scholarly journals WHICH ASPECTS OF HEALTH PREDICT LATE-LIFE SOCIAL INTEGRATION OVER TIME?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S618-S619
Author(s):  
Masahiro Toyama ◽  
Masahiro Toyama ◽  
Heather R Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Objective Health ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Associations between late-life social integration and health have been found to be reciprocal. The present study focuses on the direction of health predicting social integration as it is not yet fully understood how different aspects of health may affect social integration. Using two-wave data from a community-based sample (N = 413, mean age 80 at baseline), the present study investigates whether depressive symptoms, chronic health conditions, functional limitations, and self-rated health independently predicted multiple dimensions of social integration over two years. The results of multiple regression and path analyses indicated that self-rated health was the most consistent predictor for social integration over time as the other health measures predicted no or fewer dimensions of social integration. Subjective perception of health appeared to have greater implications for social integration over time than more objective health symptoms/conditions. These findings highlight the important role of subjective health for maintaining late-life social integration.

scholarly journals MULTIPLE FACTORS INFLUENCING SUCCESSFUL AGING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S618-S618
Author(s):  
Heather Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Objective Health ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Aging Well ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Empirically-based theories on successful aging have emphasized the multidimensional nature of aging well, including physical health and functioning, cognitive and emotional well-being, and social connectedness and engagement (e.g., Rowe & Kahn, 1987, Depp & Jeste, 2006). Yet, the field is still continuing to discover, deeply characterize, and better understand the biopsychosocial mechanisms through which varying social, physical, or cognitive activities may influence unique domains of successful aging. The current symposium builds on this growing body of research by addressing factors supporting successful aging across multiple dimensions of well-being and among a diversity of samples ranging from urban to rural, West Coast to Midwest, and community populations to professional athletes. Webster and Antonucci examine the links between social engagement and successful aging among affordable senior housing residents. They found that more frequent participation in social activities was associated with increases in life satisfaction over time. Toyama and Fuller examine how social engagement and health affect aging well, finding that older adults’ subjective health plays a more important role than objective health in maintaining social integration over time. Similarly, Turner describes the role of social networks and religiosity for health outcomes among aging NFL athletes. Finally, Casaletto and colleagues examined mechanisms underlying cognitive wellness as an aspect of successful aging. They found that engagement in both physical and cognitive activities independently support brain health and cognitive reserve in late-life. Taken together, these presentations provide a diverse and broad perspective on how varying factors influence the multiple dimensions of successful aging.

scholarly journals Perceived personal deadlines for late-life preparation across adulthood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frieder R. Lang ◽  
Fiona S. Rupprecht
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Throughout adulthood, individuals follow personal timetables of deadlines that shape the course of aging. We examine 6-year-longitudinal data of perceived personal deadlines for starting with late-life preparation across adulthood. Findings are based on a sample of 518 adults between 18 and 88 years of age. Multilevel regression analyses were conducted to explore changes in personal deadlines for preparation in five domains (i.e., finances, end of life, housing, social connectedness, caregiving) in relation to calendar age, self-rated health, subjective position in life, and sociodemographic variables. Findings suggest that personal deadlines for starting preparatory activities differ depending on calendar age and domain of late-life preparation. Older adults as compared to younger adults are likely to report narrower deadlines for beginning with late-life preparation. Perceived deadlines for late-life preparation were furthermore found to be preponed and slightly dilated over time. Findings suggest that depending on age-graded opportunity structures, individuals flexibly adjust their personal deadlines for late-life preparation.

scholarly journals Corrigendum to: Functional Limitations, Social Integration, and Daily Activities in Late Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L Fingerman ◽  
Yee To Ng ◽  
Meng Huo ◽  
Kira S Birditt ◽  
Susan T Charles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Daily Activities

scholarly journals Functional Limitations, Social Integration, and Daily Activities in Late Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L Fingerman ◽  
Yee To Ng ◽  
Meng Huo ◽  
Kira S Birditt ◽  
Susan T Charles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Loss Of Autonomy ◽  
Social Partners ◽  
Tv Watching

Abstract Objectives Disability in late life has been associated with increases in receiving care and loss of autonomy. The Disablement Process Model suggests that physical impairments lead to functional limitations that contribute to disabilities in managing household, job or other demands. Yet, we know surprisingly little about how functional limitations are related to activities throughout the day among community-dwelling adults, or the possible moderating role of social integration on these associations. Methods Community-dwelling adults (N = 313) aged 65+ completed a baseline interview assessing their functional limitations, social ties, and background characteristics. Over 5 to 6 days, they answered questions about daily activities and encounters with social partners every 3 hours on handheld Android devices. Results Multilevel logistic models revealed that functional limitations are associated with increased likelihood of activities associated with poor health (e.g., TV watching, medical appointments), and reduced likelihood of social activities, or physical activities, chores, or leaving the home. Most moderation analyses were not significant; family and friends did not mitigate associations between functional limitations and daily activities, with the exception of medical appointments. Individuals with functional limitations were more likely to attend medical appointments when with their social partners than when alone. Discussion This study provided modest indication that functional limitations in community-dwelling older adults are associated with patterns of activity that may lead to further limitations, disability or loss of autonomy. Findings warrant longitudinal follow-up to establish subsequent patterns of decline or stability.

scholarly journals Facets of Subjective Health From Early Adulthood to Old Age

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol E. Franz ◽  
Deborah Finkel ◽  
Matthew S. Panizzon ◽  
Kelly Spoon ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Objective Health ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Genes And Environment ◽  
The Life Course

Objective: Subjective health is a complex indicator predicting longevity independent of objective health. Few studies examine genetic and environmental mechanisms underlying different facets of subjective health across the life course. Method: Three subjective health measures were examined in 12,900 twins ( Mage = 63.38, range = 25-102) from nine studies in the Interplay of Genes and Environment across Multiple Studies Consortium: self-rated health (SRH), health compared with others (COMP), and health interfering with activities (ACT). Results: Analyses indicated age and sex differences in mean scores depending on the measure. SRH and ACT showed significant linear and non-linear moderation by age for individual differences in both genetic and environmental variance. Significant sex differences in components of variance were found for SRH and ACT, but not COMP. Discussion: Subjective health appears to be dependent on frame of reference and reflect different aspects of health. Results suggest different genetic and environmental mechanisms underlie each facet.

12-Year Associations of Health with Personality in the Second Half of Life

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Wettstein ◽  
Benjamin Tauber ◽  
Hans-Werner Wahl ◽  
Claudia Frankenberg
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Objective Health ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Design Analyses

Abstract. We examined longitudinal associations between personality, objective (physician-rated) and self-rated health over 12 years in two German cohorts (midlife cohort, born 1950/52, nT0 = 502; late-life cohort, born 1930/32, nT0 = 500) from the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE). Based on cross-lagged panel design analyses controlling for sex, education, depression, and cognitive abilities, we found that after 12 years better baseline objective health predicted lower Neuroticism and higher Agreeableness, whereas baseline Extraversion and Conscientiousness were positive predictors of later self-rated health. Our findings thus illustrate that the direction of longitudinal personality-health associations is dependent on whether objective or self-rated health is considered, whereas relations do not seem to be considerably different in midlife vs. in old age.

scholarly journals Protecting Health Consumers from Falling for Medical Disinformation on the Internet: new Function of Critical Health Literacy (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Johannes Schulz ◽  
Annalisa Pessina ◽  
Uwe Hartung ◽  
Serena Petrocchi
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Objective Health

BACKGROUND Health knowledge held and health information processed have become more important than ever due to the accumulation of scientific medical knowledge and ideals of patient autonomy. Health literacy and its tremendous success as a concept can be considered an admission that not all is well in the distribution of health knowledge. The Internet makes health information much more easily available than ever, but it introduces its own problems, of which health disinformation is a major one OBJECTIVE To help determine whether objective and subjective health literacy are one or two concepts. To test which of the two is associated more strongly with an adequate judgment of the quality of a medical website and with behavioral intentions beneficial to health. METHODS A survey (n = 362) was conducted online on mental health, and specifically on depression and its treatments. Newest Vital Sign was employed as objective, performance-based measure; the eHealth Literacy Scale as subjective, perception-based. Correlation, comparison of means, linear and binary logistic regression, and mediation models were used to determine the associations RESULTS Objective and subjective health literacy were hardly associated (r = .06, P = .24). High objective health literacy went along with an inclination to behave in ways that are beneficial to one’s own or others’ health (Exp(B) = 2.068, P = .004), and it made people recognize a website of dubious quality for what it is (β = -0.4698, P = .0053). The recognition also improved participants’ preferences for treatment (β = -0.3345, P < .001). Objective health literacy helped people to recognize poor quality in health websites and improved their judgment on the treatment of depression CONCLUSIONS Self-reported and perception-based health literacy should be treated as a different concept from performance-based objective literacy. Only objective literacy appears to have the potential to prevent people from falling for health disinformation

scholarly journals Health Status of Healthcare Professionals Working in an Institute for Chronically Ill Psychiatric Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Katalin Nagyváradi ◽  
Zsuzsa Mátrai
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Objective Health

AbstractSeveral research works in the related international literature on sociology and health sciences deal with the state of health in one selected population. In these studies, the chosen sample is often connected with special jobs, especially with healthcare professionals and their working conditions. These studies predominantly examine the self-rated subjective health status using questionnaires. There are others that assess the state of health based not only on self-rated subjective indicators, but also using objective data gained by measuring. Considering the international experiences, we chose a special population in our research – healthcare professionals working in an institute for chronically ill psychiatric patients. Our choice was influenced by the fact that we wanted to include their unique working conditions when exploring and assessing their health status. Moreover, our approach was to assess the objective state of health alongside the subjective factors, as our hypothesis was that the majority of the indicators presumably coincided. The data were collected with the help of three questionnaires and some indicators of the objective health statuses were measured. The findings were processed using the SPSS 17.0 mathematical-statistical software package. Following the descriptive statistics, we applied hierarchic cluster-analysis based on results of the WHOQOLD-BREF26 life-quality questionnaire, the WHO WBI-5 Well Being Index, and on the body composition analysis. The results show the objective and subjective health status of population and the factors that influenced it; the working conditions and the interpersonal contacts in the workplace. The conclusion was that in the examined population the subjective and objective health status doesn’t coincide.

scholarly journals Frailty Phenotype and Healthcare Costs in Women in Late Life: The SOF study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 778-778
Author(s):  
Lisa Langsetmo ◽  
Allyson Kats ◽  
John Schousboe ◽  
Tien Vo ◽  
Brent Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Deficit Accumulation ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Medicare Claims ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Direct Healthcare Costs ◽  
Frailty Indicator

Abstract We used data from 1324 women (mean age 83) at the 2002-2004 exam linked with their Medicare claims to determine the association of the frailty phenotype with healthcare costs. The frailty phenotype was categorized as robust, pre-frail or frail. Multimorbidity and a frailty indicator (approximating the deficit accumulation index) were derived from claims. Functional limitations were assessed by asking about difficulty performing IADL. Total direct healthcare costs were ascertained during 36 months following the exam. Compared with robust, pre-frailty and frailty were associated with higher costs after accounting for demographics, multimorbidity, functional limitations and the frailty indicator (cost ratio 1.37 [1.10-1.71] among pre-frail and 1.63 [1.28-2.08] among frail). Discrimination of high-cost (top decile) women was improved by adding the phenotype and functional limitations to a model containing demographics and the claims-based measures. Findings suggest that assessment of the phenotype may improve identification of individuals at higher risk of costly care.

scholarly journals The effects of social comparisons on subjective age and self-rated health

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Maayan Sayag ◽  
Gitit Kavé
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Older adults consistently report young subjective age and provide high ratings of their subjective health. The current research examined which social comparisons older adults make when they assess their subjective age and health, as well as the effects of experimentally manipulated social comparisons on these assessments. In Study 1, 146 participants (aged 60 and over) reported to whom they compared themselves when assessing their subjective age or health. In Study 2, 100 participants (aged 60 and over) reported their subjective age and health after receiving feedback that compared them to younger adults or to their peers. Study 1 shows that participants compared themselves primarily to their peer group. Yet, individuals who selected a younger comparison group when assessing subjective age reported a younger subjective age, better self-rated health and more positive expectations regarding ageing relative to those who selected their peers as a comparison group. No equivalent differences emerged in any of the measures when participants were divided by their selection of comparison group after providing their self-rated health ratings. In Study 2, feedback that emphasised the performance of younger people led to reports of younger subjective age relative to feedback that emphasised peer performance, with no equivalent difference for self-rated health. These findings help explain why older adults feel younger and healthier than they actually are. We suggest that older adults use social comparisons as a strategy that protects them from the negative effects of ageing on self-perception.

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