scholarly journals Prevalence of Dementia in American Indian/ Alaska Native Medicare Beneficiaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 751-751
Author(s):  
Heehyul Moon ◽  
Joseph Kaholokula ◽  
Richard MacLehose ◽  
Sunshine Rote ◽  
Soonhee Roh
Keyword(s):  
American Indians ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Dementia Prevalence ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

Abstract Given the increase in life expectancy for American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) due to many positive changes in social and environmental factors, the number of AIAN older adults with dementia is expected to grow from 23,850 in 2010 to over 100,000 by 2050. However, there have been few studies on the prevalence of dementia that have included AIANs . The purpose of the current study was to estimate the prevalence of dementia among AIANs over 65 years compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs), Hispanics. The current study used survey data from Round 5 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS, 2015) (N=7,449), a nationally representative study of Medicare beneficiaries 65 years and older. We estimated the age and gender-adjusted prevalence of dementia and 95% confidence intervals for each race/ethnicity. The majority of participants were between 65 and 74 years old. Slightly more than half of them were female. AIAN Medicare beneficiaries showed a significantly higher prevalence of dementia than NHWs after adjusting for age and gender (4% greater or higher prevalence). We also observed a significantly lower prevalence of dementia in AIAN Medicare beneficiaries than NHBs, Hispanics. While previous research has reported that AIANs shave a similar or lower prevalence of dementia than NHWs, our findings indicate significant dementia disparities in AIAN Medicare beneficiaries. Future research should focus on dementia prevalence and risk factors within/between AIAN tribes.

scholarly journals Native American Diabetes Prevention Intervention Programs

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Yue Dong ◽  
Maria Collado ◽  
Paul Branscum
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
American Indian ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Female Population

Background and Purpose: Diabetes is one of the biggest health problems for the American Indian and Alaska Native communities. The purpose of this study was to review lifestyle based diabetes interventions from January 1995 to January 2015. Methods: The target population within this systematic review was adult American Indians and Alaska Natives. Four databases (Medline, Google Scholar, PsychINFO, and JSTOR) were used to find articles, of which nine articles met the inclusion criteria of being either an intervention or prevention program that reported at least one physiological or biological indicator of diabetes. Results: Among the nine articles reviewed, six articles showed significant changes of physiological indicators. Three of the studies only targeted the female population. Most of the programs lasted between 6 to 12 months. A major limitation among intervention or prevention programs was an inadequate use of a theoretical behavior change model. Conclusion: Overall, it was found that physical activities and diet -based methods have the potential for diabetes prevention and intervention programs among American Indian and Alaska Native populations. Recommendations for future research include using randomized controlled trial research design, and using theory to guide program development.

scholarly journals Age and Gender Differences in Experience with and Connectedness to Nature Among Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Diyana Mustapa ◽  
Khalilah Hassan ◽  
Siti Nuratirah Che Mohd Nasir ◽  
Wenny Arminda
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Connectedness To Nature ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Open Access Article

This study aims to identify the age and gender differences in children's experiences with nature and their connectedness to nature (CTN). This study employed a quantitative approach and involved 760 children aged 10-11 years old, including urban and rural children in Kedah and Pulau Pinang. Questionnaires were distributed to children at schools. Findings suggest that age and gender do influence the frequency of children having experiences with nature as well as their CTN. The directions for future research are also discussed. Keywords: experiences with nature; connectedness to nature; age; gender eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI:

Exploration and Comparison of Contextual Characteristics and Mistreatment Prevalence Among Older American Indian and Alaska Native Respondents: Secondary Analysis of the National Elder Mistreatment Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052092235
Author(s):  
Jolie Crowder ◽  
Camille Burnett ◽  
Ha Do Byon ◽  
Kathryn Laughon ◽  
Ronald Acierno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Indians ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Contextual Variables ◽  
Elder Mistreatment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Contextual Characteristics

Limited research on elder abuse among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) suggests a higher prevalence of abuse. Using data from the National Elder Mistreatment Study (NEMS), we compared contextual characteristics and elder mistreatment prevalence rates from a community-based sample of AIAN ( n = 195) and Black ( n = 437) and White ( n = 5,013) respondents. There were differences in the prevalence of 16 abuse types and the 23 contextual variables. AIAN respondents had more similarities compared with Black respondents than White respondents, though differences existed. The cumulative prevalence of emotional, physical, and sexual mistreatment in the past year, neglect, and financial abuse by a family member for the AIAN group was 33%, almost double the 17.1% reported in the NEMS study. Over their lifetime, 29.7% of AIAN respondents reported experiencing two or more types of neglect, exploitation, or mistreatment. Almost one fourth of AIAN respondents reported emotional abuse since 60 years of age (the most commonly occurring abuse type)—nearly double that of White respondents. This is the first study to offer comparative prevalence of elder abuse for both AIAN older males and females that draws from a nationally representative sample. The study also provides descriptive analysis of important contextual information within the AIAN population, an underrepresented racial group in elder abuse research. Disaggregating nonmajority racial groups to examine contextual variables and the prevalence of elder mistreatment in the NEMS data set specific to AIAN respondents fills a knowledge gap. Known prevalence of various abuse typologies among AIAN elders can be useful in setting priorities for community planning and response, and in prioritization of funding for future research on causative mechanisms by abuse type, screening, and interventions at various levels. Findings may facilitate development of culturally specific evidence-based prevention and intervention practices aimed at needs specific to AIAN older adults.

Adolescent Victim Experiences of Cyberbullying

2019 ◽  
pp. 236-254
Author(s):  
Minghui Gao ◽  
Tonja Filipino ◽  
Xu Zhao ◽  
Mark McJunkin
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Gender And Age Differences ◽  
And Gender

This chapter started by introducing a recent research study that disclosed adolescent victim experiences across seven major types of cyberbullying, significant gender and age differences, and reasons for not reporting incidents of cyberbullying to adults. The chapter then related the research findings to major areas in the literature on the nature and forms of cyberbullying in contrast to traditional forms of bullying, its prevalence among school-aged youths, the effects of gender and age on adolescent victim experiences of cyberbullying, and the factors that contribute to adolescent attitude toward reporting cyberbullying incidents to adults. The chapter suggested that future research should further explore issues such as how various types of cyberbullying affect adolescent mental wellbeing, how age and gender affect school-aged youth victim experiences of various forms of cyberbullying, and how professionals and other adults may help adolescents counter cyberbullying.

Mobile Health Technology Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherina Idrish ◽  
Afrin Rifat ◽  
Mehree Iqbal ◽  
Nabila Nisha
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Globally, the advancement of mobile technology and the growing number of mobile phone users has promoted the boom in mobile health services. The influence of mobile technology has, in fact, made healthcare delivery more accessible, affordable and effective today. Consumers are thus increasingly using mobile devices as health service delivery aids across various countries. However, questions remain as to how consumer traits like personal innovativeness and self-efficacy, financial costs related to the service delivery and demographics like age and gender may affect the usage and adoption of mobile health services, especially for emerging economies like Bangladesh. Conceptual model of the study identifies self-efficacy, facilitating conditions, effort expectancy and performance expectancy to be significant constructs that influences users' overall perceptions of mobile health services, along with moderating effects of both age and gender upon the selected factors. Finally, the study highlights managerial implications, future research directions and limitations.

Effects of Aging and Gender on Interhemispheric Function

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teri James Bellis ◽  
Laura Ann Wilber
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Interhemispheric Transfer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Aging Adults ◽  
Over Time

The ability of the two hemispheres of the brain to communicate with one another via the corpus callosum is important for a wide variety of sensory, motor, and cognitive functions, many of them communication related. Anatomical evidence suggests that aging results in structural changes in the corpus callosum and that the course over time of age-related changes in corpus callosum structure may depend on the gender of the individual. Further, it has been hypothesized that age- and gender-related changes in corpus callosum structure may result in concomitant decreased performance on tasks that are reliant on interhemispheric integrity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of age and gender on auditory behavioral and visuomotor temporal indices of interhemispheric function across the life span of the normal adult. Results from 120 consistently right-handed adults from age 20 to 75 years revealed that interhemispheric integrity, as measured by dichotic listening, auditory temporal patterning, and visuomotor interhemispheric transfer time tasks, decreases relatively early in the adult life span (i.e., between the ages of 40 and 55 years) and shows no further decrease thereafter. In addition, the course over time of interhemispheric decline is different for men compared to women for some tasks. These findings suggest that decreased interhemispheric function may be a possible factor contributing to auditory and communication difficulties experienced by aging adults. In addition, results of this study hold implications for the clinical assessment of interhemispheric function in aging adults and for future research into the functional ramifications of decreased multimodality interhemispheric transfer.

STEREOTYPING IN PERCEPTION OF ATTRACTIVENESS, AGE, AND GENDER IN SCHEMATIC FACES

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J. McKelvie
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Positive Trait ◽  
Subject Variables ◽  
And Gender

Thirty-one subjects classified 16 schematic faces on six subject variables. Faces judged as pleasant-looking received higher positive trait evaluations than those judged as unpleasant (effect size d = 0.91 or 1.47), strongly confirming the dictum that “what is beautiful is good”. Also, more faces perceived as young were judged to be pleasant than unpleasant (d = 0.67) and more faces perceived as old were judged to be unpleasant than pleasant (d = 0.64), replicating previous reports of a negative relationship between age and attractiveness. However, the latter effect disappeared when women judged faces perceived to be female. It is suggested that future research should replicate this interaction, and investigate the effect of using various terms to characterize attractiveness.

scholarly journals Perceptions of parental behavior with regard to parents’ gender and respondents’ age and gender

Psihologija ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Opsenica-Kostic ◽  
Tatjana Stefanovic-Stanojevic
Keyword(s):  
Paternal Care ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Insight Into

The findings of the research into the perceived parental behavior provide contrasting data as to the existence and the nature of differences in the perception of parental behavior based on parents? gender and respondents? gender. The purpose of the present study is to examine the differences in the perceived parental behavior in adolescents with regard to parents? gender and respondents? age and gender. The study included 466 respondents (262 girls and 204 boys), in middle to late adolescence, divided into four sub-groups according to their age. The respondents were asked to fill in the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) questionnaire which measures the care and overprotection in mothers and fathers respectively. The obtained findings show the existence of significant difference based on the parents? gender for both subscales: both maternal care and maternal overprotection were estimated as higher. Observing the differences by respondents? gender on the whole sample, only one significant difference is found: paternal overprotection was estimated as higher by girls. The differences by age as observed within gender groups are completely disparate for girl and boy groups. The best insight into the differences is obtained through analysis by gender, for groups relatively homogenous in terms of their age (for the first three groups the only significant difference appears in the paternal overprotection subscale; the difference disappears in the subgroup of the oldest respondents?, while the differences between the perception of maternal and paternal care are of significance here). One particularly important finding for future research into rearing behavior is the fact that the perception of parental behavior changes over the period of adolescence differently for boys and girls; therefore, the analysis including perceived parental behavior should be performed for subgroups by gender, which are as homogenous as possible in terms of their age.

scholarly journals Haptic Foot Pedal: Influence of Shoe Type, Age, and Gender on Subjective Pulse Perception

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Geitner ◽  
Stewart Birrell ◽  
Claudia Krehl ◽  
Paul Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
User Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Accelerator Pedal ◽  
Force Amplitude ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Objective: This study investigates the influence of shoe type (sneakers and safety boots), age, and gender on the perception of haptic pulse feedback provided by a prototype accelerator pedal in a running stationary vehicle. Background: Haptic feedback can be a less distracting alternative to traditionally visual and auditory in-vehicle feedback. However, to be effective, the device delivering the haptic feedback needs to be in contact with the person. Factors such as shoe type vary naturally over the season and could render feedback that is perceived well in one situation, unnoticeable in another. In this study, we evaluate factors that can influence the subjective perception of haptic feedback in a stationary but running car: shoe type, age, and gender. Method: Thirty-six drivers within three age groups (≤39, 40–59, and ≥60) took part. For each haptic feedback, participants rated intensity, urgency, and comfort via a questionnaire. Results: The perception of the haptic feedback is significantly influenced by the interaction between the pulse’s duration and force amplitude and the participant’s age and gender but not shoe type. Conclusion: The results indicate that it is important to consider different age groups and gender in the evaluation of haptic feedback. Future research might also look into approaches to adapt haptic feedback to the individual driver’s preferences. Application: Findings from this study can be applied to the design of an accelerator pedal in a car, for example, for a nonvisual in-vehicle warning, but also to plan user studies with a haptic pedal in general.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document