scholarly journals RACE BY AGE PATTERNS IN KIDNEY FUNCTIONING AMONG OLDER ADULTS: EVIDENCE FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S354-S354
Author(s):  
Ryon J Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Age Patterns ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Young Old ◽  
Late Midlife

Abstract The present study considers how race combines with chronological age to shape kidney function among older adults. We analyzed cross-sectional data from a nationally representative study of older adults. Our measure of kidney function derived from the cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate. We use a pattern variable to divide White and Black respondents into four groups based on their age group membership: early midlife (age 52–59), late midlife (age 60–69), young old (age 70–79), and oldest old (80s+ years). Results from our ordinary least squares models reveal that Blacks and Whites in late midlife, young old, and oldest old exhibited poorer kidney function than Whites in early midlife. Our study uncovers evidence of race by age disparities in kidney function among older adults. Future longitudinal studies will provide further insight into how and why race combines with age to pattern kidney function over time.

scholarly journals Self-Report Hearing and Injury or Falls in Older Adults from the National Health and Information Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (01) ◽  
pp. 066-074
Author(s):  
Danielle S. Powell ◽  
Emmanuel E. Garcia Morales ◽  
Sasha Pletnikova ◽  
Jennifer A. Deal ◽  
Nicholas S. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
National Health ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Prevention Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractThis article aims to investigate the association between hearing and nonfatal injury or falls in a nationally representative sample of adults from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) utilizing over 20 years of participant surveys. We conducted a pooled cross-sectional analysis of participant surveys (aged 50 years and older) from 1997 to 2017. Self-report hearing difficulty, history of injury over the last 3 months, reported injury from fall over the last 3 months, and reported reason for fall (including due to balance/dizziness) were collected. Using logistic regression, we investigated the odds of injury, injury from fall, and fall due to balance/dizziness by self-report hearing status. In secondary analysis, we investigated the odds of each outcome by reported hearing aid use. Models were adjusted for demographics, year of study, vision difficulty, diabetes, employment, and cardiovascular disease. Reported moderate or greater difficulty hearing demonstrated a significantly greater odds of injury (odds ratio [OR]: 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18, 1.42) or fall due to balance/dizziness (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.60) compared with reported excellent/good hearing. A dose–response association was seen across levels of reported difficulty hearing for all outcomes. In this nationally representative study of adults aged 50 years and older, greater reported difficulty hearing was significantly associated with increased odds of injury and suggests greater odds of falls or fall due to balance/dizziness compared with reported good hearing. Results suggest hearing loss should be considered as a possible risk factor for both injury and fall prevention studies and programming in older adults.

scholarly journals EVERYDAY DISCRIMINATION AND KIDNEY FUNCTION AMONG OLDER ADULTS: EVIDENCE FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S192-S192
Author(s):  
Ryon J Cobb ◽  
Roland J Thorpe ◽  
Keith C Norris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Discrimination ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract Background: The current study examines the cross-sectional association between everyday discrimination and kidney function among older adults. Methods: We use cross-sectional data from a nationally representative sample of older adults to examine this relationship. Our measure of kidney function derives from the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) obtained by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation, while our indicator of everyday discrimination is drawn from self-reports. Results: Results from our ordinary least squared regression models reveals that, after adjusting for demographic characteristics, everyday discrimination was associated with lower mean eGFR (β=-.79; S.E.: .34). The relationship between everyday discrimination and kidney function was not explained by cardiovascular, metabolic, or economic factors. Conclusions: Findings suggest this study suggest that everyday discrimination may be a unique risk factor for poorer kidney function among older adults. Because these findings are cross-sectional, additional research is needed to determine whether the observed associations persist over time.

scholarly journals Childhood hunger experiences and chronic health conditions later in life among Brazilian older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lucía Félix-Beltrán ◽  
Brayan V. Seixas
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Childhood Conditions ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objectives. To assess the association between childhood hunger experiences and the prevalence of chronic diseases later in life. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted using baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), a nationally representative study of persons aged 50 years and older (n = 9 412). Univariate and bivariate analyses were used to describe the sample, and multivariate logistic regressions to examine the association between childhood hunger and hypertension, diabetes, arthritis and osteoporosis. Adjusted odds ratios and predicted probabilities were calculated. Results. 24.7% of Brazilians aged 50 and over experienced hunger during childhood. This harmful exposure was significantly more common among non-white people, individuals with lower educational attainment, lower household income and heavy manual laborers. Regional variation was also observed, as the prevalence of individuals reporting childhood hunger was higher in the North and Northeast regions. The multivariate analysis revealed that older adults who reported having experienced hunger during childhood had 20% higher odds of developing diabetes in adulthood (aOR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.02 – 1.41) and 38% higher odds of developing osteoporosis (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.15 – 1.64) than adults who did not experience hunger during childhood, after controlling for covariates. Conclusions. The study showed an association between childhood hunger and two chronic diseases in later life: diabetes and osteoporosis. This work restates that investing in childhood conditions is a cost-effective way to have a healthy society and provides evidence on relationships that deserve further investigation to elucidate underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Association Between Recent Family Death and Self-Perceptions of Aging Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 450-450
Author(s):  
Shu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Parental Death ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Perceptions Of Aging ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Family Loss

Abstract The loss of a family member may have a significant influence on one’s aging experience in life. Self-perceptions of aging, which are an individual’s beliefs or evaluation of their experiences of aging, have been described as an important factor for one’s health and daily life. However, there is little research on the association between family death and self-perceptions of aging. This study examines the relationships between recent family death, self-perceptions of aging, and gender of the bereaved among middle-aged and older adults. Using nationally representative data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we conducted cross-sectional analysis on adults age 50 years and older (n=1,839). Self-perceptions of aging were accessed by 8 items derived from the Attitudes Toward Own Aging subscale of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale and the Berlin Aging Study, and we considered recent family death (i.e., parental death, spousal death, sibling death and child death), as well as gender of the bereaved. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that respondents who experienced recent family death report less positive self-perceptions of aging compared to those who did not experience recent family death (t = 12.40, p < .01). Recent parental death was more negatively related with self-perceptions of aging for bereaved women than for bereaved men (χ2 = 4.28, p < .05). Findings suggest that middle-aged and older adults experiencing recent family loss have less positive self-perceptions of aging, and gender of the bereaved plays an important role in the relationship between parental death and self-perceptions of aging.

scholarly journals Urinary 2,5-dicholorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol concentrations and prevalent disease among adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary R Rooney ◽  
Pamela L Lutsey ◽  
Parveen Bhatti ◽  
Anna Prizment
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectiveTo test cross-sectional associations between urinary concentrations of 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, lung disease, thyroid problems and liver conditions.MethodsLogistic regression was used to evaluate associations of urinary concentrations of 2,5-DCP and 2,4-DCP with prevalence of various medical conditions among 3617 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants from 2007–2008 and 2009–2010. ORs and 95% CIs for each disease were estimated. All regression models were adjusted for urinary creatinine.ResultsWe observed a monotonically increasing association between quartiles of 2,5-DCP and prevalence of CVD. After adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, participants with the highest versus lowest quartile of urinary 2,5-DCP had an OR=1.84 (95% CI 1.26 to 2.70) (p linear trend=0.006). The association was similar with further adjustment for established clinical CVD risk factors. Higher 2,5-DCP was also associated with prevalence of all cancers combined (ORQ4 vs Q1=1.50 (95% CI 1.00 to 2.26); p trend=0.05) and, in exploratory analyses, with gynaecological cancers (ORQ4 vs Q1=4.15 (95% CI 1.51 to 11.40; p trend=0.01)). No associations were detected between 2,5-DCP and lung diseases, thyroid problems or liver conditions, nor between 2,4-DCP and prevalent disease.ConclusionIn this nationally representative study, higher urinary 2,5-DCP concentrations were associated with greater prevalence of CVD and all cancers combined. Further examination may be warranted to assess whether chronic exposure to 2,5-DCP is associated with incidence of adverse health outcomes.

Association of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure With All-Cause Mortality Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110552
Author(s):  
Qian Lian ◽  
Tazeen H. Jafar ◽  
John C. Allen ◽  
Stefan Ma ◽  
Rahul Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objectives To assess the association of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with mortality among older adults in Singapore. Methods Association of SBP and DBP measured in 2009 for 4443 older adults (69.5±7.4 years; 60–97 years) participating in a nationally representative study with mortality risk through end-December 2015 was assessed using Cox regression. Results Higher mortality risk was observed at the lower and upper extremes of SBP and DBP. With SBP of 100–119 mmHg as the reference, multivariable mortality hazard ratios [HRs (95% confidence interval)] were SBP <100 mmHg: 2.41 (1.23–4.72); SBP 160–179 mmHg: 1.51 (1.02–2.22); and SBP ≥180 mmHg: 1.78 (1.12–2.81). With DBP of 70–79 mmHg as the reference, HRs were DBP <50 mmHg: 2.41 (1.28–4.54) and DBP ≥110 mmHg: 2.16 (1.09–4.31). Discussion Management of high blood pressure among older adults will likely reduce their mortality risk. However, the association of excessively low SBP and DBP values with mortality risk needs further evaluation.

Living Arrangements and Sleep-Related Outcomes Among Older Adults in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Han Lee ◽  
Yen-Chang Chang ◽  
Timothy Chiang ◽  
Ching-Ti Liu ◽  
Mack Shelley
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Nationally Representative

It has been discussed previously that older adults’ living arrangements are associated with mortality. This study investigated the relationships between older adults’ living arrangements and sleep-related outcomes in China. The nationally representative sample included 4,731 participants who participated on two different occasions, with a total of 9,462 observations (2012 and 2014 waves). Panel logistic regression and panel ordinary least squares regression models were estimated with outcomes of sleep quality and average hours of sleep daily, respectively. Approximately 62% of individuals reported good quality of sleep. We observed that older adults who lived with family members had 17% greater odds of reporting good quality of sleep (adjusted odds ratio = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [1.03, 1.34], p < .05) and reported longer sleep duration daily (β = .334, standard error = .069, p < .01), compared with those who lived alone. Social support is needed to strengthen the residential relationship, especially with family members.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and Associations with Chronic Diseases of Ageing: Evidence from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre O'Connor ◽  
Siobhan Scarlett ◽  
Rose Anne Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Nutritional Epidemiology ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractIn the field of nutritional epidemiology, principal component analysis (PCA) has been used to derive dietary patterns, but this has never been conducted in a large, nationally representative sample of older adults in Ireland. The aim was to identify dietary patterns amongst older adults in Ireland derived through PCA and to examine cross-sectional associations with common comorbidities of ageing.PCA was performed using data from Wave 3 of TILDA (2014), a nationally representative cohort of community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 54 (n = 4,395). We derived major dietary patterns from a PCA of reported intake from a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Objective measures for Body Mass Index (BMI), diabetes (HbA1c), bone density(heel bone ultrasound), blood pressure and total cholesterol were collected during a health assessment. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was also performed during health assessment with trained interviewers, as a measure of global cognitive function.Statistical analyses were conducted using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, marital status, income, educational attainment, alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity.With the use of PCA, five dietary patterns were identified in the sample - Pattern 1 (fresh fruit, vegetable, fresh fish and dairy), Pattern 2 (confectionary, fatty and processed foods), Pattern 3 (meats, processed meats and salty foods), Pattern 4 (carbohydrates and processed foods) and Pattern 5 (savoury snacks, spreads and processed foods). Those characterized by Pattern 4 were more likely to be overweight (adjusted RRR 0.12, 95% CI 0.05–0.20; p = 0.001), obesity (adjusted RRR 0.18, 95% CI 0.10–0.27; p = 0.001) and have diabetes (adjusted RRR 0.10, 95% CI 0.01–0.19; p = 0.024) after adjusting for known covariates.Our results suggest that in the older adult population of Ireland, a dietary pattern typified by consumption of refined grains and processed carbohydrates is associated with higher prevalence of overweight, obesity and diabetes.

Dietary lutein and zeaxanthin are associated with working memory in an older population

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystle E Zuniga ◽  
Nicholas J Bishop ◽  
Alexandria S Turner
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrition Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Analytic Models ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the association between dietary lutein and zeaxanthin (L + Z) intake and immediate word recall (IWR) and delayed word recall (DWR), and to identify the major contributors to dietary L + Z intake in a recent and representative sample of the older US population. Design: In this cross-sectional analysis, multivariate path analytic models estimated the association between L + Z consumption and cognitive performance while adjusting for covariates. Setting: Observations were drawn from the 2014 Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative panel study of older US adults, and the 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study, which assessed dietary intake via FFQ in a subsample of respondents. Participants: The analytic sample included 6390 respondents aged ≥50 years. Results: L + Z intake was 2·44 ± 2·32 mg/d on average, and L + Z intake differed significantly across quartiles (P < 0·001). For example, average L + Z intake in Q1 was 0·74 ± 0·23 mg/d and in Q4 was 5·46 ± 2·88 mg/d. In covariate adjusted models, older adults in the highest quartiles of L + Z intake had significantly greater IWR and DWR scores than those in the lowest quartile. Leafy vegetables, cruciferous vegetables, dark yellow vegetables, fish and seafood, legumes, eggs and fruit were significant and meaningful predictors of dietary L + Z intake. Conclusion: A high consumption of vegetables, fish and seafood, legumes, eggs and fruit is associated with a higher intake of L + Z and greater word recall among older adults.

scholarly journals Association between obesity-related anthropometric indices and multimorbidity among older adults in Shandong, China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e036664
Author(s):  
Jiao Zhang ◽  
Lingzhong Xu ◽  
Jiajia Li ◽  
Long Sun ◽  
Wenzhe Qin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Young Old

ObjectivesWhether the association between obesity-related anthropometric indices and multimorbidity differs by age among Chinese older adults (aged 65+) is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with multimorbidity among the young-old (aged 65–79) and old-old (aged 80+) adults.DesignCross-sectional population-based study.SettingShandong province on the eastern coast of China.Participants5493 subjects aged 65 years or above.MeasurementsDetails on sociodemographics, lifestyle characteristics and chronic conditions were collected using a structured questionnaire. The respondents were assessed with anthropometric measurements including height, weight, WC, hip circumference.ResultsThe overall prevalence of multimorbidity in older adults (aged 65+) was 35.2%. The BMI-obesity, WC-obesity and WHR-obesity rates were 7.4%, 57.5% and 80.4%, respectively. In the young-old adults (aged 65–79), the likelihood of multimorbidity was more than two times higher among the BMI-obese than the BMI-normal population (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.66 to 2.60). Similar but less strong associations were found for the WC-obese and WHR-obese young-old population (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.81; OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.56, respectively). For the old-old group (aged 80+), the BMI-obese, WC-obese and WHR-obese had a higher likelihood of having multimorbidity compared with the normal weight category (OR 2.10, 95% CI 0.96 to 4.57; OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.54; OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.18 to 3.93, respectively).ConclusionBMI-obesity, WC-obesity and WHR-obesity were associated with a greater risk of multimorbidity, and the associations were different between the young-old and the old-old adults. These age differences need to be considered in assessing healthy body weight in old age. These findings may be vital for public health surveillance, prevention and management strategies for multimorbidity in older adults.

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