Motivation for change, cornerstone of diabetes self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract Background Personal motivation for change plays a fundamental role in creation of sustainable changes regarding diabetes self-management. The aim of this study is to assess the motivation as well as the relation between the level of patient`s motivation in relation to disease characteristics, metabolic control, behavioral determinants and the barriers patients encounter in diabetes self-management. Methods The data for this cross-sectional study were obtained by combining anthropometric measurements (body mass index-BMI), biochemical parameters (glycosylated hemoglobin-HbA1c) and by interviewing respondents using certain sub-scale of a structured Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (PDQ). Results The sample consisted of 117 respondents with T2DM. The majority (61.06%) was not motivated to make self-management changes. Non-motivated respondents were older than 65 years of age (X^2=8,046; p = 0.005) and had: a lower level of education (X^2=35.320; p = 0.000), diabetes for more than 10 years, poor glyco-regulation (90,14%) and were overweight / obese (81,7%). Motivated respondent were more physically active (X^2=6.439; p = 0.000), more adherent to anti-hyperglucemic therapy (OHAs) (X^2=9.673; p = 0,002), and more adherent to dietary regime. Average barrier scores: in the following healthy diet [t=-7.960; p = 0.000], in therapeutic adherence [t=-4.318; p = 0.000] and physical activity [t=-6.439; p = 0.000] were also statistically significantly different with the high impact in relation to respondents’ motivation. Conclusions Assessment of the motivation for changes in diabetes self-management should become an integral part of monitoring patients with T2DM in Primary Health Care (PHC). In this way, individual advisory strategies could be developed, because motivated and not motivated persons have different needs for counseling. Key messages Motivated and not motivated persons with T2DM have different needs for counseling. Assessment of the motivation for changes in diabetes self-management should become an integral part of monitoring patients with T2DM.

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Impact of COVID‐19 and Partial Lockdown on Access to Care, Self‐Management and Psychological Well‐being among People with Diabetes: A Cross‐sectional Study

International Journal of Clinical Practice ◽

10.1111/ijcp.14319 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ester Yeoh ◽

Soon Guan Tan ◽

Ying Shan Lee ◽

Hwee Huan Tan ◽

Ying Yee Low ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Access To Care ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Management ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being

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Physical Activity Patterns of Women with a Twin Pregnancy—A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18157724 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 7724

Author(s):

Katarzyna Kwiatkowska ◽

Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska ◽

Izabela Walasik ◽

Agnieszka Osińska ◽

Iwona Szymusik

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Twin Pregnancy ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Multiple Pregnancy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active

Background: No specific physical activity guidelines are available for women in multiple pregnancy. Aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and experience of women regarding physical activity during their latest twin pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study including women after a twin delivery was conducted in Poland. A questionnaire was distributed in 2018 via web pages and Facebook groups designed for pregnant women. Results: 652 women filled out the questionnaire completely. Only 25% of women performed any physical exercises during twin gestation. The frequency of preterm delivery was similar in physically active and non-active participants. 35% of the respondents claimed to have gained information on proper activity from obstetricians during antenatal counselling while 11% claimed to be unable to identify the reliable sources of information. 7% of women admitted to feel discriminated by social opinion on exercising during a twin pregnancy. Conclusions: The population of women with a twin gestation is not sufficiently physically active and is often discouraged from performing exercises during gestation. Therefore, it is crucial to inform obstetricians to recommend active lifestyle during a twin gestation and to provide reliable information on physical activity to pregnant women. Further research on this topic is necessary in order for obstetric providers to counsel women on appropriate exercise with a twin pregnancy.

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Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Young Workers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18042153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 2153

Author(s):

José Andrade Louzado ◽

Matheus Lopes Cortes ◽

Márcio Galvão Oliveira ◽

Vanessa Moraes Bezerra ◽

Sóstenes Mistro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Young Workers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Significance Level ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Assess Quality

Background: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the quality of life of young workers of a Social Work of Industry Unit. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 1270 workers. Data were collected using a digital questionnaire built on the KoBoToolbox platform that included the EUROHIS-QOL eight-item index to assess quality of life. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and clinical variables were considered explanatory. The associations were analyzed using the ordinal logistic regression model at a 5% significance level. Results: Men and women had a mean quality of life of 31.1 and 29.4, respectively. Workers that rated their health as “very good” had an odds ratio of 7.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.17–10.81), and those who rated it as “good” had an odds ratio of 2.9 (95% CI = 2.31–3.77). Both these groups of workers were more likely to have higher levels of quality of life as compared to workers with “regular”, “poor”, or “very poor” self-rated health. Physically active individuals were 30% more likely to have higher levels of quality of life (odds ratio = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.08–1.65). After adjusting the model by gender, age group, marital status, socioeconomic class, self-rated health, nutritional status, and risky alcohol consumption, the odds ratio of active individuals remained stable (odds ratio = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.05–1.66). Conclusions: In the present study, self-rated health, physical activity, and gender were associated with young workers’ quality of life.

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Asthma self-management at work, asthma morbidity, and the subjective prognosis of gainful employment – the role of work engagement and overcommitment: a cross-sectional study

Journal of Asthma ◽

10.1080/02770903.2021.1892751 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Katherina Heinrichs ◽

Konrad Schultz ◽

Stefan Hummel ◽

Olaf Jütjens ◽

Adrian Loerbroks

Keyword(s):

Work Engagement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Management ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthma Morbidity ◽

Gainful Employment

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Activities and risk factors associated with fall-related injuries among US Army soldiers

BMJ Military Health ◽

10.1136/bmjmilitary-2020-001564 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001564

Author(s):

Raina D Brooks ◽

T Grier ◽

B H Jones ◽

M C Chervak

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Us Army ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Younger Age ◽

Near Falls ◽

Independent Risk Factors ◽

Army Soldiers

IntroductionFalls/near falls are the second leading cause of hospitalisation and outpatient visits among US Army soldiers. While numerous studies have evaluated fall-related or near fall-related injuries among elderly adults, few have evaluated this association among young adults. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among male US Army soldiers.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of male US Army Airborne Division soldiers (n=5187). Electronic surveys captured demographic, lifestyle, physical training (PT), fitness and injury data during spring/summer of 2016. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors of fall-related or near fall-related injuries, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsPrimary findings indicated that activities and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among soldiers included younger age (≤35 years), holding a job that required minimal lifting activities, slower 2-mile run times and not running during personal PT.ConclusionsThe findings from this study suggest that male US Army soldiers and other physically active men may benefit from (1) obtaining and/or maintaining higher aerobic endurance and muscular strength, and (2) training focused on preventing fall-related injuries during PT, road marching and sports/recreational activities. Moreover, prevention strategies and education should further target younger soldiers (≤35 years old), as younger age is not modifiable.

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Self‐management of depression among Chinese community individuals: A cross‐sectional study using the transtheoretical model

Perspectives In Psychiatric Care ◽

10.1111/ppc.12779 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Run Huang ◽

Xiao Q. Wang ◽

Bing X. Yang ◽

Zhongchun Liu ◽

Wen C. Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Management ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chinese Community ◽

Cross Sectional

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Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Alcohol Consumers

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/0890117120985830 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089011712098583

Author(s):

Mats Hallgren ◽

Davy Vancampfort ◽

Thi-Thuy-Dung Nguyen ◽

Elin Ekblom-Bak ◽

Peter Wallin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Health Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cycle Ergometer ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Alcohol Abstainers

Purpose: To describe physical activity habits, sedentary behavior, and cardiorespiratory fitness levels among alcohol abstainers, hazardous and non-hazardous drinkers. Design: Cross-sectional study with data collected between 2017-19. Setting: Sweden. Subjects: Adults aged 18-65 years (n = 47,559; 59.4% male). Measures: During a routine health assessment, participants answered validated single-item questions regarding: habitual physical activity, structured exercise, and the percentage of time spent sedentary during leisure-time (past 30 days), and completed a 6-minute cycle ergometer test (V02max) to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Participants were categorized as alcohol abstainers, non-hazardous drinkers or hazardous drinkers (low/high) based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) cut-points for men and women. Analysis: Logistic regression models stratified by sex and age. Results: Compared to non-hazardous drinkers, the heaviest drinkers were less physically active (males: OR = 1.38, CI = 1.13-1.67, p = .001; females: OR = 1.41, CI = 1.01-1.97, p = .040) and more sedentary during leisure time (males: OR = 1.94, CI = 1.62-2.32, p = .000; females: OR = 1.62, CI = 1.21-2.16, p = .001). Apart from young females, the heaviest drinkers also did less structured exercise than non-hazardous drinkers (males: OR = 1.22, CI = 1.15-1.51, p = .000; females: OR = 1.43, CI = 1.15-1.78, p = .001). The strongest associations were seen among adults aged 40-65 years (shown here). High-hazardous drinking was associated with low CRF among older males only (OR = 1.19, CI = 1.00-1.41). Conclusion: Middle-aged adults with AUDIT-C scores of ≥6 (women) and ≥7 (men) were less physically active and more sedentary during leisure time and may be appropriate targets for physical activity interventions.

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