A Scoping Review of Financial Elder Exploitation Interventions

Elder financial exploitation (EFE), defined by the National Center for Elder Abuse (2021) as “the misappropriation of an older person’s money or property,” is a continuing public health crisis shown to cost individuals at least $2.9 billion a year (MetLife Mature Market Institute, 2011). Many believe this impact will increase exponentially due to the effects of COVID-19. In fact, a recent study conducted by Chang & Levy (2021) found that the prevalence of elder abuse as a whole increased from 1 in 10 older adults to 1 in 5 in the past year. Although increased collaboration between state attorneys general, Adult Protective Services, and financial institutions has driven progress in the field; there is still little known regarding EFE interventions. To address this issue, this study conducts a scoping review of the EFE intervention literature. This approach was chosen over a systematic review primarily due to the lack of a universal definition of EFE, as well as the limited number of studies available delineating between EFE and elder abuse as a whole. The main findings of the review reveal that current EFE intervention practices are focused on preventing abuse before it occurs by addressing risk factors for abuse in older adults; and are largely reliant on Adult Protective Services and the legal system. This finding is significant because state policies differ in their qualifications of EFE, thus leaving many older adults vulnerable and unprotected. Further interventions that address EFE while it is occurring and alignment across governing bodies are needed.

Development of Academic Technological Entrepreneurship in Russia

Technology entrepreneurs play a critical role in modern models of economic growth. At the same time, the features and development trajectories of technological entrepreneurship and gazelle firms in Russia differ from countries with mature market economies. The purpose of the article is to assess the state of academic technology entrepreneurship in Russian universities and to develop recommendations for its development. The methods of two-dimensional classification of universities according to two indicators of technological entrepreneurship development, correlation analysis, assessment of intergroup differences according to the Mann-Whitney U-criterion, qualitative analysis of entrepreneurial ecosystems in universities, methods of constructing algorithms were used. As a result, it was found that the number of start-ups and the likelihood of receiving commercial funding are practically not correlated. There is a group of universities that are not among the largest metropolitan universities, but have a high proportion of entrepreneurial projects that have successfully passed the seed stage and received commercial funding (business angel, venture fund). These top performing universities are distinguished not only by their innovative infrastructure, but also by a wide variety of community centers. Taking into account the results obtained an algorithm for the development of academic technological entrepreneurship on the basis of the university as an innovation hub has been developed. Its important elements are: pre-active marketing of scientific research groundwork, development of the social capital of the ecosystem, and collaboration practices. The results may be of interest to technology entrepreneurs themselves, as well as to universities interested in the development of academic entrepreneurship.

Speed and Sustainability When Entering New Market

When constructing a factory to enter new markets, the optimal size to respond to demand is determined by the construction time. Hyundai Motor Company (Hyundai), on the other hand, standardizes the size of its factories to speed up the entry and response to demand. The Hyundai’s entry mode, called SPEED, is modeled as a strategy. The strategy is evaluated of excellence with capacity expansion rules formalized, key parameters identified, and mathematical programming. The SPEED strategy is suited for market followers who want to enter a midscale or mature market in terms of business excellence and more sustainable throughout the factory’s life cycle on the side of sustainability. Shorter construction times, as a result of the SPEED strategy, can help to prevent environmental damage while also standardization can increase job prospects for local workers.

The co-integration of CDS and bonds in time-varying volatility dynamics: do credit risk swaps lower bond risks?

This study analyzes the co-integration relationship between sovereign bonds and credit default swaps (CDS) and then examines the impact of CDS-bond deviation from the relationship on market volatility using the Markov-switching approach. Our empirical sample consists of the daily CDS premium and bond yield spread obtained with the DataStream database for the period from 2008 to 2014. Our empirical results show that the absolute value of the CDS-bond deviation is positively related to the probability of a high volatility regime and negatively related to the probability of a low volatility regime. This result implies a positive association between the CDS-bond deviation and the volatility in the CDS-bond market. Our findings are consistent across mature-market and emerging-market countries. Moreover, the evidence we uncover suggests that the practice of managing default risk of bonds via the use of CDS may increase the interest rate risk of the bond, which implies both wins and woes from the introduction of CDS, particularly for mature-market countries.

Human Resource Management in Emerging Markets

Originally coined as a term for a grouping of developing countries which that were neither mature market economies nor “Third World” and with earlier linked terminologies, emerging markets reflect an evolving and diverse literature with a series of opportunities, encompassing the purely theoretical through to the methodological and the analytical. This chapter provides an overview examination of such theoretical approaches, indicating where there might be similarities, differences, or advantages to deploying multiple approaches to better understand the complexity and diversity of human resource management in these contexts. Examples of research using these approaches are given. The theoretical approaches include institutional theory, cross-cultural perspectives, emerging market multinational companies internationalization perspectives, the Afro-Asian nexus, resource and social capital perspectives, the postcolonial approach, and an examination of hybrid models. The latter may include similarities, convergence, and the interplay between one or more of these approaches.

Public–Private Partnership Monitor: Philippines

This publication presents a detailed overview of the current state of the public–private partnership (PPP) environment in the Philippines. In over three decades, the country developed a robust public–private partnership (PPP) enabling framework through the Build-Operate-Transfer Law of 2012 and the PPP Center. Among developing member countries of the Asian Development Bank, the Philippines has a relatively mature market that has witnessed 116 financially closed PPPs. Under the government’s 2017–2022 Development Plan that has an infrastructure investment target of $180 billion, PPPs are expected to play a pivotal role in financing national and subnational infrastructure investments. With a pipeline of 37 PPPs, the government is taking various steps to further improve the environment for PPPs.

A Comparative Study on the Dynamic Correlation Effect of Foreign and Domestic Gasoline and Diesel Price Fluctuations

This paper uses the law of one price (LOP) and the DCC-GARCH method based on ten-day price sequences. The findings indicate that, compared with the international refined oil markets with mature market-oriented pricing mechanisms, only in the Chinese market do gasoline and diesel prices meet the LOP. This finding shows that, in the context of the gradual integration of the global refined oil market, the international level of China's refined oil price is still quite low. The price reforms pertaining to China's refined oil products still need to be pushed forward in the direction of marketization and internationalization.

Price-Linked Subsidies and Imperfect Competition in Health Insurance

Policymakers subsidizing health insurance often face uncertainty about future market prices. We study the implications of one policy response: linking subsidies to prices to target a given postsubsidy premium. We show that these price-linked subsidies weaken competition, raising prices for the government and/or consumers. However, price-linking also ties subsidies to health care cost shocks, which may be desirable. Evaluating this tradeoff empirically, using a model estimated with Massachusetts insurance exchange data, we find that price-linking increases prices 1–6 percent, and much more in less competitive markets. For cost uncertainty reasonable in a mature market, these losses outweigh the benefits of price-linking. (JEL G22, H75, I13, I18)

A profile of mobile service users in a mature market: from “uninvolved pragmatics” to “potential switchers”

Purpose Mobile services are expanding rapidly, and in this tremendously dynamic environment, companies should provide value-added services to meet users’ demand. In this context, the study aims to determine whether different user groups exist in this market and profile them. Methodology Based on the information of 568 mobile service users, a research was developed in the context of a mature mobile services market – Spain. A behavior-based cluster analysis is developed by means of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), followed by two-step clustering. Then, an ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests are conducted to confirm differences among the obtained clusters. Findings The study findings show that mobile service users cannot be perceived as a homogenous group, as different users with different behaviors coexist in this market. More specifically, four behavior-based segments emerge in the mobile service sector: “service connoisseurs,” “uninvolved pragmatics,” “potential switchers” and “delighted loyal”; “potential switchers” being the most challenging segment for mobile service companies. Originality/value This study reports mobile service users’ heterogeneity; and in turn, mobile service managers should consider customers as four different types, instead of considering them as one single customer.