Effect of short-term exposure to indoor particulate matter on noctunal blood pressure dipping among hypertensive adults in ibadan: a pilot study

Abstract Introduction While blunted nocturnal blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events, limited information exist on the association between indoor particulate and circadian blood pressure variation. We report the association of short-time exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 with blunted nocturnal blood pressure among hypertensive adults in Ibadan. Purpose This study was to determine the association between short time exposure to air particulates and blunted nocturnal blood pressure among people of African descent. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among fifty hypertensive cases attending our University College Hospital. A 24-hours blood pressure (BP) monitoring was carried out at the same time as indoor particulate matter monitoring in their homes. Exposure to indoor fine particles (PM2.5) and thoracic particles (PM10) was estimated using a real-time particle counter and compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) 24-hours threshold of 25 μg/m3 and 50 μg/m3 for PM2.5 and PM10 respectively. All monitoring was carried out over a 24-hours period during the wet season. Linear regression model was fitted to determine predictors of non-dipping hypertension. Results Of the 50 hypertensive patients studied, 5 (10.0%), 39 (78.0%), 6 (12.0%) were reverse dippers, non-dippers and dippers respectively. The mean indoor PM2.5 (44.17±19.18 μg/m3) and PM10 (60.10±27.13 μg/m3) among the non-dippers were significantly higher than values obtained among dippers (PM2.5 = 22.97±10.19 μg/m3; PM10 = 29.51±12.74 μg/m3); p<0.0001, and the WHO threshold limit. More non-dippers than dippers (54.5% vs 37.8%) used unimproved fuel such as firewood for cooking. PM10 was an independent predictors of non-dipping status in our regression analysis. Conclusion Short-term exposure to indoor PM air pollution was associated with blunted nocturnal blood pressure. Therefore air pollution reduction strategies through improved cooking pattern is advocated in order to prevent future cardiovascular events. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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Short-Term Effects of Air Pollution on Coronary Events in Strasbourg, France—Importance of Seasonal Variations

Medical Sciences ◽

10.3390/medsci8030031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Baptiste Vaudrey ◽

Marie Mielcarek ◽

Erik Sauleau ◽

Nicolas Meyer ◽

Benjamin Marchandot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Nitrogen Dioxide ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Coronary Event ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Coronary Events ◽

Pm2.5 And Pm10

The aim of this study, is to investigate the effects of a short-term exposure to air pollutants, as assessed by Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Particulate Matter PM2,5 and PM10 concentrations, on coronary event onsets in Strasbourg, France. An observational, analytical, retrospective, epidemiological study was conducted in Strasbourg between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2014. Higher daily coronary events rates were evidenced when NO2 concentrations were measured above 40 µg/m3 (1.258 (95% CI 1.142–1.374) vs. 1.110 (95% CI 1.033–1.186); p = 0.015). The NO2 concentration was higher than 30 µg/m3 for 677 days (61.8%). Higher daily coronary events rates were evidenced when NO2 concentrations were measured above 30 µg/m3 (1.208 (95% CI 1.128–1.289) vs. 1.067 (95% CI 0.961–1.172) p = 0.009). A marked seasonality of NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations characterized by an increase during winter and a decrease during the summer could be established. The seasonality of coronary events was evidenced simultaneously. After adjustments were made to account for the time and the month, no independent impact of NO2, PM2.5 or PM10 on daily coronary events could be demonstrated.

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Arterial blood pressure responses to short-term exposure to low and high traffic-related air pollution with and without moderate physical activity

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1177/2047487314555602 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 548-557 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

N Kubesch ◽

A De Nazelle ◽

S Guerra ◽

D Westerdahl ◽

D Martinez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Short Term ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Blood Pressure Responses

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Abstract 15149: Short-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution Preferentially Increases the Risk of ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Events

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.15149 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Kent G Meredith ◽

C A Pope ◽

Joseph B Muhlestein ◽

Jeffrey L Anderson ◽

John B Cannon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Significant Coronary Artery Disease ◽

St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽

Short Term ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

St Elevation

Introduction: Air pollution is associated with greater cardiovascular event risk, but which types of events and the specific at-risk individuals remain unknown. Hypothesis: Short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is associated with greater risk of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (USA). Methods: ACS events treated at Intermountain Healthcare hospitals in Utah’s urban Wasatch Front region between September 10, 1993 and May 15, 2014 were included if the patient resided in that area (N=16,314). A time-stratified case-crossover design was performed matching the PM 2.5 exposure at the time of event with periods when the event did not occur (referent), for STEMI, NSTEMI, and USA. Patients served as their own controls. Odds ratios (OR) were determined for exposure threshold versus linear, non-threshold models. Results: In STEMI, NSTEMI, and USA patients, age averaged 62, 64, and 63 years; males constituted 73%, 66%, and 68%; current or past smoking was prevalent in 33%, 25%, and 26%; and significant coronary artery disease (CAD) (defined as ≥1 coronary with ≥70% stenosis) was found among 95%, 75%, and 74%, respectively. Short-term PM 2.5 exposure was associated with ACS events (Table). Conclusions: Short-term exposure of PM 2.5 was strongly associated with greater risk of STEMI, especially in patients with angiographic CAD. No association with NSTEMI was found, and only a weak effect for USA. This study supports a PM 2.5 exposure threshold of 25 μg/m 3 , below which little exposure effect is seen, while the effect is linear above that level.

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Short-term effects of air pollution on blood pressure

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-56413-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

You-Jung Choi ◽

Sun-Hwa Kim ◽

Si-Hyuck Kang ◽

Sun-Young Kim ◽

Ok-Jin Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽

Short Term ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Increased Risk

AbstractElevated blood pressure (BP) has been proposed as a possible pathophysiological mechanism linking exposure to ambient air pollution and the increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. In this study, we investigated the hourly relationship between ambient air pollutants and BP. BP measurements were extracted from the electronic health record database of the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from February 2015 to June 2017. A total of 98,577 individual BP measurements were matched to the hourly levels of air pollutants. A generalized additive model was constructed for hour lags of 0–8 of air pollutants adjusting for age, sex, meteorological variables, and time trend. Systolic BP was shown to be significantly lower at 2–4 hours and 3–5 hours after increased levels of SO2 and CO, respectively (0.24 mmHg and 0.26 mmHg for an interquartile range, respectively). In contrast, O3 and NO2 were associated with significantly increased systolic BP at 3–5 lag hours and at 0–2 lag hours, respectively. BP elevation in association with O3 and NO2 was shown to be significantly greater in hypertensive patients than normotensive subjects. Our findings suggest that short-term exposure to air pollution may be associated with elevated BP.

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Association of short term exposure to Asian dust with increased blood pressure

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74713-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Masanobu Ishii ◽

Tomotsugu Seki ◽

Kenji Sakamoto ◽

Koichi Kaikita ◽

Yoshihiro Miyamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Strong Association ◽

Asian Dust ◽

Short Term ◽

Population Attributable Fractions ◽

Suspended Particulate ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Attributable Fractions ◽

Photochemical Oxidants

Abstract Air pollution causes hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Asian dust (AD) reportedly induces asthma or acute myocardial infarction along with air pollution, but its impact on blood pressure (BP) is unknown. We investigated the association between short-term AD exposure and BP fluctuations in 300,952 individuals whose BP was measured during April 2005–March 2015 and divided them into AD and non-AD groups based on visitation for AD-related events. AD’s occurrence, air pollutants’ concentration (suspended particulate matter, SO2, NO2, photochemical oxidants), and meteorological variables (mean ambient temperature, relative humidity) were obtained from a monitoring station; AD events correlated with decreased visibility (< 10 km). We observed 61 AD days, with 3897 participants undergoing medical check-ups. Short-term AD exposure at lag day-0 was significantly associated with higher systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and pulse rate (PR) risk (β = 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35–2.35 for SBP, β = 2.24, 95% CI 1.88–2.61 for DBP, β = 0.52, 95% CI 0.14–0.91 for PR) using multi-pollutant model. Population-attributable fractions exposed to AD were 11.5% for those with elevated SBP (SBP ≥ 120 mmHg) and 23.7% for those with hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). This study showed a strong association between short-term AD exposure and increased SBP and DBP.

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