scholarly journals Person-Centered Assessment of Behavior Changes in People With Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 263-263
Author(s):  
Benjamin Mast ◽  
Gail Mountain ◽  
Ann Kolanowski ◽  
Esme Moniz-Cook ◽  
Margareta Halek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Abstract Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia are increasingly being reconceptualized as expressions of distress and unmet needs. Measures that evaluate context are needed to increase our understanding of factors that influence these expressions. This review evaluated measures for two common behavioral states that are experienced as challenging for caregivers: apathy and resistance to care. A systematic literature search identified measures of apathy or resistance to care for people living with dementia. Eight measures of apathy and three measures of resistance to care were identified. Reliability and validity of these measures were evaluated using the COSMIN framework, as well as reported contextual factors within which the behavior occurs. The identified measures had fair to good reliability and validity in people living with dementia. However, available measures need to move beyond symptomatic constructs for this complex paradigm, and toward the varied interpersonal and contextual factors associated with behavioral expression.

scholarly journals Developing a virtual reality for people with dementia in nursing homes based on their psychological needs: a feasibility study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hee Kim ◽  
Seonmin Park ◽  
Hyeongji Lim
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was (1) to develop a virtual reality (VR) intervention program based on the psychological needs of patients residing in nursing facilities in South Korea to alleviate their behavioral and psychological symptoms and (2) to confirm the possibility of utilizing VR in patients with dementia. Methods In the first phase, patients with dementia residing in nursing homes and experiencing behavioral and psychological symptoms were recruited. Surveys and questionnaires were used to identify activities that alleviated the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) among the patients. These activities were classified into five types of psychological needs. In the second phase, a fully immersive, interactive, easy-to-use VR platform was developed that reflected these psychological needs. Patients with dementia experienced the VR content. The researchers assessed the level of the participants’ immersion, preference, and interaction with the VR using a 5-point Likert scale. Results In the feasibility test, 10 nursing home residents were recruited. The mean immersion score was 4.93 ± 0.16 points, the mean preference score was 4.35 ± 0.41 points, and the mean interaction score was 3.84 ± 0.43 points using a 5-point Likert scale. Higher mean scores indicated a more positive outcome. Six of the 10 participants required assistance while using the VR. The mean VR experience duration was 10.00 ± 3.46 min. Conclusions The VR-based intervention program that was developed to reduce BPSD was feasible for the participants and provided them with a high degree of satisfaction and immersion. Furthermore, this study also confirmed the convenience and safety of the program. These findings support the potential use of VR-based BPSD intervention programs to treat patients with dementia.

scholarly journals Factors related to sense of competence in family caregivers of people living with dementia in the community: a narrative synthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (06) ◽  
pp. 799-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacki Stansfeld ◽  
Nadia Crellin ◽  
Martin Orrell ◽  
Jennifer Wenborn ◽  
Georgina Charlesworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sense Of Competence ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Quality Rating ◽  
Clinical Concept ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTObjectives:Sense of competence defines a caregiver’s feeling of being capable to manage the caregiving task and is an important clinical concept in the caregiving literature. The aim of this review was to identify the factors, both positive and negative, associated with a caregiver’s perception of their sense of competence.Design:A systematic review of the literature was conducted, retrieving both quantitative and qualitative papers from databases PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Medline. A quality assessment was conducted using the STROBE and CASP checklists, and the quality rating informed the inclusion of papers ensuring the evidence was robust. Narrative synthesis was employed to synthesize the findings and to generate an updated conceptual model of sense of competence.Results:Seventeen papers were included in the review, all of which were moderate to high quality. These included 13 quantitative, three mixed-methods and one qualitative study. Factors associated with sense of competence included: behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), caregiver depression, gratitude, and the ability to find meaning in caregiving.Conclusions:The results of this review demonstrate that both positive and negative aspects of caring are associated with caregiver sense of competence. Positive and negative aspects of caregiving act in tandem to influence caregiver perception of their competence. The proposed model of sense of competence aims to guide future research and clinical interventions aimed at improving this domain but requires further testing, as due to the observational nature of the include papers, the direction of causality could not be inferred.

Experiences of Family Caregivers of People with Dementia during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110557
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Harris ◽  
Marita G. Titler
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Effective Care ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Person With Dementia ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Although behavioral and psychological symptoms are burdensome for people with dementia and their caregivers, perceptions of family caregivers regarding management of these symptoms are unclear. This study explored the experiences of family caregivers regarding behavioral and psychological symptoms experienced by relatives with dementia, management of these symptoms, and changes in their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative, exploratory approach using constant comparative methods was used; 21 family caregivers were interviewed virtually. The following 10 major themes emerged: (1) Emotional and psychological experiences of caregiver, (2) emotional, psychological, and behavioral responses of person with dementia, (3) cognition of person with dementia, (4) loss, (5) concerns for the future, (6) reliance, (7) learning to caregive, (8) rewarding aspects of caregiving, (9) caregiver perspectives, and (10) care strategies. Caregivers described many challenges to care before and during the pandemic. Acceptable and effective care strategies are needed to promote the well-being of families living with dementia.

scholarly journals RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF PERSON-CENTERED BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES FOR BPSD

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S558-S559
Author(s):  
Kimberly Van Haitsma ◽  
Caroline Madrigal ◽  
Ann M Kolanowski ◽  
Barb Resnick ◽  
Beth Galik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychometric Testing ◽  
Person Centered Care ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Item Reliability

Abstract How behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are understood and managed is important to person-centered care. No knowledge tests associated with dementia specifically address staff knowledge of person-centered behavioral approaches to BPSD. The Knowledge of Person-Centered Behavioral Approaches for BPSD Test was developed by our team to fill that gap. We tested the reliability and validity of this measure using a Rasch analysis and additional psychometric testing. 1,071 nurses from 35 nursing homes participated in the study. Reliability was evident based on an item separation of 11.00 and item reliability of 0.99. Construct validity was evident in that all of the items fit the model with INFIT and OUTFIT statistics (0.6-1.4). Associations between test scores and observed positive and negative care interactions (r=.38, p=.03; r=-.26, p=.12), person-centered care approaches (r=-.25, p=.15), and resistance to care (r=-.31, p=.07) will be examined and implications for person-centered care discussed.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Czech Version of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International in Patients with Early-Stage Dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Kisvetrová ◽  
David Školoudík ◽  
Roman Herzig ◽  
Kateřina Langová ◽  
Petra Kurková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
People With Dementia

Introduction: A fear of falling marks an important psychological factor connected with a reduction in the life space of people with dementia. The Czech version of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) has not been validated in patients with early-stage dementia. Methods: The tests were administered to 282 patients with early-stage dementia. The test battery included the following: the FES-I, the Short Physical Performance Battery, the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Bristol Activity Daily Living Scale, and the Quality of Life-Alzheimer’s Disease Scale. Internal reliability (Cronbach’s α and intraclass correlation [ICC]), Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlations, exploratory factor analysis, and a t test for independent samples were used for statistical analyses. Results: The Czech version of the FES-I had excellent internal and test-retest reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.98, ICC = 0.90; 95% CI 0.82–0.94). Factor analysis suggested 2 relevant factors. A significantly higher FES-I score was associated with patients with early-stage dementia who were older (p = 0.003) or female (p = 0.001), lived alone (p = 0.0001), spent >8 h a day alone (p = 0.032), used mobility aids (p < 0.0001), or had severe hearing (p = 0.004) or vision impairment (p < 0.0001) or a lower education (r = –0.16, p = 0.007). Conclusion: The Czech version of the FES-I had very good reliability and validity and may be useful in future cross-cultural comparisons in research among patients with early-stage dementia.

Comparison of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and psychotropic drug treatments among old people in geriatric care in 2000 and 2007

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1616-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Lövheim ◽  
Yngve Gustafson ◽  
Stig Karlsson ◽  
Per-Olof Sandman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Psychotropic Drug ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Geriatric Care ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Aggressive Behaviors ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackground: Behavioral and psychological symptoms, such as verbal or physical aggression, aberrant motor behaviors, psychotic symptoms, anxiety, depressive symptoms and apathy are common among people with dementia. The aim of the present study was to compare the one-week prevalence of behavioral and psychological symptoms and psychotropic drug treatment among people with cognitive impairment living in institutional care, in two large, comparable samples from 2000 and 2007.Methods: A comparison was made between two cross-sectional samples, collected in 2000 and 2007, comprising 4054 participants with cognitive impairment living in geriatric care units in the county of Västerbotten, Sweden. The Multi-Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale (MDDAS) was used to assess cognitive impairment and behavioral and psychological symptoms. The use of psychotropic drugs was recorded.Results: Between 2000 and 2007, 15 out of 39 behavioral or psychological symptoms had become less common and no symptoms had become more common, after controlling for demographic changes. Four out of six behaviors within the cluster of aggressive behaviors had declined in prevalence. Patients prescribed anti-dementia drugs increased from 5.1% to 18.0% and antidepressant drug use increased from 43.2% to 49.1%, while anxiolytic, hypnotic, sedative and antipsychotic drug use remained largely unchanged.Conclusion: The prevalence of many behavioral symptoms had declined from 2000 to 2007, and among these changes, the decline in aggressive behaviors probably has the greatest clinical impact.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity Testing of the Quantified Quality of Interaction Scale (QuIS)

2021 ◽  
pp. JNM-D-19-00101
Author(s):  
Barbara Resnick ◽  
Elizabeth Galik ◽  
Anju Paudel ◽  
Rachel McPherson ◽  
Kimberly Van Haitsma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Validity Testing ◽  
Item Fit ◽  
Resistiveness To Care ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Item Reliability ◽  
Evidence Integration

Background and PurposeThe purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the Quality of Interaction Survey (QuIS) using a quantification scoring approach.MethodsBaseline data from the Evidence Integration Triangle for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (EIT-4-BPSD) study was used.ResultsA total of 553 residents participated. There was evidence of inter-rater reliability with Kappa scores of .86 to 1.00 and internal consistency based on the Rasch analysis (item reliability of .98). There was some support for validity based on item fit and hypothesis testing as resistiveness to care was significantly associated with total QuIS scores.ConclusionThis study supports the use of the quantified QuIS to evaluate the quality of interactions over time and to test interventions to improve interactions.

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