Abnormal Concentrations of Nickel in Serum in Cases of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, Burns, Hepatic Cirrhosis, and Uremia

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1123-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D McNeely ◽  
F William Sunderman ◽  
Maria W Nechay ◽  
Howard Levine
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Delirium Tremens ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Umbilical Cords ◽  
Mean Concentration

Abstract Nickel concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry in sera. The mean concentration of nickel in sera of 47 healthy adults was 2.6 SD ± 0.8) µg/liter. Abnormally high mean concentrations (µg/liter) of serum nickel were found in patients with: (a) acute myocardial infarction (13-36 h after onset), mean = 5.2 ± 2.8, N = 33, P <0.001; (b) acute stroke (37-72 h after onset), mean = 4.5, N = 12, P <0.005; and (c) acute burns (>25% body surface, 37-72 h after injury), mean = 7.2, N = 3, range = 4.1-10.9. Diminished mean concentrations of serum nickel were found in patients with: (a) hepatic cirrhosis, mean = 1.6 ± 0.8, N = 18, P <0.005; and (b) chronic uremia, mean = 1.7 ± 0.7, N = 12, P = <0.005. Normal mean concentrations of serum nickel were found in patients with: (a) acute myocardial ischemia without infarction (13-36 h after onset), mean = 3.3 ± 1.6, N = 22; (b) acute trauma with fractured bones (13-36 h after injury), mean = 2.7 ± 0.9, N = 19; (c) acute delirium tremens (13-36 h after admission), mean = 2.3 ± 0.9, N = 25; and (d) muscular dystrophy, mean = 2.3 ± 1.4, N = 10. In sera collected from 12 mothers immediately after normal delivery, the mean concentration of nickel was 3.0 ± 1.2 µg/liter, the same values as for sera from the umbilical cords of their 12 full-term infants.

Usefulness of serial determinations of myoglobin and creatine kinase in serum compared for assessment of acute myocardial infarction.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Cairns ◽  
E Missirlis ◽  
W H Walker
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Serum Creatine Kinase ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
Serial Blood Sampling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
First Myocardial Infarction

Abstract Twenty-one patients with their first myocardial infarction underwent serial blood sampling every 2 h for determination of serum creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin during the first 48-72 h after onset of pain. The first blood sample, obtained at a mean time of 4.4 h after infarct onset, invariably showed increased myoglobin (mean, 8.3-fold normal), whereas CK was often normal (mean, 1.6-fold normal). Peak myoglobin values occurred earlier than peak CK values (9.9 h vs 21.6 h, p less than 0.0005), but there was a significant correlation of peak values (myoglobin = 0.384CK - 0.264, r = 0.794, p less than 0.0005). The mean exponential disappearance rate (Kd) of CK was 0.00106 min-1 and of myoglobin was 0.00265 min-1 (p less than 0.0005). The disappearance of myoglobin was well described by a mono-exponential expression except in two patients. The total duration of the increase in myoglobin was significantly less than that of CK (34.7 h vs 74.4 h, p less than 0.0005).

CONCENTRATIONS OF CALCIUM AND INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS IN SERUM OF NORMAL INFANTS RECEIVING VARIOUS FEEDINGS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-498
Author(s):  
George M. Owen ◽  
Philip Garry ◽  
Samuel J. Fomon
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Sera of normal full-term infants, 2 weeks to 5 months of age, were analyzed for concentrations of calcium and inorganic phosphorus. Concentrations of calcium were not found to be significantly influenced by age, sex or type of feeding, the mean value being 9.6 mg/100 ml. Concentrations of inorganic phosphorus in sera of groups of infants receiving a variety of feedings were not well correlated with phosphorus content of the feedings. The mean concentration of inorganic phosphorus in sera of infants 2 weeks to 2 months of age was 7.0 mg/100 ml, approximately two-thirds of the values falling between 6.0 and 8.0 mg/100 ml. The mean concentration of inorganic phosphorus in sera of infants 2 to 5 months of age was 6.5 mg/100 ml, approximately two-thirds of the values falling between 5.8 and 7.4 mg/100 ml. Mean concentration of inorganic phosphorus in sera of boys was significantly greater than in sera of girls, particularly during the first two months of life. The importance of this observation is uncertain.

scholarly journals Concentration of some metals in the muscles of fish from selected lakes of Warmia and Mazury region (Poland)

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Spodniewska ◽  
Dariusz Barski
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fish Muscles ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

In view of very scarce and limited information concerning the content of heavy metals in tissues of fish from the lakes in north-eastern Poland, the aim of the study was to determine the content of some heavy metals in the muscle tissue of two fish species: bream (Abramis brama) (n = 60) and pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) (n = 60) caught in selected lakes of Warmia and Mazury region (Poland) in 2010 as well as to asses human health safety. The concentration of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in the muscle tissue of bream and pikeperch was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean concentration of toxic metals (Pb and Hg) in muscles of bream was 0.07 mg/kg and 0.03 mg/kg, respectively, and 0.10 mg/kg and 0.13 mg/kg in muscles of pikeperch, respectively. The mean concentration of Cu, Fe and Zn found in the muscles of bream was 0.33 mg/kg, 7.27 mg/kg and 6.12 mg/kg in muscles of pikeperch it was 0.21 mg/kg, 5.56 mg/kg and 6.02 mg/kg, respectively. It was found that the content of the analysed metals in fish muscles was low and did not exceed the values of limits admissible in the European Union. At the assumed mean and maximum concentration of Pb and Hg, the values of PTWI (provisional tolerable weekly intake) were not exceeded (i.e. 0.56% PTWI for Pb and 3.01% PTWI for Hg), therefore the consumption of fish originating from selected lakes of Warmia and Mazury does not constitute a threat to consumer health.

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry of Nickel in Serum, Urine, and Other Biological Materials

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shozo Nomoto ◽  
F William Sunderman
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Nickel Concentration ◽  
Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate ◽  
Atomic Absorption Technique ◽  
The Mean

Abstract An atomic absorption technique is described for analysis of nickel in serum, whole blood, urine, and other biological materials. After the sample has been subjected to protein precipitation or acid digestion, nickel is extracted into methylisobutylketone as a pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate complex, and is measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The following values (mean ±SD) were obtained for nickel in specimens from healthy subjects living in central Connecticut: serum, 0.26 ± 0.08 , µg/100 ml (N = 40); whole blood, 0.48 ± 0.13 µg/100 ml (N = 17); and urine, 0.23 ± 0.14 µg/100 ml, = 2.4 ± 1.1 µg/day (N = 26). In sera obtained from 36 patients within 24 h after myocardial infarction, the mean nickel concentration was 0.51 ± 0.27 µg/100 ml (p vs. controls = 0.001). In 132 consecutive adult patients, admitted to the hospital for all diagnoses except myocardial infarction, the mean concentration of serum nickel was 0.22 ± 0.11 µg/100 ml. Measurements of serum nickel may prove to be useful in diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ADEQUACY OF PROTEIN FROM HUMAN MILK AND COW'S MILK IN PROMOTING NITROGEN RETENTION BY NORMAL FULL-TERM INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Fomon
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Metabolic Balance ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Eight normal full-term infants have been studied during ad libitum ingestion of a formula (Formula 1257) containing 60 calories/100 ml and providing 7% of the calories as protein from cow's milk, 50% from a mixture of vegetable oils and 43% from lactose. The mean concentration of nitrogen in this formula was slightly less than the mean concentration in human milk in a previous study.4 Growth of the infants is interpreted as within normal limits. The mean concentration of urea nitrogen in the serum was 6.0 mg/100 ml. Between 1 and 6 months of age the mean concentration of total protein in the serum was 5.7 gm/100 ml. Both the mean volume of intake and the mean concentration of nitrogen in the feeding were slightly less than those of the infants fed pasteurized human milk. Consequently, in 44 of 60 metabolic balance studies with infants receiving Formula 1257, intakes of nitrogen were less than the mean intakes of infants of similar age receiving pasteurized human milk (Fig. 3). Similarly, retentions of nitrogen in 37 of the 60 metabolic balance studies fell below the regression calculated for infants fed pasteurized human milk (Fig. 4). The retentions of nitrogen were generally in the range of those of infants fed pasteurized human milk and it is concluded that the two feedings have similar abilities to promote retention of nitrogen by infants.

A New Radioimmunoassay-Technique For Fibrinopeptide-A In Human Plasma

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Harenberg ◽  
R Zimmermann ◽  
F Haas ◽  
H Schmidt-Gayk
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Fibrinopeptide A ◽  
Microtiter Plates ◽  
Antibody Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Healthy Persons

Fibrinopeptide-A (FpA) is thought to be the most sensitive parameter to indicate hypercoagulability with increased fibrin formation in man. Previously described radioimmunoassays for FpA are very time consuming. We present therefore a modification of the assay, which is less time consuming, sensitive, reproducable and reliable. The following modifications were made on the original method: 1. plasma dialysis was omitted 2. performance on microtiter-plates 3. double antibody method.The sensitivity was improved to 0.16 ng FpA / ml plasma. The mean concentration of FpA in dialysed and undialysed plasma did not differ significantly (p<0.001). Effective separation of fibrinogen was achieved by aethanol extraction alone. The mean concentration of FpA correlated highly, when the tracer was separated by charcoal or second antibody (r = 0.96). The recovery was improved to 85%.In healthy persons 0.16-2.5 ng FpA/ml plasma were measured. In patients with venous thrombosis or myocardial infarction in the history FpA was elevated significantly to 2.0 ng/ml-19.6 ng/ml, indicating that the FpA is a usefull tool in diagnosis of hypercoagulability.

Simultaneous measurement of total and IgA-conjugated alpha 1-microglobulin by a combined immunoenzyme/immunoradiometric assay technique.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 766-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
D D DeMars ◽  
J A Katzmann ◽  
T K Kimlinger ◽  
J D Calore ◽  
R P Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Immunoradiometric Assay ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract alpha 1-Microglobulin (alpha 1m), a glycoprotein (Mr = 30,000) found in serum and urine, is also present in serum conjugated to monomeric IgA (alpha 1-m-IgA). We have developed a simultaneous enzyme-linked immunoenzyme/immunoradiometric assay that involves three different monoclonal antibodies. Assay of serial dilutions of serum and urine demonstrated parallelism. Normal mean concentrations in serum (n = 75) were: total alpha 1m, 2.33 mumol/L; alpha 1m-IgA, 1.24 mumol/L; unconjugated (free) alpha 1m, 1.09 mumol/L; molar ratio (alpha 1m-IgA/total alpha 1m), 0.53. The mean concentration of alpha 1m in eight urine specimens from normal individuals was 0.19 mumol/L, with no detectable alpha 1m-IgA. A low urinary pH does not significantly affect assay results, unlike assays of beta 2-microglobulin. In patients with myeloma-related renal disease, total and free alpha 1m values for serum correlated well with values for creatinine and beta 2-microglobulin in serum.

A New Radioimmunoassay-Technique for Fibrinopeptide-a in Human Plasma

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Harenberg ◽  
H. Zimmermann ◽  
F. Haas ◽  
H. Schmidt-Gayk
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Fibrinopeptide A ◽  
Microtiter Plates ◽  
Antibody Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Healthy Persons

Fibrinopeptide-A (FpA) is thought to be the most sensitive parameter to indicate hypercoagulability with increased fibrin formation in man. Previously described radioimmunoassays for FpA are very time consuming. We present therefore a modification of the assay, which is less time consuming, sensitive, reproducable and reliable. The following modifications were made on the original method: 1. plasma dialysis was omitted 2. performance on microtiter-plates 3. double antibody method.The sensitivity was improved to 0.16 ng FpA/ml plasma. The mean concentration of FpA in dialysed and undialysed plasma did not differ significantly (p<0,001). Effective separation of fibrinogen was achieved by aethanol extraction alone. The mean concentration of FpA correlate, highly, when the tracer was separated by charcoal or second antibody (r = 0.96). The recovery was improved to 85%.In healthy persons 0.16-2.5 ng FpA/ml plasma were measured. In patients with venous thrombosis or myocardial infarction in the history FpA was elevated significantly to 2.0 ng/ml-19.6 ng/ml, indicating that the FpA is a usefull tool in diagnosis of hypercoagulability.

THE RELATION OF VITAMIN K TO HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Asteriadou-Samartzis ◽  
Sanford Leikin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Water Soluble Vitamin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Versus Concentration

The concentration of bilirubin in the serum in a group of 119 premature and full-term infants was studied after the administration of water-soluble vitamin K and vitamin K1. It appeared that large doses of water-soluble vitamin K produced a higher concentration of bilirubin than was found in the control infants. Vitamin K1 administered intravenously did not have a hyperbilirubinemic effect. The mean concentration of bilirubin on the fifth day for infants given 25 mg of vitamin K1 orally approximated that of the untreated control group. However, the regression line of body weight versus concentration of bilirubin for this group showed a tendency towards hyperbilirubinemia in infants of less than 2500 gm (5 lb).

METABOLIC STUDIES OF NORMAL FULL-TERM INFANTS FED PASTEURIZED HUMAN MILK

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Fomon ◽  
Charles D. May
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Period Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Six normal full-term infants were fed human milk during all of the first 6 months of life and three normal full-term infants were fed human milk during portions of that period. Data are presented concerning growth in length and weight. The mean concentration of total protein in the serum was 5.2 gm/100 ml and that of urea nitrogen was 6.3 mg/100 ml. Data from 74 nitrogen balance studies of the nine infants are presented. The mean volume of intake of pasteurized human milk during the balance periods performed in the first 1½ months of life was 218 ml/kg/day, decreasing to 140 ml/kg/ day between 4½ and 6 months of age. Assuming a mean concentration of 67 cal/100 ml of the pooled human milk, the mean caloric intake of the infants during the first 1½ months of life was 147 cal/kg/day, decreasing to a mean intake of 94 cal/kg/day between 4½ and 6 months of age. The mean intake of protein during the first 1½ months of life was 2.4 gm/kg/day, decreasing to 1.5 gm/kg/day between 4½ and 6 months of age. The mean retention of nitrogen at 1 month of age (calculated from the regression equation) was 180 mg/kg/day, gradually decreasing to 47 mg/kg/day by 6 months of age. These retentions are considerably less than those reported for infants receiving the higher intakes of protein (generally more than 3.5 gm/kg/day) provided by many formulas of cow's milk. The mean gain in weight for each gram of nitrogen retained by the infants was 42.1 gm.

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