7.D. Workshop: Toward a definition of Good Practices in Public Health: state of the art and different experiences

Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) factors are responsible for 11.4% of deaths in Zambia, making WASH a key public health concern. Despite annual waterborne disease outbreaks in the nation’s peri-urban (slum) settlements being linked to poor WASH, few studies have proactively analysed and conceptualised peri-urban WASH and its maintaining factors. Our study aimed to (a) establish residents’ definition of peri-urban WASH and their WASH priorities; and (b) use ecological theory to analyse the peri-urban WASH ecosystem, highlighting maintaining factors. Our study incorporated 16 young people (aged 17–24) residing in peri-urban Lusaka, Zambia in a photovoice exercise. Participants took photographs answering the framing question, ‘What is WASH in your community?’ Then, through contextualisation and basic codifying, participants told the stories of their photographs and made posters to summarise problems and WASH priorities. Participant contextualisation and codifying further underwent theoretical thematic analysis to pinpoint causal factors alongside key players, dissecting the peri-urban WASH ecosystem via the five-tier ecological theory ranging from intrapersonal to public policy levels. Via ecological theory, peri-urban WASH was defined as: (a) poor practice (intrapersonal, interpersonal); (b) a health hazard (community norm); (c) substandard and unregulated (public policy, organisational); and (d) offering hope for change (intrapersonal, interpersonal). Linked to these themes, participant findings revealed a community level gap, with public policy level standards, regulations and implementation having minimal impact on overall peri-urban WASH and public health due to shallow community engagement and poor acknowledgement of the WASH realities of high-density locations. Rather than a top-down approach, participants recommended increased government–resident collaboration, offering residents more ownership and empowerment for intervention, implementation and defending of preferred peri-urban WASH standards.

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Systematic Literature Review on Smart Mobility: A Framework for Future “Quantitative” Developments

Journal of Planning Literature ◽

10.1177/0885412221994246 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088541222199424

Author(s):

Mauro Francini ◽

Lucia Chieffallo ◽

Annunziata Palermo ◽

Maria Francesca Viapiana

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Literature Review ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Performance Indicators ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Broader Impacts ◽

Research Goal ◽

Smart Mobility ◽

Definition Of

This work aims to reorganize theoretical and empirical research on smart mobility through the systematic literature review approach. The research goal is to reach an extended and shared definition of smart mobility using the cluster analysis. The article provides a summary of the state of the art that can have broader impacts in determining new angles for approaching research. In particular, the results will be a reference for future quantitative developments for the authors who are working on the construction of a territorial measurement model of the smartness degree, helping them in identifying performance indicators consistent with the definition proposed.

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Biological monitoring of chemicals: State of the art and research priorities in the definition of Biological Limit Values

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.06.370 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 180 ◽

pp. S149

Author(s):

Giovanna Tranfo ◽

Enrico Paci ◽

Daniela Pigini

Keyword(s):

Biological Monitoring ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Research Priorities ◽

Limit Values ◽

Biological Limit Values ◽

Definition Of

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Interrupted time Series Design to Evaluate ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM Coding Changes on Trends in Colorado Emergency Department visits Related to Traumatic Brain Injury

10.21203/rs.3.rs-134764/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lauren Alexis De Crescenzo ◽

Barbara Alison Gabella ◽

Jewell Johnson

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Interrupted Time Series ◽

Emergency Department Visits ◽

P Value ◽

Icd 10 ◽

The Usa ◽

Definition Of

Abstract Background. The transition in 2015 to the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Disease, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) in the USA led public health professionals to propose a surveillance definition of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that uses ICD-10-CM codes. The proposed definition excludes “unspecified injury of the head,” previously included in the ICD-9-CM TBI definition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this change in surveillance methods on monthly rates of TBI-related emergency department visits in Colorado from 2012 to 2017.Results. The monthly rate of TBI-related emergency department visits in the transition month to ICD-10-CM (October 2015) decreased 41 visits per 100,000 population (p-value <0.0001), compared to September 2015, and remained low through December 2017, due to the exclusion of “unspecified injury of head” (ICD-10-CM code S09.90) in the proposed TBI definition. Conclusion. This study highlights a challenge in creating a standardized set of TBI ICD-10-CM codes for public health surveillance that provides comparable yet clinically relevant estimates over time. The findings inform estimation of TBI magnitude based on ICD coded data and decisions about allocating TBI resources based on an estimated TBI magnitude.

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The Definition of Heat-Wave Within the European Project “Improving Public Health Responses to Heat” (EuroHEAT)

Epidemiology ◽

10.1097/01.ede.0000276716.20303.6e ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 18 (Suppl) ◽

pp. S130 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P Michelozzi ◽

F deʼDonato ◽

D DʼIppoliti ◽

M DʼOvidio ◽

C Marino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Heat Wave ◽

European Project ◽

Definition Of

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Healthcare Students’ Perception of Social Distancing during the 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey

International Journal of Medical Students ◽

10.5195/ijms.2021.820 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Devon L Barrett ◽

Katharine W Rainer ◽

Chao Zhang ◽

Travis W Blalock

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Disease Spread ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Healthcare Students ◽

Common Definition ◽

Grouping Students ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Definition Of

Background: Since the implementation of social distancing practices during the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic there have been a myriad of definitions for ‘social distancing.’ The objective of this study was to determine students’ awareness of the various definitions of social distancing, how strictly they adhered to social distancing guidelines, and how they perceived the importance of various social distancing practices. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was distributed via email to students at Emory-affiliated graduate schools, including the Medical, Nursing, and Public Health Schools. Results: Of the 2,453 recipients of the survey, 415 students responded (16.9% response rate). The majority of respondents were medical students (n=225, 55.6%). Of the respondents, 357 noted that they “frequently” or “always” abided by social distancing. The most common definition of social distancing with which respondents were familiar was the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s (n=276 of 369 responses, 74.8%). There were significant differences across groups when grouping students by the definition of social distancing that they were aware of, the social distancing guideline they most closely followed, and their school of attendance regarding the importance of specific social distancing examples (p<0.05 for each). Conclusions: A survey of healthcare students identified differences in the importance of social distancing practices based on the definition of social distancing that they were aware of. The results of this study underscore the importance of having unified definitions of public health messaging, which ultimately may impact disease spread.

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António Ferreira da Silva and the Teaching of Chemistry at the Academia Politécnica do Porto (1877–1910)

História da Ciência e Ensino construindo interfaces ◽

10.23925/2178-2911.2019v20espp213-221 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 213-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

José Ferraz-Caetano ◽

João Paiva ◽

Francisco Malta Romeiras

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Analytical Chemistry ◽

Nineteenth Century ◽

Health Education ◽

Crucial Role ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Scientific Education ◽

Definition Of ◽

Practical Teaching

Resumo No final do século XIX, a química ganhou notoriedade como uma das principais “ciências ao serviço” da nação. O surgimento de novos tópicos, métodos e práticas úteis contribuíram para a valorização da química e para a definição de medidas governamentais em temas como saúde pública, educação e proteção ambiental. Lente na Academia Politécnica do Porto entre 1877 e 1910, António Ferreira da Silva (1853–1923) desempenhou um papel central na modernização do ensino e da investigação em química em Portugal. Ferreira da Silva foi responsável pela introdução de cursos suplementares de química, pela reformulação do ensino prático, e pela elaboração de novos procedimentos e regulamentos de ensino “que em muito engrandeceram a educação científica” em Portugal. Enquanto lente da Academia Politécnica do Porto, Ferreira da Silva privilegiou ainda a articulação entre o Laboratório da Academia e as indústrias nacionais, contribuindo, em larga medida, para emergência da Química Analítica como uma nova disciplina.Palavras-chave: António Ferreira da Silva; Academia Politécnica do Porto; Química Analítica. Abstract By the turn of the nineteenth century, chemistry had become a “science at the service” of the nation. The emergence of useful topics, methods, and practices contributed to the valorization of chemistry and to the definition of new governmental directives on issues such as public health, education and environment. Lecturer at the Academia Politécnica do Porto between 1877 and 1911, António Ferreira da Silva (1853–1923) played a crucial role in the modernization of the teaching and practice of chemistry in Portugal. Ferreira da Silva created new supplementary chemistry courses, reformed the practical teaching of chemistry, and drafted new proceedings and syllabi “that glorified scientific education” in Portugal. As lecturer of the Academia Politécnica do Porto, he made important steps in the establishment of collaborations between the Academia’s Laboratory and national industries, which largely contributed to the emergence of Analytical Chemistry as an autonomous discipline. Keywords: António Ferreira da Silva; Academia Politécnica do Porto; Analytical Chemistry.

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