scholarly journals Associations Between Neighborhood Environments and Depressive Symptoms of Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 470-470
Author(s):  
Shiyu Lu ◽  
Yingqi Guo ◽  
Hung Chak Ho ◽  
Hiu Kwan Chui ◽  
Chris Webster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Latent Growth Curve Modelling ◽  
Growth Curve Modelling ◽  
Leisure Facilities ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

Abstract Little is known about the accumulative impacts of neighbourhood physical environments on depression among older adults. Based on a cohort study of 2,081 older adults in Hong Kong, this study examined longitudinal relationships between neighbourhood physical environments and depressive symptoms among older adults and the moderating effects of the slope of terrain and individual functional ability using latent growth curve modelling. Results indicated that the availability of community centres and passive leisure facilities reduced depressive symptoms over time. The protective effects of residential surrounding greenness on depressive symptoms among older adults differed by the slope of terrain. Longitudinal associations between neighbourhood physical environments and depressive symptoms varied between older adults with and without functional limitations. Identifying environmental barriers and applying targeted residential environment interventions are essential.

scholarly journals Challenging the “jolly fat” hypothesis among older adults: High body mass index predicts increases in depressive symptoms over a 5-year period

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Joseph Dearborn ◽  
Michael A Robbins ◽  
Merrill F Elias
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Objectively Measured

Several investigators have observed lowered risk of depression among obese older adults, coining the “jolly fat” hypothesis. We examined this hypothesis using baseline and a 5-year follow-up body mass index, depressive symptoms, and covariates from 638 community-based older adults. High objectively measured body mass index and functional limitations predicted increased future depressive symptoms. However, symptoms did not predict future body mass index. Self-reported body mass index showed similar associations despite underestimating obesity prevalence. Results did not differ on the basis of gender. Results for this study, the first longitudinal reciprocal risk analysis between objectively measured body mass index and depressive symptoms among older adults, do not support the “jolly fat” hypothesis.

Subjective Age and Late-Life Functional Status: Mediating and Moderating Effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel R Petashnick ◽  
Amit Shrira ◽  
Yaakov Hoffman ◽  
Yuval Palgi ◽  
Gitit Kavé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

Abstract Objectives The present study examined the longitudinal relationships between subjective age (SA) and future functional status in later life, via depressive symptoms. Additionally, we assessed the role of subjective nearness to death (SNtD) as a potential moderator within these pathways. Methods Older adults (average age 81.14 at T1) were interviewed once a year for three consecutive years (N=224 at T1, N=178 at T2, and N=164 at T3), Participants reported their SA, SNtD, depressive symptoms, and functional status. Additionally, grip strength was employed as an objective measure of functional status. Results Data analysis revealed distinct pathways leading from T1 SA to T3 functional status through T2 depressive symptoms. Moreover, T1 SNtD was found to significantly moderate most of these indirect pathways, so that the mediation model of T1 SA-T2 depressive symptoms-T3 functional status was mostly significant among those who felt closer to death. Discussion The findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanism through which SA predicts long-term functioning sequelae by underscoring the indirect effect of depressive symptoms. They further indicate the importance of gauging the effects of SNtD on these longitudinal relationships. Present results may further contribute to establishing an integrative model for predicting long-term functional outcomes based on older adults' earlier subjective views of aging.

scholarly journals ARE FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS A PROTECTIVE RESOURCE AMONG ADULTS WITH FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S671-S671
Author(s):  
Richard E Chunga ◽  
Haowei Wang ◽  
Deborah Carr
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Stress Buffering

Abstract Health-related declines that affect physical functioning are a common stressor among older adults. Functional impairment can take a toll on older adults’ psychological well-being as it limits one’s capacities to independently carry out meaningful daily activities. The extent to which impairment affects mental health may vary based on the levels of support and strain in one’s personal relationships. Stress buffering perspectives suggest that support mitigates the detrimental psychological consequences of impairment, whereas stress amplification perspectives predict that strain will amplify these consequences. We use data from 2012 and 2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (N=3800) to explore: (a) the direct effects of functional limitation on depressive symptoms (CES-D); (b) the extent to which these associations are moderated by spouse, child, other relative, and friend support/strain; and (c) gender and marital status differences therein. Using lagged endogenous regression models, we find that impairment significantly increases depressive symptoms among men and women, and these effects are intensified by marital strain for both married men and women. However, buffering effects are found for women only, such that marital support mitigates against depressive symptoms in the face of current impairment. These results may reflect the gendered nature of marriage, where men with impairment uniformly benefit from marriage although women may experience protective effects of only in highly supportive unions. Results for other strain and support moderators also reveal gender differences, reflecting the distinctive ways that men and women interact with kin and friends over the life course.

Modeling Longitudinal Relationships Between Habit and Physical Activity: Two Cross-Lagged Panel Design Studies in Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob J.H. van Bree ◽  
Catherine Bolman ◽  
Aart N. Mudde ◽  
Maartje M. van Stralen ◽  
Denise A. Peels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

These longitudinal studies in older adults targeted mediated relationships between habit and physical activity (PA). In The Netherlands two independent studies were conducted among 1976 (Study 1: Mage = 63.63, SD = 8.66, 30% functional limitations) and 2140 (Study 2: Mage = 62.75, SD = 8.57, 45% functional limitations) adults aged 50 years or older. Cross-lagged panel designs were applied to examine whether habit mediates the relationship between prior and later PA and whether PA simultaneously mediates the relationship between prior and later habit. Data on habit and PA were collected by means of questionnaires at baseline (t0) and at 6 (t1) and 12 (t2) months after baseline measurement. Results of structural equation modeling analyses were not unambiguous. Indications for the existence of both hypothesized mediation effects were found, but no clear, unequivocal pattern appeared. Somewhat more support was found for the PA-habit-PA path than for the habit-PA-habit path. More research is needed to draw more definitive conclusions.

scholarly journals Effective Ways of Enhancing the Quality of Question Generating and Spontaneous Information Search Outside the Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Keita Shinogaya
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Classroom Instruction ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Searching Behaviour ◽  
Latent Growth Curve Modelling ◽  
Growth Curve Modelling ◽  
Do So

This study examined how to enhance the quality of students’ question generating and to encourage their spontaneous information searches after classroom instruction in university. The teacher assigned One Minute Paper as homework, and students answered three questions; “Q1: What was the most important thing that you learned today?”, “Q2: What important question remains unanswered?”, and “Q3: What information did you search for after the classroom instruction?”. While it was necessary to answer Q1 and Q2 for submission, answering Q3 was not necessary and they could answer it if they wished to do so. The teacher, however, realized that some students were not generating questions actively and the quality of their questions were not adequately improved. After 7 weeks, he changed his intervention and gave feedback on some students’ questions to enhance their question quantity and quality. The latent growth curve modelling showed that question quality, spontaneous searching behaviour, and the link between question generation and conducting searches increased after the intervention change. The result also showed that post-intervention change slopes were larger for the feedback group than the class without feedback. The results indicate that besides assigning homework tasks, it is also important to connect learning outside along with inside the classroom to enhance question quality and encourage spontaneous information search.

scholarly journals CHRONIC CONDITIONS, FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS, AND DEPRESSION IN OLDER ADULTS: ANALYSIS OF A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S572-S572
Author(s):  
Jyotsana Parajuli ◽  
Diane Berish ◽  
Ying-Ling Jao
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract Background: Chronic conditions, functional limitations, and depression are highly prevalent in older adults. Evidence suggests the links between chronic conditions, functional limitations, and depressive symptoms separately. However, few studies have considered these three conditions together longitudinally. This study examined the longitudinal relationship between chronic conditions and depressive symptoms and evaluated the mediation effect of functional limitations on the relationship between chronic conditions and depressive symptoms in older adults. Methods: This study analyzed longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study collected in 2012 and 2014. Mediation analysis was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of chronic conditions and functional limitations measured at the year 2012 on depressive symptoms measured at the year 2014 controlling for demographics. Results: Results revealed that chronic conditions predicted depressive symptoms. Specifically, one additional chronic condition in 2012 corresponded to an increase of 0.35 in depressive symptoms in 2014 (p<.001). After adding functional limitations as a mediator, the direct effect was reduced to 0.26 and the indirect effect was .088 (p<.001). In other words, functional limitations explained approximately 25% of the direct effect of chronic diseases on depression. Discussion: Findings reveal the longitudinal impact of chronic conditions and functional limitations on depressive symptoms in older adults. Findings help identify the high-risk population of depressive symptoms and intervene early.

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