scholarly journals USING DATA SCIENCE TO GENERATE PSYCHOSOCIAL PROFILES OF FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION IN SENIORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S478-S478
Author(s):  
Cassandra J Enzler ◽  
Robert Suchting ◽  
Charles Green ◽  
Jason Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Protective Service ◽  
Financial Exploitation ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Psychosocial Profiles

Abstract Financial exploitation (FE) in older adults is a significant public health problem linked to outcomes including depression, financial ruin and early mortality. This study applied exploratory data science techniques to a multi-year statewide protective services dataset of over 8,000 elder abuse cases. The goal was to derive data-driven psychosocial profiles of abuse with an emphasis on determining which factors, commonly shared across abuse cases, were most important for determining when elder FE was occurring and whether it was occurring alone or in conjunction with other types of abuse. We found that pronounced psychological distress (i.e. verbalizing suicide, homicide, self-harm) was most important for indicating when abuse had occurred and predicted non-FE related abuse. Drug paraphernalia in the home and perpetrator drug/alcohol use were important predictors of FE-related abuse. When differentiating pure FE from hybrid FE, factors indicative of long-term FE occurrence and substantial financial loss were most important (i.e. facing foreclosure, lack of food, medications, and utilities). The findings parallel some existing work characterizing pure and hybrid FE, but also highlight new profile factors that may help determine when FE is occurring and when it is less likely. Applying data science approaches to other large protective service datasets and national datasets such as the National Adult Maltreatment Registry could help improve characterization of abuse types such as pure and hybrid FE resulting in better detection, response and prevention.

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Financial Elder Exploitation Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 323-324
Author(s):  
Stephanie Skees
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Adult Protective Services ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Financial Exploitation ◽  
Attorneys General ◽  
Universal Definition ◽  
Mature Market

Abstract Elder financial exploitation (EFE), defined by the National Center for Elder Abuse (2021) as “the misappropriation of an older person’s money or property,” is a continuing public health crisis shown to cost individuals at least $2.9 billion a year (MetLife Mature Market Institute, 2011). Many believe this impact will increase exponentially due to the effects of COVID-19. In fact, a recent study conducted by Chang & Levy (2021) found that the prevalence of elder abuse as a whole increased from 1 in 10 older adults to 1 in 5 in the past year. Although increased collaboration between state attorneys general, Adult Protective Services, and financial institutions has driven progress in the field; there is still little known regarding EFE interventions. To address this issue, this study conducts a scoping review of the EFE intervention literature. This approach was chosen over a systematic review primarily due to the lack of a universal definition of EFE, as well as the limited number of studies available delineating between EFE and elder abuse as a whole. The main findings of the review reveal that current EFE intervention practices are focused on preventing abuse before it occurs by addressing risk factors for abuse in older adults; and are largely reliant on Adult Protective Services and the legal system. This finding is significant because state policies differ in their qualifications of EFE, thus leaving many older adults vulnerable and unprotected. Further interventions that address EFE while it is occurring and alignment across governing bodies are needed.

scholarly journals Best Practices to Overcome Barriers to Capacity Evaluations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 696-696
Author(s):  
Ronan Factora ◽  
Saket Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Adult Protective Services ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Financial Exploitation ◽  
Essential Components

Abstract Because of the increasing incidence of elder abuse and financial exploitation, Adult Protective Services (APS) cases open for these individuals often relay on capacity evaluations conducted by a clinician to facilitate legal assignment of a surrogate decision maker. Despite this growing need, the number of physicians willing and capable of performing them is limited. Barriers reported by physicians reportedly impair their ability to conduct these evaluations include absence of relevant case information and lack of knowledge about the process itself. Geriatricians and related clinicians often perform these assessments. Sharing best practices with internists and family physicians may help overcome these barriers. A survey of geriatric medicine providers was conducted to identify essential components and questions necessary in the assessment of general decision making capacity. Twenty-nine providers at 6 academic institutions in Ohio responded to the survey and its follow-up inquiries. Though variability existed in evaluation styles and content between providers, a uniform set of recommendations was able to be generated. A total of 13 different summary recommendations were generated from this survey. Necessary components to these evaluations include (1) performance of cognitive testing (2) obtaining collateral information regarding functional status from another trusted individual (3) assessing the individual’s insight into any reported functional impairments or safety concerns by explaining discrepancies between that individual’s own observations and reported concerns from the trusted individual, and (4) using hypothetical situations to assess a person’s judgment and reasoning in addressing any gaps in care or safety concerns raised during the interview.

Foregone Mental Health Care and Self-Reported Access Barriers Among Adolescents

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luzette A. Samargia ◽  
Elizabeth M. Saewyc ◽  
Barbara A. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Saint Louis ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Using Data

Adolescents forego mental health care in spite of self-perceived needs for services; this presents a significant public health problem. Using data from the 2001 Adolescent Health Care Access Survey of 16-year-olds in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, we assessed barriers to mental health care among the 878 respondents who reported ever needing psychological or emotional counseling. Demographic characteristics were compared among those who had always, had sometimes, or had never received needed mental health care. Overall, 57% of the youths reported foregoing mental health care at least once. Girls and adolescents living with both parents were significantly more likely to have foregone care. Youths identified two common barriers to accessing care: “Thought or hoped the problem would go away” (50%) and “Didn’t want parents to know” (36%). School-based interventions should be sensitive to mental health needs, especially among girls and teens living in two-parent families.

Risk Factors Associated With Elder Abuse: The Importance of Differentiating by Type of Elder Maltreatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 738-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly L. Jackson ◽  
Thomas L. Hafemeister
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adult Protective Services ◽  
Financial Exploitation ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Elder Maltreatment

Elder abuse research rarely differentiates by the type of elder maltreatment involved when identifying risk factors. The purpose of this study was to compare risk factors across four predominant types of elder maltreatment (financial exploitation, physical abuse, neglect by others, and hybrid financial exploitation [HFE]). Data were collected from two sources: interviews with victims of substantiated elder abuse, responding adult protective services (APS) caseworkers (N = 71), and third-party informants; and a statewide database that contained all substantiated cases over a corresponding 2-year period (N = 2,142). Using chi-square (interview data) and logistic regressions (Adult Services/Adult Protective Services [ASAPS] data), significant differences across the four types of elder maltreatment were found. These two datasets provide converging evidence for the importance of differentiating by type of maltreatment when identifying risk factors for elder maltreatment and for the importance of considering both the elderly victim and the abusive individual when predicting type of elder maltreatment.

Sexual Violence Victimization of U.S. Males: Negative Health Conditions Associated with Rape and Being Made to Penetrate

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110551
Author(s):  
Sharon G. Smith ◽  
Jieru Chen ◽  
Ashley N. Lowe ◽  
Kathleen C. Basile
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Rape Victims ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data

Sexual violence is a significant public health problem with long-term health implications. Previous investigations of male victimization have often relied on nongeneralizable samples to examine the health consequences of rape. Furthermore, made to penetrate (MTP) victimization has received very little attention as a specific form of sexual violence. Using data from the 2010 to 2012 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, we examined negative impacts (e.g., injury) and health conditions associated with experiences of rape and MTP among male victims in the United States. Results indicate that approximately 1 in 4 victims of rape-only and 1 in 12 victims of MTP-only reported physical injuries. An estimated 62.7% of rape-only victims and 59.8% of MTP-only victims reported at least one impact due to the perpetrator’s violence. Rape victims were significantly more likely than non-rape victims to report 2 of 11 health conditions measured, while MTP victims had greater odds of reporting 6 of 11 health conditions measured compared to non-MTP victims. This article fills gaps in understanding the impacts of rape and MTP on male victims, and it is the only study to do so using a large, nationally representative sample. Sexual violence is linked to serious health effects but is also preventable. Screening for violence victimization and preventing male sexual violence before it happens are both important to reduce the risk for immediate and chronic health impacts.

scholarly journals PERPETRATOR DEMOGRAPHICS ASSOCIATED WITH ADULT PROTECTIVE SERVICES—CONFIRMED FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION CASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S478-S478
Author(s):  
Cassandra J Enzler ◽  
Carlos Reyes-Ortiz ◽  
and Jason Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Protective Services ◽  
Financial Exploitation

Abstract Financial exploitation (FE) in older adults is a significant public health problem linked to outcomes including depression, financial ruin and early mortality. Studies have demonstrated risk factors associated with FE, but less is known about perpetrator characteristics. We performed a secondary data analysis of over 16,000 reported cases of FE utilizing a cross sectional design. Using multivariate logistic regression, confirmed and unconfirmed cases of FE were predicted from the following perpetrator demographics: age, gender, marital status, ethnicity, relationship to the victim, living status, and histories of drug abuse, alcohol abuse, and mental illness. Significant perpetrator demographics predicting confirmed FE were separation/divorce (OR=1.48), identifying as White (OR=1.33) or Black (OR=1.44), being a daughter (OR=1.61), son (OR=1.75), grandchild (OR=2.72), or other family member (OR=1.41), not residing with the victim (OR=2.32), and having a history of drug abuse (OR=2.56), alcohol abuse (OR=1.80), or mental illness (OR=1.91). These findings are based on a large statewide dataset and describe important perpetrator characteristics that could potentially be targeted for both intervention and prevention programs. This is especially important as many victims are reluctant to seek criminal action against a family member or trusted individual. This information is valuable as it may help APS, who has limited funding and staff, investigate and intervene in more difficult elder abuse FE cases.

scholarly journals Self-neglect: a survey of old age psychiatrists in Ireland

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2088-2090 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. O’Brien ◽  
Colm Cooney ◽  
Mairead Bartley ◽  
Desmond O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Adult Protective Services ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

Self-neglect in old age is complex, challenging, and likely to increase in the future. Self-neglect is characterized as the behavior of an elderly person that threatens his or her own safety. Self-neglect is the most common form of abuse and neglect reported to Adult Protective Services in the United States (see Teaster, 2000). Self-neglect is also associated with a significantly increased mortality in victims (Dong et al., 2009). Self-neglect has become a significant public health problem affecting not just the victims but also family members, friends, and frequently the community at large. Characteristics of self-neglect include a failure to provide oneself with adequate food, water, clothing, shelter, or a safe environment and neglect of personal hygiene and medical treatment (O’Brien, 2011).

scholarly journals A Fatal and Rare Case of Hydatid Cyst in the Pouch of Douglas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Asnani ◽  
Sunil Kumar Yeshvanth ◽  
Lancelot Lobo ◽  
Shipra Sonkusare
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Zoonotic Infection ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Pouch Of Douglas

Abstract Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic infection and a significant public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. A 79-year-old female patient was presented to the gynecology outpatient department with complaints of pain in the abdomen and difficulty in micturition, with a mass palpable per speculum. The ultrasound was suggestive of an ovarian cystadenocarcinoma, whereas computed tomography of the abdomen favored hydatid cyst with adnexal neoplasm as a differential diagnosis. Considering the contradictory findings, a frozen section was sent to confirm the diagnosis, which showed hooklets of Echinococcus granulosus/hydatid cyst under the microscope. This was a rare case of pelvic hydatid cyst mimicking ovarian malignancy and was associated with a less-preferred mode of investigation (frozen section). This article focuses on how a frozen section, despite its limitations and being expensive, can still be considered for accurate patient management.

Possible role of Unani Pharmacology in COVID-19 – a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Anzar Alam ◽  
Mohd Abdul Gani ◽  
G. Shama ◽  
Ghulamuddin Sofi ◽  
Mohd Aleemuddin Quamri
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Boswellia Serrata ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), viral diseases continue to rise, and pose a significant public health problem. Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is close to Amraz-e-Wabai (epidemic diseases) which was described by Hippocrates, Galen, Aristotle, Razes, Haly Abbas, Avicenna, Jurjani etc. Presently, there is no specific or challenging treatment available for COVID-19. Renowned Unani Scholars recommended during epidemic situation to stay at home, and fumigate the shelters with aromatics herbs like Ood kham (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.), Kundur (Boswellia serrata Roxb), Kafoor (Cinnamomum camphora L.), Sandal (Santalum album L), Hing (Ferula foetida L.) etc. Use of specific Unani formulations are claimed effective for the management of such epidemic or pandemic situation like antidotes (Tiryaqe Wabai, Tiryaqe Arba, Tiryaqe Azam, Gile Armani), Herbal Decoction (Joshandah), along with Sharbate Khaksi, Habbe Bukhar, Sharbate Zanjabeel, Khamira Marwareed, Jawarish Jalinus, and Sirka (vinegar). Such drugs are claimed for use as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, cardiotonic, and general tonic actions. The study enumerates the literature regarding management of epidemics in Unani medicine and attempts to look the same in the perspective of COVID-19 prevention and management.

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