Rapid measurement of serum water to assess pseudohyponatremia.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Faye ◽  
R B Payne
Keyword(s):  
Electrode System ◽  
Diabetic Coma ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
Rapid Methods ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
System A ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Space Occupying Lesion

Abstract Pseudohyponatremia is caused by an increased serum protein or lipid concentration producing a "space-occupying lesion" in serum water. Its presence and magnitude must be assessed in hyponatremic patients with, for example, paraproteinemia or hyperlipemic diabetic coma. In the absence of a direct-reading ion-selective electrode system, a method for measuring the water content of serum is required. We describe two rapid methods for measuring the diffusible water of serum: osmometry before and after dilution and chloride measurement before and after ultrafiltration. Either of these methods allows the true sodium status of a patient's serum to be determined.

scholarly journals Evaluation of direct reading photoionization detector performance under various operational parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh ◽  
Farideh Golbabaei ◽  
Mojtaba Beygzadeh ◽  
Francisco Carrasco-Marín ◽  
Seyed Jamaleddin Shahtaheri
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
Detector Performance ◽  
Vapor Detection ◽  
Sample Concentration ◽  
Photoionization Detector ◽  
Before And After

Background: A hand-held portable direct-reading monitor, including photoionization detector (PID) is renowned for its good sensitivity, considerable dynamic range, and nondestructive vapor detection ability in comparison to the tardy response of the PID in gas chromatography (GC), which its application has been restricted. In this study, the performance of a PID system (MultiRAE Lite) was evaluated as a replacement of GC in the measurement of toluene in a dynamic adsorption system. Methods: The test was done at different relative humidity levels (30%, 50%, and 80%), temperatures (21, 30, 40° C), and toluene concentrations (20, 100, 200, and 400 ppm). Results: The PID achieved 48% of all measurements meeting the comparison criterion. The results showed that the performance of the PID could be altered by the variables. The best performance of the PID was at temperature of 21° C, the relative humidity of 50%, and concentration of 200 ppm with the percentage of readings achieving the criterion of comparison to 58%, 54%, and 52%, respectively. The averages of the PID readings (mean ± SD at 200 ppm= 207.9 ± 8.7) were higher than the reference method measurements averages (mean ± SD at 200 ppm= 203.5 ± 5.8). The regression analysis of the toluene results from the PID and the reference method results indicated that the measurements were significantly correlated (r2 = 0.93). Conclusion: According to the results, the device response is linear. Therefore, the findings are acceptable in adsorption studies. In this way, the measurement of the sample concentration should be performed using the same instrument before and after the reactor in order to calculate the adsorption efficiency.

scholarly journals An ACGME Duty Hour Compliant 3-Person Night Float System for Neurological Surgery Residency Programs

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Ragel ◽  
Mark Piedra ◽  
Paul Klimo ◽  
Kim J. Burchiel ◽  
Heidi Waldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Schedule ◽  
Meaningful Difference ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Night Float ◽  
System A ◽  
Oregon Health ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Work Hour ◽  
Operative Experience ◽  
Neurological Surgery

Abstract Background In 2003, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) instituted the 24+6-hour work schedule and 80-hour workweek, and in 2011, it enhanced work hour and supervision standards. Innovation In response, Oregon Health & Science University's (OHSU) neurological surgery residency instituted a 3-person night float system. Methods We analyzed work hour records and operative experience for 1 year before and after night float implementation in a model that shortened a combined introductory research and basic clinical neurosciences rotation from 12 to 6 months. We analyzed residents' perception of the system using a confidential survey. The ACGME 2011 work hour standards were applied to both time periods. Results After night float implementation, the number of duty hour violations was reduced: 28-hour shift (11 versus 235), 8 hours off between shifts (2 versus 20), 80 hours per week (0 versus 17), and total violations (23 versus 275). Violations increased only for the less than 4 days off per 4-week interval rule (10 versus 3). No meaningful difference was seen in the number of operative cases performed per year at any postgraduate year (PGY) training level: PGY-2 (336 versus 351), PGY-3 (394 versus 354), PGY-4 (803 versus 802), PGY-5 (1075 versus 1040), PGY-7 (947 versus 913), and total (3555 versus 3460). Residents rated the new system favorably. Conclusions To meet 2011 ACGME duty hour standards, the OHSU neurological surgery residency instituted a 3-person night float system. A nearly complete elimination of work hour violations did not affect overall resident operative experience.

Rapid Measurement of Potassium Ion in Wheat Flour Using a FIA-Ion Selective Electrode Based Sensing System

1997 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 416-419
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Haginoya ◽  
Yoko Nomura ◽  
Kuniko Sakai ◽  
Takashi Komatsu ◽  
Seiichi Nagao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Sensing System

Cinematic Angiography for Measurements of Blood Flow in Cerebral Aneurysms With Stents

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Ohta ◽  
Naoko Fujimura ◽  
Luca Augsburger ◽  
Hasan Yilmaz ◽  
Daniel A. Ru¨fenacht
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Parent Artery ◽  
Vortex Center ◽  
System A ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Movement Distance

Background and Purpose: The assessment of blood flow speed by imaging modalities is important for endovascular treatments, such as stent implantation, of cerebral aneurysms. The subtracted vortex centers path line method (SVC method) is one of the ways of determining flow speed quantitatively using the image sequence. And a cinematic angiography (CA) is a high speed image acquisition system using X-ray and contrast media integrated in Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) for endovascular therapy. The combination of SVC and CA may useful for determining the blood flow speed during the operation using DSA. In this study, we applied this combination to analyze hemodynamic changes before and after stenting. Methods: A transparent tubular model was constructed of silicone which included an aneurysm 10 mm in diameter and having a 5 mm neck on a straight parent artery with a diameter of 3.5 mm. The model was integrated into a pulsatile circulation system. A double layer stent was placed in the parent artery on the aneurysm. By CA, successive images at 25 frames per second with injection of contrast were obtained. Results and conclusion: Rotating vortexes of contrast, which advanced along the wall of the aneurysm, were observed in successive images of the aneurysm cavity. The movement distance of the vortex center was measured and the results show that the vortex speed decrease after stenting. This indicates the possibility of applying the SVC method to medical imaging equipment for analysis of the flow in aneurysms containing stent.

Modifying pre-operative antibiotic overuse in gynecologic surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Shapiro ◽  
Rose Laignel ◽  
Caitlin Kowcheck ◽  
Valerie White ◽  
Mahreen Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Gynecologic Surgery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antibiotic Overuse ◽  
Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
System A ◽  
Before And After

Purpose Previous studies indicate adherence to pre-operative antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines has been inadequate. The purpose of this paper is to determine adherence rates to current perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines in gynecologic surgery at a tertiary care, academic institution. As a secondary outcome, improving guidelines after physician re-education were analyzed. Design/methodology/approach A retrospective chart review (2,463 patients) was completed. The authors determined if patients received perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in accordance with current guidelines from the America College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Data were obtained before and after physician tutorials. Quality control was implemented by making guideline failures transparent. Statistical analysis used Fisher’s exact and agreement tests. Findings In total, 23 percent of patients received antibiotics not indicated across all procedures. This decreased to 9 percent after physician re-education and outcome transparency (p<0.0001). Laparoscopy was the procedure with the lowest guideline compliance prior to education. The compliance improved from 52 to 92 percent (p<0.0001) after re-education. Practical implications Gynecologic surgeons overuse antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis. Physician re-education and transparency were shown to enhance compliance. Originality/value Educational tutorials are an effective strategy for encouraging physicians to improve outcomes, which, in turn, allows the healthcare system a non-punitive way to monitor quality and mitigate cost.

Micropatterning of Monodisperse Spherical Particles by Electrophoretic Deposition Process Using Interdigitated Microarray Electrode

2006 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ichi Hamagami ◽  
Kazuhiro Hasegawa ◽  
Kiyoshi Kanamura
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Electric Field Distribution ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Polystyrene Microspheres ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
System A ◽  
Monodisperse Polystyrene

Micrometer wire consisting of microbeads was successfully fabricated onto a patterned conductive electrode substrate by an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process with precise control of electric field distribution generated in the colloidal suspension. Monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with 320 nm in diameter and an interdigitated microarray Au electrode having 10 μm in width and 5 μm in spacing were used in this EPD system. A micropattern of polystyrene particles with two dimensional arrays was formed onto the patterned electrode by the EPD process with two electrode system using an electrostatic interaction between the electrodes and the charged particles in the suspension.

Nanofiltration: improvements of water quality in a large distribution system

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Peltier ◽  
M. Cotte ◽  
D. Gatel ◽  
L. Herremans ◽  
J. Cavard
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
System A ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Doc Concentration ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Microbiological Water Quality ◽  
Large Distribution

A nanofiltration (NF) treatment was introduced during the autumn of 1999 in the Méry-sur-Oise treatment plant which feeds the northern Parisian suburbs distribution system. A study was conducted over 4 years to compare the water quality before and after nanofiltration. The results confirmed that NF treatment produced a low DOC concentration in water (average 0.7 mg C/L). This reduction of DOC concentration levels enabled an improved stability of chlorine residual that has been reduced to 0.2 mg/L at the outlet of the plant. The formation of trihalomethanes was thus reduced by 50% in the network. Moreover, the reduction of BDOC enabled an improved biological stability in the water and enhanced the microbiological water quality during distribution. In addition, the NF treatment enhanced the physico-chemical water quality.

scholarly journals Przedsiębiorczość w warunkach integracji europejskiej na przykładzie firmy Leadership Management Polska

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Mateusz Bisikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Leadership Management ◽  
System A ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post War ◽  
Investment Growth

This paper aims to depict the conditions of running a business in Poland before and after EUaccession. The author presents the business situation in Poland in the post-war period andcharacterizes the changes of the 1980’s as well as their continuation before EU accession andafterwards.He draws attention to the continuing process of change as the free market economy developed,including the changes in the banking system. A separate, but equally significant issueis the growing confidence of foreign companies that has resulted in a higher index of businessactivity initiatives in Poland, as well as an investment growth that is mainly due to an improvementin Poland’s international rating. The abovementioned processes shall be presented usingthe example of the Leadership Management Polska’s experiences and development.

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