low-saccharin consuming rats (HiS, LoS) have been selectively bred for nearly 60 generations on intake of 0.1% saccharin in a 23-h two-bottle test, as a tool for studying individual differences in taste and its correlates in the domains of feeding, defensive, and social behavior. The saccharin phenotype itself has not been well characterized until now. The present series of parametric studies examined suprathreshold saccharin concentration-intake functions (Experiment 1), saccharin preference threshold (Experiments 2A and 2B), and intra- and inter-sweetener carryforward effects (Experiments 2B, 3A–3D). Results indicate high stability in line differences in behavior toward saccharin and also line-specific mutability of intake of saccharin and certain other sweeteners. Methodological and conceptual implications are discussed.

C60 Framework Response to Halogen Addition: the Stable Isomers of C60Br2m

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Peel ◽  
RG Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semiempirical Calculations ◽  
Elementary Model ◽  
Local Distortion

The isolation and spectroscopic characterization of halogenated fullerene-60 compounds has not advanced greatly during the 2 years of effort in this area. While the fully fluorinated C60F60 has been studied in some detail, other halogen addition processes have indicated chlorination up to C60Cl24 and bromination up to C60Br24. However, definitive structural information has to date only been provided for three compounds, namely C60Br6, C60Br6 and C60Br24. Iodine does not appear to form genuine addition compounds. In the work reported here semiempirical calculations using the AM1 approximation with the MOPAC molecular orbital program have been directed to comparing the possible stable isomers of the 1:1 addition compounds C60X2 for X = F, Cl and Br. The favoured isomers can be described as 1,2-additions (to a double bond at a hexagon-hexagon fusion) and 1,4-additions (to the terminal carbons of a butadiene moiety) with higher-energy isomers resulting from 1,6- and 1,8-additions. The other isomers represented by 1,3- 1,5- and 1,7-additions are only stable relative to dissociation in the case of the fluorine addition compounds. By contrast for Br2 addition only the 1,2- and 1,4-isomers are stable toward dissociation. The calculations show that, at and near the addition site carbons, X2 addition is adequately described in terms of local distortion of the C60 sphere. The elementary model of C60 as comprising formal single and double bonds is relevant since C60 behaves as a 'poly- alkene ', with sp3 carbons replacing sp2 carbons at the addition sites. This model offers an explanation for the unique structures observed for C60Br6 and C60Br24 which the AM1calculations show to be very stable toward dissociation. However, the experimental C60Br8 structure is found to be relatively less stable than another isomer. Also high-stability isomers of C60Br4, C60Br10, C60Br12 and C60Br18 are predicted.

GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CdS AND CdS:Ag LUMINESCENT QUANTUM DOTS DISPERSED IN SOLUTION

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (25) ◽  
pp. 2591-2599 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. YOUSEFI ◽  
A. A. ABDOLHOSSEINZADEH ◽  
H. R. FALLAH ◽  
A. A. KHOSRAVI
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Confinement ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Colloidal Solution ◽  
Quantum Confinement Effect ◽  
Green Emission ◽  
Capping Agent ◽  
Luminescent Nanoparticles ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Luminescent Quantum Dots

A fast-chemically capping method in aqueous solution was developed to synthesize CdS and CdS : Ag luminescent nanoparticles and particles with sizes between 2–4 nm. The achieving of well-dispersed and narrow-sized particles in colloidal solution and also, high stability of them using mercaptoethanol (ME) as a capping agent was established. Quantum confinement effect was observed in UV-vis absorption as well as in PL spectra. PL spectroscopy also showed green emission and Ag dopants caused a faster energy transfer between CdS inter-bands. XRD patterns exhibited that both cubic and hexagonal phases exist in solutions. Ultimately, TEM images captured from QDs displayed the shapes of nanoclusters which are almost spherical.

scholarly journals Literatura In Memoriam: sentidos de legitimação histórica

Scriptorium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Edilson Dias Moura
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
Contemporary Novel ◽  
Current State ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Face ◽  
In Memoriam

Este artigo tem como objeto os romances Um homem é muito pouco, de Ronaldo Costa Fernandes, e K., de B. Kucinski; e o poema Estação Paraíso, de Alipio Freire. A partir dessas obras, procura-se estabelecer uma reflexão acerca da literatura contemporânea, nos eixos da temporalidade e da memória, como prática de representação cuja finalidade é caracterizar o estado atual do comportamento social brasileiro em face da sua história política recente. *** In memoriam literature: historical legitimation’s senses ***This article aims to analyse the novels “Um homem é muito pouco”, by Ronaldo Costa Fernandes, “K.”, by B. Kucinski; and the poem “Estação Paraíso”, by Alipio Freire. Through the reading of these works we try to establish a reflection on contemporary Brazilian Literature in the theoretical perspectives of temporality and memory studies as a representation practice whose purpose is the characterization of the current state of Brazilian social behavior in the face of its recent History.Keywords: Brazilian literature; contemporary novel; time and memory studies.

scholarly journals PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF QUERCETIN-LOADED LIPOSOMES PREPARED BY SONICATION FOR FUNCTIONAL FOOD APPLICATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
NUR AMALINA RAMLI ◽  
◽  
NORA’AINI ALI ◽  
SOFIAH HAMZAH
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Phospholipid Bilayer ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Probe Sonication

This research was intended to synthesize liposome as a nanocarrier to encapsulate quercetin, which is prone to degradation and susceptible to low bioavailability upon oral administration. The liposomes were synthesized by thin-film hydration method and followed by probe sonication for downsizing. Soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC) and cholesterol (CHOL) were employed as the composition of the phospholipid bilayer. Results indicated a dependence of sonication amplitude and time in the formation of free liposomes (FL). The average size of quercetin-loaded liposomes (QL) prepared was 346.4 nm with a narrow polydispersity index (0.22) and a high magnitude of zeta potential (-49.6 mV). These characterizations depict that a homogenous nanovesicle suspension with high stability was successfully synthesized. Quercetin was incorporated into the liposomes with a high encapsulation efficiency of 90.7% and loading capacity of 9.3%. This viable nanocarrier perhaps will provide ingenious protection for a wider spectrum of active agents in food and biopharmaceutical products.

scholarly journals A high-precision instrument for mapping of rotational errors in rotary stages

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1367-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihe Xu ◽  
Kenneth Lauer ◽  
Yong Chu ◽  
Evgeny Nazaretski
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Capacitive Sensors ◽  
Precision Instrument ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Radial And Axial Displacements

A rotational stage is a key component of every X-ray instrument capable of providing tomographic or diffraction measurements. To perform accurate three-dimensional reconstructions, runout errors due to imperfect rotation (e.g.circle of confusion) must be quantified and corrected. A dedicated instrument capable of full characterization and circle of confusion mapping in rotary stages down to the sub-10 nm level has been developed. A high-stability design, with an array of five capacitive sensors, allows simultaneous measurements of wobble, radial and axial displacements. The developed instrument has been used for characterization of two mechanical stages which are part of an X-ray microscope.

Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of electroactive IoNanofluids with high dielectric constants from hydrated ferrous sulphate

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswathy Joseph ◽  
Marylin Mary Xavier ◽  
Jacek Fal ◽  
Gaweł Żyła ◽  
Soorya Sasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
High Stability ◽  
High Dielectric Constant ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
One Step ◽  
High Dielectric

An iron oxide based-electroactive IoNanofluid with a high dielectric constant, high stability and low viscosity was synthesized from ferrous sulphate heptahydrate via a facile microwave assisted one-step route in 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium chloride.

Characterization of social behavior in the spiny mouse, Acomys cahirinus

Ethology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon A. Fricker ◽  
Ashley W. Seifert ◽  
Aubrey M. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Spiny Mouse ◽  
Acomys Cahirinus

Phenotypic characterization of cognition and social behavior in mice with heterozygous versus homozygous deletion of catechol-O-methyltransferase

Neuroscience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Babovic ◽  
C.M. O'Tuathaigh ◽  
A.M. O'Connor ◽  
G.J. O'Sullivan ◽  
O. Tighe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Homozygous Deletion ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization
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