P6381Cardiac arrest patients presenting to hospitals at weekends are not subject to the weekend effect: insights from ACALM big data, United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Potluri ◽  
M Ainslie ◽  
S Chandran ◽  
B Patel ◽  
R More ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Big Data ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Weekend Effect ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Primary Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Acute Hospitals ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Introduction Patients presenting to hospital with a cardiac arrest are associated with significant mortality in the United Kingdom. The evidence for the weekend affect involving cardiac arrests is unclear and we investigated this further with ACALM big data. Methods Anonymous information on patients presenting to hospital with a cardiac arrest was obtained from several hospitals in UK between 2000–2014. ICD-10 and OPCS-4 codes were used to trace patients coded for primary cardiac arrest, co-morbidities and mortality data. Results Details of 4803 patients presenting with cardiac arrest is shown in Table1. Cox regression model including age, gender, ethnic group, Charlson score and the top ten causes of death in the UK showed that weekend presentation did not contribute to increased mortality (OR 1.01; 95%C.I 0.94–1.11; p=0.692) Table 1. Demographics and co-morbidities of cardiac arrest patients presenting on weekdays and weekends Weekday Weekend N (%) 3892 (81.0) 919 (19.0) Mean age ± S.D (years) 67.7±16.6 67.4±17.5 Male, % 55.4 54.1 Co-morbidities   Mean Charlson Index 1.52 1.33   Heart Failure % 21.4 20.4   IHD % 38.4 37.1   Cancer (Lung, Breast or Colon) % 5.2 3.8   Cerebrovascular Disease % 6.4 6.3   COPD % 15.0 12.0   CKD % 9.4 7.7   Dementia % 4.7 2.6   Pneumonia % 14.7 14.4 Outcomes   Crude 30 day mortality % 25.4* 32.8*   Crude 1 year mortality % 41.0* 44.3* *Cox regression analyses showed no significant differences in mortality between weekend and weekday presentation. Conclusion We have demonstrated that the “weekend effect” is not present in patients admitted to hospital with cardiac arrest. Our findings can perhaps be explained by the presence of 24/7 cardiac arrest teams present in acute hospitals.

scholarly journals Predictors of returns to work following retirement: A prospective analysis of Germany, Russia and the United Kingdom

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loretta G. Platts ◽  
Karen Glaser
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Demographic Covariates ◽  
The Uk

Aims: Individuals may return to paid work following retirement, a phenomenon described as “unretirement”. By following recent retirees over time in Germany, Russia and the United Kingdom, we examined whether unretirement is more common for people who are facing financial hardship. Methods: Data are drawn from four prospective surveys: the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (1991–2013), the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (1994–2013) and, for the United Kingdom, the British Household Panel Survey (1991–2008) and Understanding Society (2010–2014), harmonized ex post. Unretirement behaviour was examined using Cox regression in relation to demographic covariates, as well as education, health and financial adequacy. Findings: The cumulative hazard of unretirement attained around 17% among German participants, 26% among British participants and 42% among Russian participants after 20 years of follow-up. Males, younger and more educated retirees, in better health and with higher incomes were generally more likely to return to work. Participants who were more concerned about their finances were not more likely to unretire in Russia or the United Kingdom and were only more likely to return to work in Germany following adjustment for the other covariates. Conclusions: Unretirement was common, confirming previous largely North American studies depicting retirement as a fluid and flexible process. These results suggest that retired people represent a substantial pool of potential labour, but there was little indication that those most in need were unretiring, particularly in Russia and the UK. This suggests that encouraging greater reliance on employment in later life may cause hardship among older people unable to find suitable work and potentially exacerbate social inequalities.

Abstract P185: Racial Disparities In The Influence Of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals On Hypertension-Related Mortality In The US Adult Population

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanta Banerjee ◽  
John Huth
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Demographic Risk ◽  
Demographic Risk Factors

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disruptive chemical derived from plastics and epoxies which have been linked to atherosclerosis and obesity. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) also disproportionately affects minority populations. Among environmental toxins, Black Americans are found to have higher BPA levels than the general population. In this study, we assessed the hypothesis that if BPA leads to higher mortality outcomes among individuals with hypertension only in Non-Hispanic Black Americans.From the 2003-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we analyzed data on adults (≥ 20 years), with mortality data obtained through 2015. Hypertension status was determined from medication usage information and self-report status. The causes of death for adults (N=3407) were defined using the International Classification of Disease coding (ICD-10). Urinary BPA levels were considered elevated at ≥1.97 μg/g. Complex Samples Cox Regression was used to assess if BPA levels influence the effect of hypertension on mortality and if this pattern persists across races. Out of the Non-Hispanic Black respondents, 10.5% of males died from hypertension versus 13.1% of females. During the 8.6-year follow-up, the unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) of hypertension to no hypertension for Non-Hispanic Black Adults was 3.22; 95% confidence interval [CI: 2.19-4.75]. The adjusted HR was elevated, 2.98 (CI 1.19-7.46, p = 0.02), among BPA-exposed individuals but closer to 1.0 (1.08 CI 0.45-2.59, p = 0.87) among unexposed individuals, after controlling for medical and demographic risk factors. However, among Non-Hispanic White individuals, increased BPA levels did not significantly influence mortality in those individuals with hypertension. In conclusion, there was increased mortality outcomes among BPA-exposed, Non-Hispanic Black individuals experiencing hypertension than those individuals without hypertension. Due to the chronicity of exposure among environmental hazards, social disparities are compounded over a long period of time. Environmental exposures like BPA should be monitored especially among vulnerable populations and thereby improve hypertension related health outcomes.

TBE in United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Louping Ill ◽  
The Uk ◽  
North And South ◽  
South West England

Until 2019, TBE was considered only to be an imported disease to the United Kingdom. In that year, evidence became available that the TBEV is likely circulating in the country1,2 and a first “probable case” of TBE originating in the UK was reported.3 In addition to TBEV, louping ill virus (LIV), a member of the TBEV-serocomplex, is also endemic in parts of the UK. Reports of clinical disease caused by LIV in livestock are mainly from Scotland, parts of North and South West England and Wales.4

National Astronomy Meeting, Portsmouth (United Kingdom), 23rd–26th June, 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Pamela Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Solar Physics ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Physics Community ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

Around six hundred astronomers and space scientists gathered at the University of Portsmouth in June 2014 for the Royal Astronomical Society’s National Astronomy Meeting (NAM). NAM is one of the largest professional astronomy conferences in Europe, and this year’s gathering included the UK Solar Physics annual meeting as well as attendance from the magnetosphere, ionosphere and solar-terrestrial physics community. Conference tracks ranged from discussion of the molecular universe to cosmic chronometers, and from spectroscopic cosmology to industrial applications of astrophysics and astronomy.

Risk Transferin Public Private Partnership/Private Finance Initiative Procurement Documents:The Differencebetween The United Kingdom and Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Nooriha Abdullah ◽  
Darinka Asenova ◽  
Stephen J. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Private Finance Initiative ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Risk Transfer ◽  
Private Finance ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

The aim of this paper is to analyse the risk transfer issue in Public Private Partnership/Private Finance Initiative (PPP/PFI) procurement documents in the United Kingdom (UK) and Malaysia. It utilises qualitative research methods using documentation and interviews for data collection. The UK documents (guidelines and contracts) identify the risks related to this form of public procurement of services and makeexplicittheappropriateallocation of those risks between the public and the private sector PPP/PFI partners and so the types of risks each party should bear. However, in Malaysia, such allocation of risks was not mentioned in PPP/PFI guidelines. Hence, a question arises regarding whether risk transfer exists in Malaysian PPP/PFI projects, whether in contracts or by other means. This research question is the rationale for the comparative analysis ofdocumentsand practicesrelatingtorisk transfer in the PPP/PFI procurements in both countries. The results clarify risk-related issues that arise in implementing PPP/PFI procurement in Malaysia, in particular how risk is conceptualised, recognised and allocated (whether explicitly or implicitly), whether or not that allocation is intended to achieve optimum risk transfer, and so the implications forachievement ofvalue for moneyor other such objectivesinPPP/PFI.

HIV and other STIs in the United Kingdom: further increases

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Health Protection Agency ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Living With Hiv

The Health Protection Agency Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre for England and Wales and others have reported that the number of people living with HIV in the UK has increased

Research Applications

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
M. J. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Contract Research ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Uk

This paper covers the approach taken by WRc to the practical application of research results. WRc works on an annual programme of research paid for collectively by the UK water utilities totalling ₤15m. In addition contract research is carried out for government largely on environmental matters and for utilities and others on a confidential basis. The approach to the implementation described here deals with the application of results across the whole of the United Kingdom where there are a large number of users of the results but with varying degrees of interest in any particular topic. The requirement is to inform all of the outcome of the work and then to provide the facility of rapid implementation for those who have an immediate requirement to apply the new knowledge and technology.

Volunteering in hospice and palliative care in the United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ros Scott
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Palliative Care Services ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Hospice And Palliative Care ◽  
Changing Role

This chapter explores the history of volunteers in the founding and development of United Kingdom (UK) hospice services. It considers the changing role and influences of volunteering on services at different stages of development. Evidence suggests that voluntary sector hospice and palliative care services are dependent on volunteers for the range and quality of services delivered. Within such services, volunteer trustees carry significant responsibility for the strategic direction of the organiszation. Others are engaged in diverse roles ranging from the direct support of patient and families to public education and fundraising. The scope of these different roles is explored before considering the range of management models and approaches to training. This chapter also considers the direct and indirect impact on volunteering of changing palliative care, societal, political, and legislative contexts. It concludes by exploring how and why the sector is changing in the UK and considering the growing autonomy of volunteers within the sector.

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