scholarly journals P042 Diagnostic and prognostic value of soluble adhesion molecules in patients with ulcerative colitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S152-S152
Author(s):  
G Tarasova ◽  
N Dobaeva ◽  
A Iakovlev ◽  
A Volkov
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Soluble Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Remission Phase

Abstract Background Experimental studies have shown that cell adhesion molecules contribute to the constant induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (6, 8, 10), necrosis factor of tumor-α), providing the chronicity of immune-mediated inflammation at ulcerative colitis (UC). Determination of the importance of molecules of integrin adhesion (sVCAM-1) and mucosal adressin (sMAdCAM-1) for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment of patients with UC. Methods 119 patients with UC were examined: 17 (14.3%) with proctitis, 44 (37%) with left-sided localization, 58 (48.7%) with the total form. The comparison group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers. Determination of serum sVCAM and sMAdCAM was carried out by quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on a system for multiplex analysis using flow fluorimetry — Luminex MAGPIX (USA), ICAM-1 kit (Cusabio, USA). The indicators were assessed before the start of the basic therapy course, in accordance with national recommendations, and 12 weeks after its completion. Results In patients with left-sided and total UC, a 3.2 and 4.7-fold increase in sVCAM expression and a 2.8, 3.6-fold increase in sMAdCAM expression was recorded, averaging: 386.6 + 21.2 ng/ml, 623.4 + 11.1 ng/ml; 116.5 + 13.6 ng/ml, 193.8 + 15.2 ng/ml, respectively (p <0.001). In the group with rectal lesions, there was a moderate increase in the expression of adhesion molecules: 157.1 + 11.3 ng/ml, 84.5 + 18.8 ng/ml, respectively (p<0.07). Against the background of a 12-week treatment course, clinical and endoscopic remission was recorded in 84 (70.6%) patients. In the groups of patients with left-sided and total UC in the drug remission phase, there was a decrease in the expression of sVCAM (194.6 + 9.2 ng/ml, 236.7 + 14.1 ng/ml) and sMAdCAM (72.4 + 8.1 ng/ml, 98.2 + 9.7 ng/ml), respectively (p <0.02). In cases with UC activity, increased levels of adhesion molecules persisted. Conclusion The soluble adhesion molecules of sVCAM and sMAdCAM are modern markers of inflammation that can be used for assessing the effectiveness of course therapy of UC.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Soluble Endothelial Adhesion Molecules and Nitric Oxide Metabolites in Sickle Cell Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Charles Antwi-Boasiako ◽  
John Ahenkorah ◽  
Eric Donkor ◽  
Bartholomew Dzudzor ◽  
Gifty Dankwah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Soluble Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Endothelial Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Nitric Oxide Metabolites ◽  
Study Participants

Nitric Oxide (NO) and soluble adhesion molecules are promising biomarkers, which predict endothelial dysfunction in sickle cell disease (SCD). Several studies have investigated the relationship between NO (as well as its metabolites) and endothelial adhesion molecules in SCD. However, these studies were done mainly in the developed world, and it is difficult to extrapolate the findings to SCD populations in other geographical regions such as Africa due to significant disparities in the results. The aim of the current study was to determine the correlation between levels of nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) and adhesion molecules in SCD patients in a tertiary hospital in Ghana. A case control cross-sectional study involving 100 SCD (made up of HbSS and HbSC patients) and 60 healthy controls was conducted. Concentrations of NOx and soluble endothelial adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin) were measured in all the study participants (n = 160) by the Griess reagent system and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlation analysis was performed to determine a possible link between the variables. Levels of soluble adhesion molecules were higher in the HbSS patients. Correlation of NOx with ICAM-1 almost approached significance (r = 0.565, p = 0.058) in the HbSS patients. There were no correlations between NOx and E-selectin in both HbSS and HbSC patients. There were no significant correlations between NOx and VCAM-1 in all the study participants (p > 0.05). Of the soluble adhesion molecules, ICAM-1 showed a significant positive correlation with VCAM-1 in the HbSC patients. There were no significant differences between the adhesion molecules and the age of participants in the various study groups. Whether or not a significant correlation exists between NOx and soluble adhesion molecules may not depend on the sickle cell genotype. The expression of adhesion molecules may not depend on age.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise prevents rarefaction of pial collaterals and increased stroke severity that occur with aging

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 3544-3555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Rzechorzek ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Brian K Buckley ◽  
Kunjie Hua ◽  
Daniel Pomp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheel Running ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Collateral Arteries ◽  
Intracranial Arteries

Variation in extent of the brain’s collateral circulation is an important determinant of variation in the severity of stroke and efficacy of revascularization therapies. However, the number and diameter of pial collateral “arterioles” decrease with aging in associated with reduced eNOS and increased oxidative stress. We tested whether exercise reduces this aging-induced rarefaction. Twelve-month-old mice were randomized to sedentary or voluntary wheel-running. At 26 months’ age, permanent MCA occlusion was followed 72 h later by determination of infarct volume and vascular casting after maximal dilation. The decline in collateral number and diameter and 2.4-fold increase in infarct volume evident in 26-versus 3-month-old sedentary mice were prevented by exercise-training. In contrast, number and diameter of the posterior communicating collateral “arteries” were unaffected by aging or exercise. Interestingly, diameter of the primary intracranial arteries increased with aging. Mechanistically, genetic overexpression of eNOS inhibited age-induced collateral rarefaction, and exercise increased eNOS and SOD2 and decreased the inflammatory marker NFkB assessed in hindlimb arteries. In conclusion, exercise prevented age-induced rarefaction of pial collaterals and reduced infarct volume. Aging also promoted outward remodeling of intracranial arteries. These effects were associated with increased eNOS and reduced markers of inflammation and aging in the vascular wall.

scholarly journals Markers of Inflammation and Infection in Sepsis and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 107602961984333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Patel ◽  
Amanda Walborn ◽  
Matthew Rondina ◽  
Jawed Fareed ◽  
Debra Hoppensteadt
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Chromogenic Assay ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Factor Α

Sepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory response to infection that manifests with widespread inflammation as well as endothelial and coagulation dysfunction that may lead to hypotension, organ failure, shock, and death. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complication of sepsis involving systemic activation of the fibrinolytic and coagulation pathways that can lead to multi-organ dysfunction, thrombosis, and bleeding, with a 2-fold increase in mortality. This study demonstrates the diagnostic and prognostic value of profiling various biomarkers of inflammation and infection in patients with sepsis-associated DIC to assess the severity of illness. Deidentified samples were obtained from adult patients with sepsis and suspected DIC. Platelet count, prothrombin time, D-dimer, and fibrinogen levels were used to assign International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis DIC scores to plasma samples from 103 patients with sepsis and suspected DIC. Using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, chromogenic assay, and RANDOX Biochip methods, levels of procalcitonin (PCT), extracellular nucleosomes, interleukin (IL) 6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were measured in patients with sepsis and DIC and compared to levels in healthy individuals. Elevated levels of PCT, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNFα were observed in most patients with sepsis and DIC. Additionally, the levels of these markers show significant positive correlations with each other and with DIC score. Currently, no single biomarker can effectively diagnose DIC in patients with sepsis. This study lays the groundwork for the development of a diagnostic algorithm using several markers of inflammation and infection and DIC score as parameters in assessing severity of sepsis-associated coagulopathy in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Evaluation of large intestinal mucosa regeneration in ulcerative colitis using linear measurements

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilda Djolai
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Crypt Epithelium ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Remission Phase

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by three phases: active, regression and remission phase. The active phase is followed by atrophy of the large intestinal mucosa. Although its evaluation is sometimes difficult, quantification of ceratin mucosal parameters can be used as an accessory method. The aim of the study was to determine the parameters of linear micrometry in order to estimate the regeneration of the large intestinal mucosa in ulcerative colitis, and to evaluate the efficiency of this method in everyday work. The measurements were performed on routine bioptic samples after qualitative histologic analysis and determination of the type and stage of the disease. The measurements were carried out to determine: the number of crypts per unit length, the height of crypt epithelium, diameter of crypts, their lumen and interstices; also, the quotient between the diameters of crypts and interstices was calculated. The analysis of the measured parameters points to presence and degree of regeneration and/or atrophy of mucosa, particularly by following the parameters of crypt epithelium. Linear measurements can be used in estimation of regeneration and atrophy of large intestinal mucosa. .

Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) as Potential Marker of Atherosclerosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (S 01) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta Weirich ◽  
Thomas K. Nordt ◽  
Johannes Ruef ◽  
Christoph Bode ◽  
Karlheinz Peter
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Soluble Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Definition Of

SummaryAn increasing number of descriptive reports on soluble adhesion molecules and association with various diseases are published. Throughout these reports soluble adhesion molecules are identified as markers of inflammation. Since atherosclerosis demonstrates features of a chronic inflammatory disease, a potential association of soluble adhesion molecules with atherosclerosis has been postulated. However, conflicting results have been reported. One reason for this might be the differing definitions of atherosclerosis and patient groups. Besides the definition of atherosclerosis based on clinical symptoms, few reports use a direct quantification of atherosclerosis in their search for a marker of atherosclerosis. In those reports that quantify atherosclerosis, sVCAM-1 seems to be more specific for atherosclerosis than other markers. The serum level of sVCAM-1 appears to correlate with the extent of atherosclerosis and might allow for the detection of early stages of atherosclerosis. Large scale prospective studies will have to prove that sVCAM-1 can be used as a diagnostic tool for the detection of early stages of asymptomatic atherosclerosis and whether an early therapeutic intervention based on this approach is able to prevent progression and manifestation of the clinical sequelae of atherosclerosis.

An Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Determination of Tissue Plasminogen Activator Applied to Patients with Thromboembolic Disease

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (03) ◽  
pp. 740-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Bergsdorf ◽  
Torbjörn Nilsson ◽  
Per Wallén
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Normal Human

SummaryUtilizing the immunoglobulin fraction from a goat antiserum against human uterine tissue plasminogen activator, an enzyme- linked immunoassay for tissue-type plasminogen activator in human plasma has been developed. With the new method, the concentration of t-PA in normal human acidified plasma is found to be 4.0 ± 1.8 (SD) ng/ml. It increases to 12 ng/ml after a tomiquet test, and to 14 ng/ml after strenous physical exercise. In a group of patients with idiopathic thromboembolic disease, the resting t-PA concentration was 5 ng/ml and the post-occlusion value 16 ng/ml. Furthermore, the patients also exhibited a normal post-occlusion rise in the concentration of plasmin-α2-antiplasmin complex. However, in 37% of the post-occlusion patient plasmas, virtually no increase in t-PA could be detected by a specific activity assay. The results indicate that the reason for a defective post-occlusion fibrinolytic activity in a majority of cases may be the presence of increased concentrations of a fast-acting specific t-PA inhibitor.

Improvement Of Curvilinear Diagrams Of Concrete Deformation

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Deformation Diagrams

Problems when calculating reinforced concrete structures based on the concrete deformation under compression diagram, which is presented both in Russian and foreign regulatory documents on the design of concrete and reinforced concrete structures are considered. The correctness of their compliance for all classes of concrete remains very approximate, especially a significant difference occurs when using Euronorm due to the different shape and sizes of the samples. At present, there are no methodical recommendations for determining the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under axial compression and the construction of curvilinear deformation diagrams, which leads to limited experimental data and, as a result, does not make it possible to enter more detailed ultimate strain values into domestic standards. The results of experimental studies to determine the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under compression for different classes of concrete, which allowed to make analytical dependences for the evaluation of the ultimate relative deformations and description of curvilinear deformation diagrams, are presented. The article discusses various options for using the deformation model to assess the stress-strain state of the structure, it is concluded that it is necessary to use not only the finite values of the ultimate deformations, but also their intermediate values. This requires reliable diagrams "s–e” for all classes of concrete. The difficulties of measuring deformations in concrete subjected to peak load, corresponding to the prismatic strength, as well as main cracks that appeared under conditions of long-term step loading are highlighted. Variants of more accurate measurements are proposed. Development and implementation of the new standard GOST "Concretes. Methods for determination of complete diagrams" on the basis of the developed method for obtaining complete diagrams of concrete deformation under compression for the evaluation of ultimate deformability of concrete under compression are necessary.

Energetic properties of peat saturated with petroleum products

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
E. S. Dremicheva
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Initial Sample

This paper presents a method of sorption using peat for elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and the possibility of energy use of oil-saturated peat. The results of assessment of the sorbent capacity of peat are presented, with waste motor oil and diesel fuel chosen as petroleum products. Natural peat has been found to possess sorption properties in relation to petroleum products. The sorbent capacity of peat can be observed from the first minutes of contact with motor oil and diesel fuel, and significantly depends on their viscosity. For the evaluation of thermal properties of peat saturated with petroleum products, experimental studies have been conducted on determination of moisture and ash content of as-fired fuel. It is shown that adsorbed oil increases the moisture and ash content of peat in comparison with the initial sample. Therefore, when intended for energy use, peat saturated with petroleum products is to be subjected to additional drying. Simulation of net calorific value has been performed based on the calorific values of peat and petroleum products with different ratios of petroleum product content in peat and for a saturated peat sample. The obtained results are compared with those of experiments conducted in a calorimetric bomb and recalculated for net calorific value. A satisfactory discrepancy is obtained, which amounts to about 12%. Options have been considered providing for combustion of saturated peat as fuel (burnt per se and combined with a solid fuel) and processing it to produce liquid, gaseous and solid fuels. Peat can be used to solve environmental problems of elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and as an additional resource in solving the problem of finding affordable energy.

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