scholarly journals Body mass index and mortality in relation to age and follow-up of 30 years in large Austrian cohorts

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Nagel ◽  
R S Peter ◽  
B Föger ◽  
H Concin
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Obesity and its health consequences will dominate health care systems in many countries during the next decades. Prevention programs have been implemented. However, the optimum body mass index (BMI) in relation to all-cause mortality on population level is still a matter of debate. Material and Method Data 1/1989-6/2005 of the Vorarlberg Health Monitoring & Prevention Program (VHM&PP,) and 8/2005-12/2015 for Vorarlberg provided by the Main Association of Austrian Social Security Institutions were analyzed. In both cohorts, information was available on age, sex, measured height and weight as well as the date and cause of death. Generalized additive models were used to model the mortality rate as function of calendar time, age and follow-up. Results The VHM&PP cohort consisted of 85,488 men and 99,873 women and the later of 129,817 men and 152,399 women. In the second cohort, men (mean age 48 (SD16.9) vs. 45.3 (SD 15.5) and women (48.3 (SD 17.7) vs. 45.6 (SD 16.6) years) were slightly older than in the VHM&PP cohort. The average BMI was slightly higher in men (26.1 (SD4.0) vs. 25.7 (SD3.8) kg/m2) but not in women (24.6 (SD 4.8) vs. 24.7 (SD 4.9) kg/m2), respectively. In the VHM&PP cohort more ever smokers were found in both men (40.3 vs. 22.4%) and women (24.8 vs. 18.4%) than in the subsequent cohort. BMI optimum increased slightly between 1985 and 2015, from 24.9 (95%-CI: 24.0-25.9) to 26.4 (25.3-27.3) in men and from 22.4 (21.8-23.1) to 23.3 (22.5-24.5) kg/m2 in women. However, age and follow-up had major impact on the increase. In younger age the associations are quite stable, while in men over 50 years and in women over 60 years the BMI optimum decreased with length of follow-up. Conclusions Overall the BMI optimum increased slightly over time. However, age and follow-up had major impact on the association. These results suggest, that prognosis of obesity related diseases has improved over time. To detangle this further research is necessary. Key messages In Austria the BMI optimum increased slightly over time. Age and follow-up time had major impact on the association.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index and Frailty Among Older Mexican Americans: Findings From an 18-year of Follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 820-820
Author(s):  
Megan Rutherford ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Chih-Ying Li ◽  
Soham Al Snih
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The objective of this study was to examine body mass index (BMI) as predictor of frailty among non-frail Mexican American older adults at baseline. Data are from an 18-year prospective cohort of 1,647 non-institutionalized Mexican American aged ≥ 67 years from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (1995/1996-2012/13). BMI (Kg/m2) was grouped according to the National Institutes of Health obesity standards (<18.5=underweight, 18.5–24.9=normal weight, 25.0–29.9=overweight, 30.0–34.9=obesity category I and ≥ 35=obesity category II and extreme obesity). Frailty was defined as meeting three or more of the following: unintentional weight loss of >10 pounds, weakness, self-reported exhaustion, low physical activity, and slow walking speed. Covariates included socio-demographics, comorbidities, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL). General Estimating Equations were performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of frailty as a function of BMI categories. All variables were analyzed as time varying except for gender and education. Participants in the underweight or obesity type II / morbidity obesity category had increased OR of frailty over time than those in the normal weight category (2.68, 95% CI=1.46-4.9 vs.1.55, 95% CI=1.02-2.35, respectively) after controlling for all covariates. Those who reported arthritis, hip fracture, depressive symptoms, or ADL disability had increased odds of frailty over time. This study showed a U-shaped relationship between BMI and frailty over an 18-year period of follow-up which has implications for maintaining a healthy weight to prevent frailty in this population.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Mass Index and Quality of Life—Population-Based Follow-up Study COURAGE and COURAGE-POLFUS, Poland

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Zawisza ◽  
Beata Tobiasz-Adamczyk ◽  
Aleksander Galas ◽  
Katarzyna Jabłońska ◽  
Tomasz Grodzicki
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Weight Loss Programs

Abstract The study aimed to verify an association between changes in body mass index (BMI) and quality of life (QoL) in a 4-year follow-up in a population-based study in Poland. The results covered data from 1557 adults from the general Polish population who participated in the follow-up survey, performed in two waves: 2011 (COURAGE in Europe); 2015/2016 (COURAGE-POLFUS). Anthropometric measurements and a structured questionnaire including the WHOQOL-AGE scale were used. Regression models were applied to verify whether the observed BMI–QoL association is linear or U-shaped. The inverse U-shaped association between BMI changes and QoL among Polish adults was found using a univariable model. This association was observed in women, whereas in men a linear relationship was found. At the population level, weight loss (BMI decrease of 5–10%) was associated with better QoL in healthy people. The reverse was true in sick people, whose weight loss was observed to be an indicator of poorer QoL. In conclusion, the study suggests an inverse U-shaped association between BMI and quality of life. Better QoL may be considered an additional benefit of public weight loss programs for healthy adults. Further studies focusing on people with some chronic diseases are needed.

Do body mass index (BMI) and history of nutritional supplementation play a role in the severity of COVID-19? A retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Houra Mohseni ◽  
Shirin Amini ◽  
Behnaz Abiri ◽  
Mojtaba Kalantar
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
History Of

Purpose The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that puts strain on health-care systems. Obesity is considered as a risk factor for the severity of infection. Hypotheses also suggested some nutritional supplements may be useful in COVID-19. This paper aims to assess the role of body mass index (BMI) and nutritional supplements on the severity of COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach This research was conducted on 603 participants (in five groups including: exposure to virus and healthy, COVID-19 positive patients with severity of mild, moderate, severe and death from COVID-19), in age 18 to 65 years. Demographic data and history of nutritional supplements were asked. Anthropometric measurements were measured in a healthy group and in a patient. They were collected by referring to patients' medical records. Findings The mean of BMI in groups with severity symptoms of moderate (27.57 kg/m2), severe (29.70 kg/m2) and death persons (28.13 kg/m2), was significantly higher than healthy (26.70 kg/m2) and mild symptoms (26.57 kg/m2) groups (p = 0.001). The logistic regression shown, the fourth quartile of BMI was significantly associated with occurrence of COVID19, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI): [OR: 1.81, (95% CI: 1.13– 2.89), p-for trend = 0.55]. There was no significant difference in the percentage of vitamin C, D3, Zinc, Iron and multivitamin supplements intake, between groups, in the past six months (p = 0.11). Originality/value This study indicated the role of higher BMI in the occurrence and severity of COVID-19. Researches are not enough to recommend consumption of nutritional supplements for the prevention of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Natural course of metabolically healthy phenotype and risk of developing Cardiometabolic diseases: a three years follow-up study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Elías-López ◽  
◽  
Arsenio Vargas-Vázquez ◽  
Roopa Mehta ◽  
Ivette Cruz Bautista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Whether the metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype is a single, stable or a transitional, fluctuating state is currently unknown. The Mexican-Mestizo population has a genetic predisposition for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other cardiometabolic complications. Little is known about the natural history of metabolic health in this population. The aim of this study was to analyze the transitions over time among individuals with different degrees of metabolic health and body mass index, and evaluate the incidence of cardiometabolic outcomes according to phenotype. Methods The study population consisted of a metabolic syndrome cohort with at least 3 years of follow up. Participants were apparently-healthy urban Mexican adults ≥20 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥20 kg/m2. Metabolically healthy phenotype was defined using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) metabolic syndrome criteria and the subjects were stratified into 4 groups according to their BMI and metabolic health. For cardiometabolic outcomes we estimated the incidence of cardiometabolic outcomes and standardized them per 1, 000 person-years of follow-up. Finally, to evaluate the risk for transition and development of cardiometabolic outcomes, we fitted Cox Proportional Hazard regression models. Results Amongst the 5541 subjects, 54.2% were classified as metabolically healthy and 45.8% as unhealthy. The MHO prevalence was 39.3%. Up to a third of the population changed from their initial category to another and the higher transition rate was observed in MHO (42.9%). We also found several novel factors associated to transition to metabolically unhealthy phenotype; socioeconomic status, number of pregnancies, a high carbohydrate intake, history of obesity and consumption of sweetened beverages. Similarly, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was a main predictor of transition; loss of VAT ≥5% was associated with reversion from metabolically unhealthy to metabolically healthy phenotype (hazard ratio (HR) 1.545, 95%CI 1.266–1.886). Finally, we observed higher incidence rates and risk of incident T2D and hypertension in the metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) and metabolically unhealthy lean (MUHL) phenotypes compared to MHO. Conclusions Metabolic health is a dynamic and continuous process, at high risk of transition to metabolically unhealthy phenotypes over time. It is imperative to establish effective processes in primary care to prevent such transitions.

Changes in Body Mass Index and Late Postoperative Outcomes in Elderly Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients: A Follow-up Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Ann DiMaria-Ghalili
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this study was to describe the extent to which late postoperative health outcomes vary as a function of change in body mass index (BMI) in persons 65 years of age undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The mean age of the 90 persons in the original sample was 72.27 (±4.85) years. At follow-up (x = 18.73,s = 2.56 months postsurgery), 90% (n = 79 alive,n = 2 deceased, proxy completed interview) were contacted; 73% (n = 59) completed the telephone interview; and 9% (n = 8) were alive but lost to follow-up. BMI (kg/m2) was calculated from self-reported weight at follow-up. Outcomes included the Physical Component Summary (PCS) scale of the SF-36 Health Survey and readmission data. Thex (s ) for BMI at preoperative, postoperative, postdischarge, and follow-up were 28.1 (4.9) kg/ m2 , 28.76 (4.9) kg/m2, 27.11 (4.8) kg/m2, and 27.95 (4.7) kg/m2, respectively. BMI changed over time,P < 0.05. Those who were readmitted lost more weight between preoperative and postdischarge than those who were not readmitted (x BMI = –2.26 vs.x BMI = –1.35),t = 2.17,df = 27.05,P = 0.04. Those who lost less weight between preoperative and postdischarge were less likely to be readmitted,.2 = 5.755 (1),P = 0.02, with 25% sensitivity and 92% specificity. Thex (sx) for PCS at preoperative, postdischarge, and follow-up were 36.93 (1.62), 35.72 (1.27), and 42.26 (1.45), respectively, reflecting change over time,F = 11.43 (2),P < 0.001. At follow-up, older elective CABG patients do not appear to regain weight lost between preoperative and postdischarge; however, self-reported physical health is improved. Also, initial weight loss is related to readmissions.

scholarly journals Postpartum Fitness and Body Mass Index Changes in Active Duty Navy Women

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E Rogers ◽  
Zeina G Khodr ◽  
Anna T Bukowinski ◽  
Ava Marie S Conlin ◽  
Dennis J Faix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Maternity Leave ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Institutional Review Boards ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Introduction Active duty Navy women participate in biannual Physical Fitness Assessments (PFAs), which include height and weight measurements and a Physical Readiness Test (PRT). PFAs are waived during pregnancy and resume the cycle after 6 months following maternity leave. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in PFA results over time between women who had or did not have a live birth during the follow-up period, and identify characteristics of women with lower PFA results postpartum. Materials and Methods This longitudinal study included 14,142 active duty Navy women, aged 19–40 years, with PFA results during July 2011–June 2015. Multivariable logistic regression, Stuart-Maxwell tests, and mixed effects modeling were used to examine changes in PRT scores and body mass index over time between women with and without a live birth during follow-up. All data were analyzed in 2017. This study was approved by the institutional review boards at the Uniformed Services University Office of Research and the Naval Health Research Center, and informed consent was waived in accordance with 32 CFR § 219.116(d). Results Postpartum women had increased odds of PRT failures (AOR = 3.88, 95% CI: 1.44–10.40) and lower PRT scores (AOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.12–1.92) up to 2.5 years postpartum, versus women without a live birth. Being enlisted, obese/overweight prepregnancy, and younger were risk factors for suboptimal PFA outcomes. Mean core strength and cardiovascular endurance, but not upper body strength, scores were significantly lower in postpartum women at 1 year postpartum versus women without a live birth. Conclusions Our findings show that additional interventions may be needed to assist women in returning to prepregnancy fitness up to 1 year postpartum. Future studies should examine additional factors that may improve postpartum fitness in addition to enhancing maternity leave policies.

Body Mass Index Trajectory and Incident Hypertension: Results From a Longitudinal Cohort of Chinese Children and Adolescents, 2006–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 1689-1695
Author(s):  
Xijie Wang ◽  
Bin Dong ◽  
Sizhe Huang ◽  
Yinghua Ma ◽  
Zhiyong Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
The Mean

Objectives. To identify body mass index (BMI) trajectories in Chinese children and to compare the risk of incident high blood pressure (HBP) across trajectory groups. Methods. A total of 9286 children were included. The mean age at baseline was 8.9 years; age at endpoint ranged between 16 and 18 years. At least 8 measurements were obtained from each involved child. We used group-based trajectory modeling to identify BMI trajectory groups in each sex. We used blood pressure from each measurement to define HBP. Results. We identified 4 BMI trajectories for each sex. Compared with the low trajectory group, the hazard ratios of HBP in the higher trajectory groups ranged from 1.17 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11, 1.23) to 2.00 (95% CI = 1.78, 2.27) during follow-up, and HBP risk at late adolescence ranged from 1.36 (95% CI = 1.22, 1.52) to 3.63 (95% CI = 3.12, 4.21). All trend P values across trajectories were less than .001. In terms of population level, overweight started 3 years earlier than HBP. Conclusions. Children of higher BMI trajectories had a higher risk of HBP during adolescence. The transition period from overweight to HBP onset could be critical for HBP prevention.

scholarly journals Statistical methods for body mass index: A selective review

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 798-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keming Yu ◽  
Xi Liu ◽  
Rahim Alhamzawi ◽  
Frauke Becker ◽  
Joanne Lord
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Public Health Action ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Statistical Library ◽  
Effective Public Health

Obesity rates have been increasing over recent decades, causing significant concern among policy makers. Excess body fat, commonly measured by body mass index, is a major risk factor for several common disorders including diabetes and cardiovascular disease, placing a substantial burden on health care systems. To guide effective public health action, we need to understand the complex system of intercorrelated influences on body mass index. This paper, based on all eligible articles searched from Global health, Medline and Web of Science databases, reviews both classical and modern statistical methods for body mass index analysis. We give a description of each of these methods, exploring the classification, links and differences between them and the reasons for choosing one over the others in different settings. We aim to provide a key resource and statistical library for researchers in public health and medicine to deal with obesity and body mass index data analysis.

Associations Between Motor Competence, Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity, and Body Mass Index Among Preschoolers Over 1 Year

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sandra Silva-Santos ◽  
Amanda Santos ◽  
Clarice Martins ◽  
Michael Duncan ◽  
Maria João Lagoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Sample Height ◽  
Movement Assessment ◽  
Over Time

Background: To examine the associations between motor competence (MC), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and body mass index (BMI) changes over 1 year in preschoolers. Methods: Fifty-four preschoolers (24 girls; 42.4%) aged 4–5 years old from the metropolitan area of Porto, Portugal comprised the sample. Height, body mass, and BMI were calculated. MC was assessed according to the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2. MVPA was measured by accelerometry. For each participant, changes in MVPA, MC, and BMI over a year were computed. Different levels of MC were calculated; and then data were analyzed. Results: The MVPA increased over time in all levels of MC in the follow-up. The BMI decreased over time for all levels in follow-up (P = .001). The preschoolers classified as at a high level of MC were more likely to spend more time in MVPA (in minutes) than their counterparts with low MC in follow-up. Multiple linear regression analyses, adjusted by sex and age, were fit to predict Δ% MC by Δ% MVPA and Δ% BMI. The Δ% MC was positively associated with Δ% MVPA. Conclusion: Increases in MC were positively associated with MVPA. Higher performance in MC increases due to time spent in MVPA. Improvement of MC in young children has potentially relevant policy implications related to MVPA and public health.

Exercise restriction is not associated with increasing body mass index over time in patients with anomalous aortic origin of the coronary arteries

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1538-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Meza ◽  
Matthew D. Elias ◽  
Travis J. Wilder ◽  
James E. O’Brien ◽  
Richard W. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Exercise Restriction ◽  
Over Time

AbstractAnomalous aortic origin of the coronary arteries is associated with exercise-induced ischaemia, leading some physicians to restrict exercise in patients with this condition. We sought to determine whether exercise restriction was associated with increasing body mass index over time. From 1998 to 2015, 440 patients ⩽30 years old were enrolled into an inception cohort. Exercise-restriction status was documented in 143 patients. Using linear mixed model repeated-measures regression, factors associated with increasing body mass index z-score over time, including exercise restriction and surgical intervention as time-varying covariates, were investigated. The 143 patients attended 558 clinic visits for which exercise-restriction status was recorded. The mean number of clinic visits per patient was 4, and the median duration of follow-up was 1.7 years (interquartile range (IQR) 0.5–4.4). The median age at first clinic visit was 10.3 years (IQR 7.1–13.9), and 71% (101/143) were males. All patients were alive at their most recent follow-up. At the first clinic visit, 54% (78/143) were exercise restricted, and restriction status changed in 34% (48/143) during follow-up. The median baseline body mass index z-score was 0.2 (IQR 0.3–0.9). In repeated-measures analysis, neither time-related exercise restriction nor its interaction with time was associated with increasing body mass index z-score. Surgical intervention and its interaction with time were associated with decreasing body mass index z-score. Although exercise restriction was not associated with increasing body mass index over time, surgical intervention was associated with decreasing body mass index z-score over time in patients with anomalous aortic origin of the coronary arteries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document