scholarly journals Parental mental vulnerability and use of healthcare services in infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Heuckendorff ◽  
M B Johansen ◽  
C Overgaard ◽  
S P Johnsen ◽  
K Fonager
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Parental Mental Illness ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Parental mental illness has been associated with a number of consequences for the health and use of healthcare services of the child. However, most research has focused on maternal depression. Research examining the impact of paternal mental vulnerability (MV) as well as different degrees of MV are needed to plan interventions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the association between different categories of individual and combined parental MV and the child’s use of healthcare services the first year of life. Methods A population-based birth cohort study was conducted including all Danish children born from 2000-2016 using the Danish national registers. Exposure was parental MV of three categories according to the degree of MV: Group 1 “minor MV” with mental related contacts to primary healthcare and/or prescribed psychopharmaceuticals, group 2 “moderate MV” and group 3 “severe MV” both with contacts to psychiatric hospital. Outcome was contacts to GP the first year of life expressed as incidence-rate ratios (IRR) using Poission’s regression analyses. Results The analyses included 952,709 children. 21% of the mothers and 11% of the fathers were in the MV groups. Parental MV (any parent, any MV-group) was associated with an increased risk of GP contacts daytime and out-of-hour contacts. If both parents were classified as group 1 MV, IRR were 1.21 (CI95 1.20-1.22). IRR were 1.18 (1.17-1.18) resp. IRR 1.05 (1.04-1.06) if only the mother resp. father were in MV group 1. The same pattern were seen for out-of-hour contacts; IRR 1.28 (1.26-1.31) for both parents in group 1 and IRR 1.19 (1.18-1.20) resp. IRR 1.09 (1.08-1.11) for the mother resp. father. Conclusions Maternal and paternal MV were associated with an increased risk of GP contacts daytime and out-of-hour contacts although maternal MV had the highest risk. Even minor MV had an impact on healthcare contacts and the risk increased further if both parents were classified as minor MV. Key messages Both maternal and paternal mental vulnerability has an impact on the child’s healthcare contacts. Our results indicate the need for a focus also on minor mental vulnerability in the planning of interventions.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding, maternal asthma and wheezing in the first year of life: a longitudinal birth cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1602019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan B. Azad ◽  
Lorena Vehling ◽  
Zihang Lu ◽  
David Dai ◽  
Padmaja Subbarao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Adjusted Rate ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Impact

The impact of breastfeeding on respiratory health is uncertain, particularly when the mother has asthma. We examined the association of breastfeeding and wheezing in the first year of life.We studied 2773 infants from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort. Caregivers reported on infant feeding and wheezing episodes at 3, 6 and 12 months. Breastfeeding was classified as exclusive, partial (supplemented with formula or complementary foods) or none.Overall, 21% of mothers had asthma, 46% breastfed for at least 12 months and 21% of infants experienced wheezing. Among mothers with asthma, breastfeeding was inversely associated with infant wheezing, independent of maternal smoking, education and other risk factors (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 0.52; 95% CI 0.35–0.77 for ≥12 versus <6 months breastfeeding). Compared with no breastfeeding at 6 months, wheezing was reduced by 62% with exclusive breastfeeding (aRR 0.38; 95% CI 0.20–0.71) and by 37% with partial breastfeeding supplemented with complementary foods (aRR 0.63; 95% CI 0.43–0.93); however, breastfeeding was not significantly protective when supplemented with formula (aRR 0.89; 95% CI 0.61–1.30). Associations were not significant in the absence of maternal asthma (p-value for interaction <0.01).Breastfeeding appears to confer protection against wheezing in a dose-dependent manner among infants born to mothers with asthma.

scholarly journals Acid-suppressive medications in the first year of life and risk of childhood asthma: a population-based birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2000197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Barbiellini Amidei ◽  
Rosanna Comoretto ◽  
Loris Zanier ◽  
Daniele Donà ◽  
Anna Cantarutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Reduced Efficacy of Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Malnourished Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1753-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Danquah ◽  
Ekkehart Dietz ◽  
Philipp Zanger ◽  
Klaus Reither ◽  
Peter Ziniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
First Year ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Intermittent preventive treatment in infants with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTi-SP) reduces malaria episodes by 20 to 59% across Africa. This protective efficacy, however, may be affected by the high frequency of malnutrition in African infants. We analyzed the impact of malnutrition as defined by anthropometry on the incidence of malaria and on the protective efficacy of IPTi in a cohort of 1,200 children in northern Ghana, where malaria is hyperendemic. These children received IPTi-SP or placebo at 3, 9, and 15 months of age and were monitored until 24 months of age. Malnutrition was present in 32, 40, and 50% of children at ages 3, 9, and 15 months, respectively. It was associated with increased risks of severe anemia and death but not an increased risk of malaria. Although malaria slightly contributed to chronic malnutrition, IPTi did not substantially improve child growth. Importantly, the protective efficacies of IPTi in malnourished children were roughly half or even less of those observed in nonmalnourished children. In the first year of life, IPTi reduced the incidence of malaria to a significantly lesser extent in infants who received both doses in a malnourished condition (25%; 95% confidence interval [CI], −7 to 48%) compared to that of nonmalnourished children (46%; 95% CI, 30 to 58%; P = 0.049). Moreover, in contrast to nutritionally advantaged children, the rate of severe malaria appeared to be increased in malnourished children who took IPTi. IPTi might exhibit reduced efficacy in regions of abundant malnutrition. Concomitant nutrition programs may be needed in these places to achieve the desired impact.

Increased Risk for Depression After Breast Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study of Associated Factors in Denmark, 1998-2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (34) ◽  
pp. 3831-3839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nis P. Suppli ◽  
Christoffer Johansen ◽  
Jane Christensen ◽  
Lars V. Kessing ◽  
Niels Kroman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
First Year ◽  
Node Positive ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Node Positive Disease ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Hospital Contact ◽  
Risk For Depression

Purpose To investigate the risk for first depression, assessed as incident hospital contacts for depression and incident use of antidepressants, among women with breast cancer. Patients and Methods Danish national registries were used to identify 1,997,669 women with no diagnosis of cancer or a major psychiatric disorder. This cohort was followed from 1998 to 2011 for a diagnosis of breast cancer and for the two outcomes, hospital contact for depression and redeemed prescriptions for antidepressants. Rate ratios for incident hospital contacts for depression and incident use of antidepressants were estimated with Poisson regression models. Multivariable Cox regression was used to evaluate factors associated with the two outcomes among patients with breast cancer. Results We identified 44,494 women with breast cancer. In the first year after diagnosis, the rate ratio for a hospital contact for depression was 1.70 (95% CI 1.41 to 2.05) and that for use of antidepressants was 3.09 (95% CI 2.95 to 3.22); these rate ratios were significantly increased after 3 and 8 years, respectively. Comorbidity, node-positive disease, older age, basic and vocational educational levels, and living alone were associated with use of antidepressants. Conclusion Women with breast cancer are at long-term increased risk for first depression, including both severe episodes leading to hospital contact and use of antidepressants. Clinicians should be aware that the risk is highest in women with comorbid conditions, node-positive disease, and age of 70 years or more. We found no clear association between type of surgery or adjuvant treatment and risk for depression.

Acute respiratory symptoms and general illness during the first year of life: A population-based birth cohort study

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 584-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Louise von Linstow ◽  
Klaus Kähler Holst ◽  
Karina Larsen ◽  
Anders Koch ◽  
Per Kragh Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

Microscopic Colitis and Risk Of Cancer—AA Population-Based Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bergman ◽  
Hamed Khalili ◽  
Bjorn Roelstraete ◽  
Jonas F Ludvigsson
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Microscopic Colitis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Aims The association between microscopic colitis [MC] and cancer risk is unclear. Large, population-based studies are lacking. Methods We conducted a nationwide cohort study of 11 758 patients with incident MC [diagnosed 1990–2016 in Sweden], 50 828 matched reference individuals, and 11 614 siblings to MC patients. Data were obtained through Sweden´s pathology departments and from the Swedish Cancer Register. Adjusted hazard ratios [aHRs] were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results At the end of follow-up [mean: 6.7 years], 1239 [10.5%] of MC patients had received a cancer diagnosis, compared with 4815 [9.5%] of reference individuals (aHR 1.08 [95% confidence interval1.02–1.16]). The risk of cancer was highest during the first year of follow up. The absolute excess risks for cancer at 5, 10, and 20 years after MC diagnosis were + 1.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4%-1.6%), +1.5% [0.4%-2.6%], and + 3.7% [-2.3–9.6%], respectively, equivalent to one extra cancer event in every 55 individuals with MC followed for 10 years. MC was associated with an increased risk of lymphoma (aHR 1.43 [1.06–1.92]) and lung cancer (aHR 1.32 [1.04–1.68]) but with decreased risks of colorectal (aHR 0.52 [0.40–0.66]) and gastrointestinal cancers (aHR 0.72 [0.60–0.85]). We found no association with breast or bladder cancer. Using siblings as reference group to minimise the impact of shared genetic and early environmental factors, patients with MC were still at an increased risk of cancer (HR 1.20 [1.06–1.36]). Conclusions This nationwide cohort study demonstrated an 8% increased risk of cancer in MC patients. The risk was highest during the first year of follow-up.

scholarly journals Use of biologics during pregnancy and risk of serious infections in the mother and baby: a Canadian population-based cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e023714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole W Tsao ◽  
Larry D Lynd ◽  
Eric C Sayre ◽  
Mohsen Sadatsafavi ◽  
Gillian Hanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
In Utero ◽  
First Year ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Multivariable Models ◽  
First Year Of Life

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between exposure to biologics during pregnancy and serious infections in mothers and infants.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingPopulation-based.ParticipantsWomen with one or more autoimmune diseases identified by International Classification of Diseases 9th/10th revision codes in healthcare administrative databases in British Columbia, Canada, who had pregnancies ending in a live or stillbirth between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2012. Women were defined as exposed if they had at least one biologic prescription during pregnancy, and infants born to these women were considered exposed in utero. Disease-matched women with no biologics prescriptions during pregnancy, and their infants, comprised the unexposed groups.Primary outcome measuresSerious infections requiring hospitalisation.ResultsOver the 10-year study period, there were 6218 women (8607 pregnancies) who had an autoimmune disease diagnosis, of which 90 women were exposed to biologics during pregnancy, with 100 babies born to these women. Among women exposed to biologics during pregnancy, occurrence of serious postpartum infections were low, ranging from 0% to 5%, depending on concomitant exposures to immunosuppressants. In multivariable models using logistic regression, the OR for the association of biologics exposure with serious maternal postpartum infections was 0.79 (95% CI 0.24 to 2.54). In infants exposed to biologics in utero, occurrence of serious infections during the first year of life ranged from 0% to 7%, depending on concomitant exposures to immunosuppressants in utero. Multivariable models showed no association between biologics exposure in utero and serious infant infections (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.17 to 1.81).ConclusionsThese population-based data suggest that the use of biologics by women with autoimmune diseases during pregnancy is not associated with an increased risk of serious infections in mothers, during post partum or in infants during the first year of life.

Antibiotic exposure in the first year of life and later treated asthma, a population based birth cohort study of 143,000 children

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisella Pitter ◽  
Jonas Filip Ludvigsson ◽  
Pierantonio Romor ◽  
Loris Zanier ◽  
Renzo Zanotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Antibiotic Exposure ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Nutrition- and feeding practice-related risk factors for rapid weight gain during the first year of life: a population-based birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelie Lindholm ◽  
Stefan Bergman ◽  
Bernt Alm ◽  
Ann Bremander ◽  
Jovanna Dahlgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Background Rapid weight gain (RWG) during infancy increases the risk of excess weight later in life. Nutrition- and feeding practices associated with RWG need to be further examined. The present study aimed to examine nutrition- and feeding practice-related risk factors for RWG during the first year of life. Methods A population-based longitudinal birth cohort study of 1780 infants, classified as having RWG or non-RWG during 0–3-4, 0–6 and 6–12 months. RWG was defined as a change > 0.67 in weight standard deviation scores. Associations between nutrition- and feeding practice-related factors and RWG were examined with logistic regression models. Results Of the participating infants, 47% had RWG during 0–3-4 months, 46% during 0–6 months and 8% during 6–12 months. In the fully adjusted models, bottle-feeding at birth and at 3–4 months and nighttime meals containing formula milk were positively associated with RWG during 0–3-4 months (p < 0.05 for all). Breastfeeding at 3–4 months and nighttime meals containing breast milk were negatively associated with RWG during this period (p < 0.001). Bottle-feeding at birth, 3–4 and 6 months and nighttime meals containing formula milk at 3–4 months were positively associated with RWG during 0–6 months (p < 0.01 for all). Breastfeeding at 3–4 and 6 months was negatively associated with RWG (p < 0.01). During 6–12 months, only bottle-feeding at 3–4 months was positively associated with RWG (p < 0.05). Conclusions RWG was more common during the first 6 months of life and bottle-feeding and formula milk given at night were risk factors for RWG during this period.

Retinopathy of Prematurity-Induced Blindness: Birth Weight-Specific Survival and the New Epidemic

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-412
Author(s):  
Donna L. Gibson ◽  
Samuel B. Sheps ◽  
Soo Hong ◽  
Martin T. Schechter ◽  
Andrew Q. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
First Year ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Impact

A recent population-based study in the Canadian province of British Columbia showed that, since the mid-1960s, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity-induced blindness in infants weighing 750 to 999 g at birth. To determine the impact of changing birth weight-specific survival on this new epidemic, all infants born in the province in the period 1952 through 1986 and known to the British Columbia Health Surveillance Registry as having retinopathy of prematurity-induced blindness were identified. In addition, the birth registration records for the 1 299 740 infants born in British Columbia in the same period and the death records of the 22 940 British Columbia-born infants who died in the province before the end of their first year of life were linked using a combination of probabilistic and manual record linkage techniques. These linked records and the records from the Health Surveillance Registry were used to calculate birth weight-specific incidence rates of retinopathy of prematurity-induced blindness in liveborn infants and first-year-of-life survivors. The rates, in 5-year intervals, showed that, in both liveborn infants and first-year survivors, the highest birth weight-specific rates occurred during the first epidemic of retinopathy of prematurity, which ended in British Columbia in 1954. Since the mid- to late-1960s, the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity-induced blindness in liveborn infants weighing less than 1000 g increased steadily whereas in infants weighing 1000 to 1499 g, incidence decreased slightly since the original epidemic ended. However, the experience of first-year-of-life survivors is substantially different. In survivors weighing 500 to 749 g at birth, incidence has decreased since the mid-1970s, whereas in survivors weighing 750 to 999 g, incidence has been stable since 1965. In infants weighing 1000 to 1499 g, the slight trend toward decreasing rates observed in livebirths since the end of the original epidemic is more pronounced. Thus, these results substantiate the idea that the new epidemic of retinopathy of prematurity-induced blindness in infants weighing less than 1000 g is a function of increasing birth weight-specific survival.

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