Stimulation of Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction in Response to Sulfate in Microcosm Incubations from Two Contrasting Temperate Peatlands near Ithaca, NY, USA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R St James ◽  
Ruth E Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Carbon Flow ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Community Responses ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract Peatlands are responsible for over half of wetland methane emissions, yet major uncertainties remain regarding carbon flow, especially when increased availability of electron acceptors stimulate competing physiologies. We used microcosm incubations to study the effects of sulfate on microorganisms in two temperate peatlands, one bog and one fen. Three different electron donor treatments were used (13C-acetate, 13C-formate, and a mixture of 12C short-chain fatty acids) to elucidate the responses of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and methanogens to sulfate stimulation. Methane production was measured and metagenomic sequencing was performed, with only the heavy DNA fraction sequenced from treatments receiving 13C electron donors. Our data demonstrate stimulation of dissimilatory sulfate reduction in both sites, with contrasting community responses. In McLean Bog (MB), hydrogenotrophic Deltaproteobacteria and acetotrophic Peptococcaceae lineages of SRB were stimulated, as were lineages with unclassified dissimilatory sulfite reductases. In Michigan Hollow Fen (MHF), there was little stimulation of Peptococcaceae populations, and a small stimulation of Deltaproteobacteria SRB populations only in the presence of formate as electron donor. Sulfate stimulated an increase in relative abundance of reads for both oxidative and reductive sulfite reductases, suggesting stimulation of an internal sulfur cycle. Together, these data indicate a stimulation of SRB activity in response to sulfate in both sites, with a stronger growth response in MB than MHF. This study provides valuable insights into microbial community responses to sulfate in temperate peatlands and is an important first step to understanding how SRB and methanogens compete to regulate carbon flow in these systems.

scholarly journals Pseudodesulfovibrio cashew sp. Nov., a Novel Deep-Sea Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium, Linking Heavy Metal Resistance and Sulfur Cycle

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Rikuan Zheng ◽  
Shimei Wu ◽  
Chaomin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Metal Sulfides ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Sulfate Reducing

Sulfur cycling is primarily driven by sulfate reduction mediated by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in marine sediments. The dissimilatory sulfate reduction drives the production of enormous quantities of reduced sulfide and thereby the formation of highly insoluble metal sulfides in marine sediments. Here, a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium designated Pseudodesulfovibrio cashew SRB007 was isolated and purified from the deep-sea cold seep and proposed to represent a novel species in the genus of Pseudodesulfovibrio. A detailed description of the phenotypic traits, phylogenetic status and central metabolisms of strain SRB007 allowed the reconstruction of the metabolic potential and lifestyle of a novel member of deep-sea SRB. Notably, P. cashew SRB007 showed a strong ability to resist and remove different heavy metal ions including Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+. The dissimilatory sulfate reduction was demonstrated to contribute to the prominent removal capability of P. cashew SRB007 against different heavy metals via the formation of insoluble metal sulfides.

scholarly journals L-Cysteine Synthase Enhanced Sulfide Biotransformation in Subtropical Marine Mangrove Sediments as Revealed by Metagenomics Analysis

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3053
Author(s):  
Shuming Mo ◽  
Jinhui Li ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Shiqing Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Taxonomic Assignment ◽  
Total Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Cysteine Synthase

High sulfides concentrations can be poisonous to environment because of anthropogenic waste production or natural occurrences. How to elucidate the biological transformation mechanisms of sulfide pollutants in the subtropical marine mangrove ecosystem has gained increased interest. Thus, in the present study, the sulfide biotransformation in subtropical mangroves ecosystem was accurately evaluated using metagenomic sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Most abundant genes were related to the organic sulfur transformation. Furthermore, an ecological model of sulfide conversion was constructed. Total phosphorus was the dominant environmental factor that drove the sulfur cycle and microbial communities. We compared mangrove and non-mangrove soils and found that the former enhanced metabolism that was related to sulfate reduction when compared to the latter. Total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen, iron, and available sulfur were the key environmental factors that effectively influenced the dissimilatory sulfate reduction. The taxonomic assignment of dissimilatory sulfate-reducing genes revealed that Desulfobacterales and Chromatiales were mainly responsible for sulfate reduction. Chromatiales were most sensitive to environmental factors. The high abundance of cysE and cysK could contribute to the coping of the microbial community with the toxic sulfide produced by Desulfobacterales. Collectively, these findings provided a theoretical basis for the mechanism of the sulfur cycle in subtropical mangrove ecosystems.

scholarly journals Pseudodesulfovibrio cashew sp. nov., a novel deep-sea sulfate-reducing bacterium, linking heavy metal resistance and sulfur cycle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikuan Zheng ◽  
Chaomin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Metal Sulfides ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Sulfate Reducing

Sulfur cycling is primarily driven by sulfate reduction mediated by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in marine sediments. The dissimilatory sulfate reduction drives the production of enormous quantities of reduced sulfide and thereby the formation of highly insoluble metal sulfides in marine sediments. Here, a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium designated Pseudodesulfovibrio cashew SRB007 was isolated and purified from the deep-sea cold seep and proposed to represent a novel species in the genus of Pseudodesulfovibrio. A detailed description of the phenotypic traits, phylogenetic status and central metabolisms of strain SRB007, allowing the reconstruction of the metabolic potential and lifestyle of a novel member of deep-sea SRB. Notably, P. cashew SRB007 showed a strong ability to resist and remove different heavy metal ions including Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+. And the dissimilatory sulfite reduction was demonstrated to contribute to the prominent removal capability of P. cashew SRB007 against different heavy metals via forming insoluble metal sulfides.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physiological Parameters of Intestinal Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria Isolated from Patients Suffering from IBD and Healthy People

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Kushkevych ◽  
Jorge Castro Sangrador ◽  
Dani Dordević ◽  
Monika Rozehnalová ◽  
Martin Černý ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are multifactorial illnesses of the intestine, to which microorganisms are contributing. Among the contributing microorganisms, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are suggested to be involved in the process of bowel inflammation due to the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) by dissimilatory sulfate reduction. The aims of our research were to physiologically examine SRB in fecal samples of patients with IBD and a control group, their identification, the study of the process of dissimilatory sulfate reduction (sulfate consumption and H2S production) and biomass accumulation. Determination of biogenic elements of the SRB and evaluation of obtained parameters by using statistical methods were also included in the research. The material for the research consisted of 14 fecal samples, which was obtained from patients and control subjects. Methods: Microscopic techniques, microbiological, biochemical, biophysical methods and statistical analysis were included. Results: Colonies of SRB were isolated from all the fecal samples, and subsequently, 35 strains were obtained. Vibrio-shaped cells stained Gram-negative were dominant in all purified studied strains. All strains had a high percentage of similarity by the 16S rRNA gene with deposited sequences in GenBank of Desulfovibrio vulgaris. Cluster analysis of sulfate reduction parameters allowed the grouping of SRB strains. Significant (p < 0.05) differences were not observed between healthy individuals and patients with IBD with regard to sulfate reduction parameters (sulfate consumption, H2S and biomass accumulation). Moreover, we found that manganese and iron contents in the cell extracts are higher among healthy individuals in comparison to unhealthy individuals that have an intestinal bowel disease, especially ulcerative colitis. Conclusions: The observations obtained from studying SRB emphasize differences in the intestinal microbial processes of healthy and unhealthy people.

scholarly journals Diversity of Sulfur Isotope Fractionations by Sulfate-Reducing Prokaryotes

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 888-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Detmers ◽  
Volker Brüchert ◽  
Kirsten S. Habicht ◽  
Jan Kuever
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rate ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Systematic Effect ◽  
Sulfate Reducers ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation

ABSTRACT Batch culture experiments were performed with 32 different sulfate-reducing prokaryotes to explore the diversity in sulfur isotope fractionation during dissimilatory sulfate reduction by pure cultures. The selected strains reflect the phylogenetic and physiologic diversity of presently known sulfate reducers and cover a broad range of natural marine and freshwater habitats. Experimental conditions were designed to achieve optimum growth conditions with respect to electron donors, salinity, temperature, and pH. Under these optimized conditions, experimental fractionation factors ranged from 2.0 to 42.0‰. Salinity, incubation temperature, pH, and phylogeny had no systematic effect on the sulfur isotope fractionation. There was no correlation between isotope fractionation and sulfate reduction rate. The type of dissimilatory bisulfite reductase also had no effect on fractionation. Sulfate reducers that oxidized the carbon source completely to CO2 showed greater fractionations than sulfate reducers that released acetate as the final product of carbon oxidation. Different metabolic pathways and variable regulation of sulfate transport across the cell membrane all potentially affect isotope fractionation. Previous models that explained fractionation only in terms of sulfate reduction rates appear to be oversimplified. The species-specific physiology of each sulfate reducer thus needs to be taken into account to understand the regulation of sulfur isotope fractionation during dissimilatory sulfate reduction.

scholarly journals Metagenomic insights into sulfate-reducing bacteria in a revegetated acidic mine wasteland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-tian Li ◽  
Pu Jia ◽  
Xiao-juan Wang ◽  
Shi-wei Feng ◽  
Tao-tao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
Chemotaxis Proteins ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolysis ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Abstract BackgroundThe widespread occurrence of sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRMs, which are typically considered anaerobic organisms) in temporarily oxic/hypoxic aquatic environments indicates an intriguing possibility that SRMs can prevail in continuously oxic/hypoxic terrestrial environments rich in sulfate. However, little attention has been paid to such a possibility, leading to an incomplete understanding of microorganisms driving terrestrial part of the global sulphur cycle.ResultsIn this study, genome-centric metagenomics was employed to explore SRMs in a revegetated acidic mine wasteland under continuously oxic/hypoxic conditions. We reconstructed 12 Acidobacteria and four Deltaproteobacteria genomes encoding reductive DsrAB, of which five represented three new SRM genera. Our results showed that Acidobacteria-related SRMs differed considerably from Deltaproteobacteria-related SRMs in metabolic potentials. Genomes of Acidobacteria-related SRMs harbored more glycoside hydrolase (GH) genes than those of previously known SRMs. They also tended to encode more oxygen-tolerant hydrogenases and cytochrome c oxidases, but less methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) than genomes of Deltaproteobacteria-related SRMs. More importantly, we discovered that SRM-infecting viruses can contribute to glycoside hydrolysis, chemotaxis and antioxidation of their hosts. Remarkably, one GH encoded by a SRM-infecting virus is responsible for the liberation of rhamnose (a monosaccharide that is accessible directly to SRMs for dissimilatory sulfate reduction) from plant cell-wall-derived oligosaccharides.ConclusionsTaken together, our results do not only improve our understanding of microorganisms driving dissimilatory sulfate reduction in terrestrial environments under continuously oxic/hypoxic conditions but also provides the first evidence for putative roles of viruses in S biogeochemical cycle in terrestrial ecosystems.

Symbiosis and competition among sulfate reduction, filamentous sulfur, denitrification, and poly-p accumulation bacteria in the anaerobic-oxic activated sludge of a municipal plant

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoko Yamamoto-Ikemoto ◽  
Saburo Matsui ◽  
Tomoaki Komori ◽  
E. J. Bosque-Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Sulfide Oxidation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Symbiosis and competition were examined among sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), filamentous sulfur bacteria (FSB), denitrification bacteria (DNB) and poly-P accumulation bacteria (PAB) in the activated sludge of a municipal plant operated under anaerobic-oxic conditions. Batch experiments were carried out using settled sewage from the same plant as the substrate under several conditions. Under oxic conditions, both sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation occurred simultaneously, making a symbiotic relationship of SRB and FSB for establishment of a sulfur cycle sustaining the energy requirements. Under anoxic conditions, denitrification was dominant because DNB outcompeted PAB and SRB for organic acids. Under anaerobic conditions, phosphate release and sulfate reduction occurred simultaneously. SRB produced for moles of acetate from four moles of propionate and/or unknown substances by reduction of three moles of sulfate. PAB competed with sulfate-reducing bacteria for organic acids such as propionate. However, PAB utilized acetate produced by SRB.

scholarly journals Clustered Genes Related to Sulfate Respiration in Uncultured Prokaryotes Support the Theory of Their Concomitant Horizontal Transfer

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (20) ◽  
pp. 7126-7137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Mussmann ◽  
Michael Richter ◽  
Thierry Lombardot ◽  
Anke Meyerdierks ◽  
Jan Kuever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Prosthetic Group ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Sulfur Intermediates ◽  
Horizontal Transfers

ABSTRACT The dissimilatory reduction of sulfate is an ancient metabolic process central to today's biogeochemical cycling of sulfur and carbon in marine sediments. Until now its polyphyletic distribution was most parsimoniously explained by multiple horizontal transfers of single genes rather than by a not-yet-identified “metabolic island.” Here we provide evidence that the horizontal transfer of a gene cluster may indeed be responsible for the patchy distribution of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP) in the phylogenetic tree. We isolated three DNA fragments (32 to 41 kb) from uncultured, closely related SRP from DNA directly extracted from two distinct marine sediments. Fosmid ws39f7, and partially also fosmids ws7f8 and hr42c9, harbored a core set of essential genes for the dissimilatory reduction of sulfate, including enzymes for the reduction of sulfur intermediates and synthesis of the prosthetic group of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase. Genome comparisons suggest that encoded membrane proteins universally present among SRP are critical for electron transfer to cytoplasmic enzymes. In addition, novel, conserved hypothetical proteins that are likely involved in dissimilatory sulfate reduction were identified. Based on comparative genomics and previously published experimental evidence, a more comprehensive model of dissimilatory sulfate reduction is presented. The observed clustering of genes involved in dissimilatory sulfate reduction has not been previously found. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that genes responsible for dissimilatory sulfate reduction were concomitantly transferred in a single event among prokaryotes. The acquisition of an optimized gene set would enormously facilitate a successful implementation of a novel pathway.

Hydrolysed Cellulose Material as Sulfate Reduction Electron Donor to Treat Metal- and Sulfate Containing Waste Water

2007 ◽  
Vol 20-21 ◽  
pp. 326-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aino Maija Lakaniemi ◽  
Laura M. Nevatalo ◽  
Anna H. Kaksonen ◽  
Jaakko A. Puhakka
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Phalaris Arundinacea ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Cellulose Material

The amenability of hydrolysed cellulose material to low cost sulfate reduction electron donor was examined with fluidized bed reactor (FBR) treating synthetic mine waste water. The studied cellulose material was dried Phalaris arundinacea reed, which was acid hydrolysed (1.5 w/w % H2SO4, 7 w/w % solids) at 120oC to hydrolyse polymeric materials to biodegradable monomers. The FBR was operated at 35oC, and ethanol has previously been used as the electron donor. FBR was fed with synthetic waste water (pH 4.5) containing soluble fraction of Phalaris arundinacea hydrolysate, metals (Fe and Zn) and sulfate. The switch of the electron donor from ethanol to hydrolysate was successful. The acidic influent was neutralized in the FBR by the alkalinity produced in the oxidation of Phalaris arundinacea hydrolysate. The main oxidation product of the soluble hydrolysate was acetate, which accumulated in the FBR during overloading. The percent sulfate reduction remained in the range of 40-95 %. The highest obtained hydrogen sulfide production was 0.91 g L-1d-1 at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 9 h, while highest sulfate reduction was 8.4 g L-1d-1 (HRT 8 h). Iron and zinc precipitated in the FBR, and highest metal precipitation rates were 1.14 g Fe L-1 d-1 and 30 mg Zn L-1d-1 (HRT 8 h). The electron donor load was measured as soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs), and highest CODs removal rate was 2.13 g L-1d-1 (HRT 9 h) and CODs percent oxidation 92 % (HRT 10 h). Soluble Phalaris arundinacea hydrolysate was found to be a suitable electron donor for sulfate reducing FBR and mine waste water treatment. The soluble fraction of Phalaris arundinacea hydrolysate was used very efficiently by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Additionally, batch bottle assays showed that SRB-enrichment also used solid, dried Phalaris arundinacea as electron donor for sulfate reduction (total sulfide yield 340 mg L-1 in 14 days). The results of sulfate reduction and iron precipitation are shown in figures 1 A-B.

scholarly journals Implementation of a Sulfide–Air Fuel Cell Coupled to a Sulfate-Reducing Biocathode for Elemental Sulfur Recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5571
Author(s):  
Enric Blázquez ◽  
David Gabriel ◽  
Juan Antonio Baeza ◽  
Albert Guisasola ◽  
Pablo Ledezma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Sulfur Recovery ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Electrochemical Systems ◽  
Recovery System

Bio-electrochemical systems (BES) are a flexible biotechnological platform that can be employed to treat several types of wastewaters and recover valuable products concomitantly. Sulfate-rich wastewaters usually lack an electron donor; for this reason, implementing BES to treat the sulfate and the possibility of recovering the elemental sulfur (S0) offers a solution to this kind of wastewater. This study proposes a novel BES configuration that combines bio-electrochemical sulfate reduction in a biocathode with a sulfide–air fuel cell (FC) to recover S0. The proposed system achieved high elemental sulfur production rates (up to 386 mg S0-S L−1 d−1) with 65% of the sulfate removed recovered as S0 and a 12% lower energy consumption per kg of S0 produced (16.50 ± 0.19 kWh kg−1 S0-S) than a conventional electrochemical S0 recovery system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document