scholarly journals AN INNOVATIVE PLATFORM BASED ON WEARABLE SENSOR TO QUANTIFY FRAILTY PHENOTYPES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S683-S684
Author(s):  
He Zhou ◽  
Bijan Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
Rotation Velocity ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ankle Movement ◽  
Routine Assessment ◽  
Frailty Criteria

Abstract This study evaluated an innovative wearable sensor based platform (instrumented trail-making task, iTMT) to quickly quantify frailty phenotypes, without the need of walking test. 61 older adults (age=72.8 ± 9.9years, BMI=27.4±4.9kg/m2) were recruited and assessed by Fried Frailty Criteria to determine frailty phenotypes. All subjects participated the iTMT test by standing in front of a computer, wearing a wearable sensor on the front lower shin. The sensor tracked the subject’s ankle movement and projected it on a computer-screen as a moving cursor at real-time. The subject rotated the ankle joint to navigate the cursor to reach 5 indexed circles (including numbers 1-to-3 and letters A&B placed in random orders) in the alternative order of numbers and letters. The iTMT required coordination of brain and body movement, testing subject’s cognitive-motor function. The sensor quantified ankle-rotation biomechanics during the test. All subjects completed the iTMT with average time less than 3 minutes. The ankle-rotation velocity generated during the test distinguished between the presence and absence of Slowness phenotype (Cohen’s effect size d=1.40, p<0.001). The decline of ankle-rotation velocity determined the presence of Exhaustion phenotype (d=0.98, p=0.003). The ankle-rotation power generated during the test determined the presence of Weakness phenotype (d=1.38, p<0.001). The ankle-velocity variability determined the presence of Inactivity phenotype (d=0.90, p<0.001). This study demonstrated the feasibility and validity of the iTMT to quantify frailty phenotypes. This new platform is time-efficient and doesn’t require walking test. It’s more practical for routine assessment in small and busy clinics among patients with mobility limitation.

scholarly journals Instrumented Trail-Making Task: Application of Wearable Sensor to Determine Physical Frailty Phenotypes

Gerontology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zhou ◽  
Javad Razjouyan ◽  
Debopriyo Halder ◽  
Anand D. Naik ◽  
Mark E. Kunik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Rotation Velocity ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Young Subjects

Background: The physical frailty assessment tools that are currently available are often time consuming to use with limited feasibility. Objective: To address these limitations, an instrumented trail-making task (iTMT) platform was developed using wearable technology to automate quantification of frailty phenotypes without the need of a frailty walking test. Methods: Sixty-one older adults (age = 72.8 ± 9.9 years, body mass index [BMI] = 27.4 ± 4.9 kg/m2) were recruited. According to the Fried Frailty Criteria, 39% of participants were determined as robust and 61% as non-robust (pre-frail or frail). In addition, 17 young subjects (age = 29.0 ± 7.2 years, BMI = 26.2 ± 4.6 kg/m2) were recruited to determine the healthy benchmark. The iTMT included reaching 5 indexed circles (including numbers 1-to-3 and letters A&amp;B placed in random orders), which virtually appeared on a computer-screen, by rotating one’s ankle-joint while standing. By using an ankle-worn inertial sensor, 3D ankle-rotation was estimated and mapped into navigation of a computer-cursor in real-time (100 Hz), allowing subjects to navigate the computer-cursor to perform the iTMT. The ankle-sensor was also used for quantifying ankle-rotation velocity (representing slowness), its decline during the test (representing exhaustion), and ankle-velocity variability (representing movement inefficiency), as well as the power (representing weakness) generated during the test. Comparative assessments included Fried frailty phenotypes and gait assessment. Results: All subjects were able to complete the iTMT, with an average completion time of 125 ± 85 s. The iTMT-derived parameters were able to identify the presence and absence of slowness, exhaustion, weakness, and inactivity phenotypes (Cohen’s d effect size = 0.90–1.40). The iTMT Velocity was significantly different between groups (d = 0.62–1.47). Significant correlation was observed between the iTMT Velocity and gait speed (r = 0.684 p < 0.001). The iTMT-derived parameters and age together enabled significant distinguishing of non-robust cases with area under curve of 0.834, sensitivity of 83%, and specificity of 67%. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a non-gait-based wearable platform to objectively quantify frailty phenotypes and determine physical frailty, using a quick and practical test. This platform may address the hurdles of conventional physical frailty phenotypes methods by replacing the conventional frailty walking test with an automated and objective process that reduces the time of assessment and is more practical for those with mobility limitations.

Evaluation of Motor and Cognitive Performance in People with Parkinson’s Disease Using Instrumented Trail-Making Test

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ram kinker Mishra ◽  
Catherine Park ◽  
He Zhou ◽  
Bijan Najafi ◽  
T. Adam Thrasher
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Changes Over Time

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Parkinson’s disease (PD) progressively impairs motor and cognitive performance. The current tools to detect decline in motor and cognitive functioning are often impractical for busy clinics and home settings. To address the gap, we designed an instrumented trail-making task (iTMT) based on a wearable sensor (worn on the shin) with interactive game-based software installed on a tablet. The iTMT test includes reaching to 5 indexed circles, a combination of numbers (1–3) and letters (A&amp;B) randomly positioned inside target circles, in a sequential order, which virtually appears on a screen kept in front of the participants, by rotating one’s ankle joint while standing and holding a chair for safety. By measuring time to complete iTMT task (iTMT time), iTMT enables quantifying cognitive-motor performance. <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> This study’s objective is to examine the feasibility of iTMT to detect early cognitive-motor decline in PDs. <b><i>Method:</i></b> Three groups of volunteers, including 14 cognitively normal (CN) older adults, 14 PDs, and 11 mild cognitive impaireds (MCI), were recruited. Participants completed MoCA, 20 m walking test, and 3 trials of iTMT. <b><i>Results:</i></b> All participants enabled to complete iTMT with &#x3c;3 min, indicating high feasibility. The average iTMT time for CN-Older, PD, and MCI participants were 20.9 ± 0.9 s, 32.3 ± 2.4 s, and 40.9 ± 4.5 s, respectively. After adjusting for age and education level, pairwise comparison suggested large effect sizes for iTMT between CN-older versus PD (Cohen’s <i>d</i> = 1.7, <i>p</i> = 0.024) and CN-older versus MCI (<i>d</i> = 1.57, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01). Significant correlations were observed when comparing iTMT time with the gait speed (<i>r</i> = −0.4, <i>p</i> = 0.011) and MoCA score (<i>r</i> = −0.56, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study demonstrated the feasibility and early results supporting the potential application of iTMT to determine cognitive-motor and distinguishing individuals with MCI and PD from CN-older adults. Future studies are warranted to test the ability of iTMT to track its subtle changes over time.

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu–Related Post-Concussion Symptoms Ameliorated With Neurorehabilitation

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (1 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S25.1-S25
Author(s):  
Frank Patterson ◽  
Matthew Michael Antonucci
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Direct Head ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
The Subject

ObjectiveDiscuss neurorehabilitation efficacy in a case of concussion without direct head impact.BackgroundWhile there is growing concern about the prevalence and severity of concussion in mixed martial arts, a grappling component, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, is not typically perceived as high risk. Rapid acceleration or deceleration without direct head trauma led to a concussion for a 15-year-old male during jiu-jitsu throwing drills. The subject and parents reported difficulty with academic performance, social interactions, and emotional regulation. Symptoms persisted for 4 months before care was sought by the subject and his parents. Without direct head trauma or impact, concussion was not initially suspected.Design/MethodsThirteen sessions of treatment were performed in a neurorehabilitation setting utilizing joint manipulation, vestibular rehabilitation with a whole-body off-axis rotation device, oculomotor exercises, neuromuscular re-education, and electrical stimulation. C3 Logix was utilized as a baseline (immediately preceding second treatment due to equipment difficulties) and at discharge to measure effects of treatment.ResultsData is reported as “(baseline, discharge, percent-change).” Graded Symptom Checklist score out of 162 (91, 20; −78.02%), Trail Making Test A (sec) (26.8, 19.7; −26.49%), Trail Making Test B (sec) (69.9, 37.9; −45.78%), Digit-Symbol Matching speed (# of symbols) (66, 71; +7.58%), Choice reaction time (msec) (452, 397; −12.17), Static:Dynamic Visual Acuity (line difference) (1, 0.4; −60%). Subjectively, the subject and his parents reported improved academic performance, social interactions, and emotional regulation leading to a better home and educational experience for all involved.ConclusionsThis case displays positive clinical improvements with a functional neurology approach to outpatient neurorehabilitation. Further investigation into this multimodal rehabilitation for post-concussion symptoms, with and without direct head impact, is recommended. Continued concussion education and awareness are recommended for sports with rapid acceleration or deceleration and limited direct head impact.

Gaze Affects Pointing Toward Remembered Visual Targets After a Self-Initiated Step

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 2380-2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Admiraal ◽  
N.L.W. Keijsers ◽  
C.C.A.M. Gielen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Target Position ◽  
The Body ◽  
Complete Darkness ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Pointing Movement ◽  
Pointing Accuracy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Variable Errors

We have investigated pointing movements toward remembered targets after an intervening self-generated body movement. We tested to what extent visual information about the environment or finger position is used in updating target position relative to the body after a step and whether gaze plays a role in the accuracy of the pointing movement. Subjects were tested in three visual conditions: complete darkness (DARK), complete darkness with visual feedback of the finger (FINGER), and with vision of a well-defined environment and with feedback of the finger (FRAME). Pointing accuracy was rather poor in the FINGER and DARK conditions, which did not provide vision of the environment. Constant pointing errors were mainly in the direction of the step and ranged from about 10 to 20 cm. Differences between binocular fixation and target position were often related to the step size and direction. At the beginning of the trial, when the target was visible, fixation was on target. After target extinction, fixation moved away from the target relative to the subject. The variability in the pointing positions appeared to be related to the variable errors in fixation, and the co-variance increases during the delay period after the step, reaching a highly significant value at the time of pointing. The significant co-variance between fixation position and pointing is not the result of a mutual dependence on the step, since we corrected for any direct contributions of the step in both signals. We conclude that the co-variance between fixation and pointing position reflects 1) a common command signal for gaze and arm movements and 2) an effect of fixation on pointing accuracy at the time of pointing.

Monitoring Human Movement with Body-Fixed Sensors and its Clinical Applications

2011 ◽  
pp. 101-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamiar Aminian
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Intelligent Computing ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Movement Monitoring

In this chapter, first we outline the advantage of new technologies based on body-fixed sensors and particularly the possibility to perform field measurement, out of a laboratory and during the actual condition of the subject. The relevance of intelligent computing and its potential to enhance those features hidden in biomechanical signals are reviewed. An emphasis is made to show the results produced by these sensors when used alone and new possibilities offered when the information from different type of body fixed sensors are fused. In the second part, the relevance of body fixed sensors in medicine is presented by providing many clinical applications in orthopedics, Parkinson disease, physiology, pain management, and aging. Finally the chapter ends by emphasizing the potential of synergies between body fixed movement monitoring and other areas such as information technology which lead to the development of wearable body movement monitoring.

scholarly journals Wearable Sensor Clothing for Body Movement Measurement during Physical Activities in Healthcare

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2068
Author(s):  
Armands Ancans ◽  
Modris Greitans ◽  
Ricards Cacurs ◽  
Beate Banga ◽  
Artis Rozentals
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Acquisition Device ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Application Specific

This paper presents a wearable wireless system for measuring human body activities, consisting of small inertial sensor nodes and the main hub for data transmission via Bluetooth for further analysis. Unlike optical and ultrasonic technologies, the proposed solution has no movement restrictions, such as the requirement to stay in the line of sight, and it provides information on the dynamics of the human body’s poses regardless of its location. The problem of the correct placement of sensors on the body is considered, a simplified architecture of the wearable clothing is described, an experimental set-up is developed and tests are performed. The system has been tested by performing several physical exercises and comparing the performance with the commercially available BTS Bioengineering SMART DX motion capture system. The results show that our solution is more suitable for complex exercises as the system based on digital cameras tends to lose some markers. The proposed wearable sensor clothing can be used as a multi-purpose data acquisition device for application-specific data analysis, thus providing an automated tool for scientists and doctors to measure patient’s body movements.

scholarly journals Methods and Rationale for Using GPS-Derived Objective Technologies to Examine Community Mobility in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 565-565
Author(s):  
Kyle Moored ◽  
Andrea Rosso ◽  
Michelle Carlson ◽  
Breanna Crane
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Therapy Intervention

Abstract Objective measures of community mobility are advantageous for capturing life-space activity. In contrast to subjective, self-reported approaches, GPS-derived objective measures leverage passive, real-time data collection techniques to mitigate recall bias and minimize participant burden. We present methods to quantify community mobility among a sample of 164 community-dwelling older adults (Mean age=77.3±6.5) from a physical therapy intervention aimed at improving walking ability. We characterized community mobility using activity space metrics (e.g., standard deviation ellipse (SDE) area), timing (e.g., time outside home), and shape (e.g., SDE compactness). We will discuss challenges and solutions to generating these metrics as well as their associations with physical and cognitive performance. Time outside of home and SDE area, but not SDE compactness, were correlated with better performance on the 6-Minute Walking Test and Trail-Making Test (Part B) (ρ=.20-.23, p’s&lt;.05). These findings will aid in understanding which community mobility measures are associated with functional capacity.

Band-Suppressed Restoration of X-Ray Images Blurred by Body Movement

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 130-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Saitoh ◽  
T. Kiryu ◽  
K. Okamoto ◽  
K. Sakai ◽  
J. Hori
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Coordinate Transformation ◽  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Additive Noise ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Observation System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bone Model ◽  
The Subject

Abstract:The restoration of X-ray images that have been blurred due to body movement are discussed. The observation system for these images is described using a mathematical model, and several restoration filters composed of a series of such models are proposed. These filters restore band-suppressed approximations of the original images. In addition, redundancy is introduced into these restoration filters in order to suppress additive noise. These filters are expanded to be applicable not only to parallel translations, but also to rotations by coordinate transformation. The proposed methods are applied to blurred X-ray images of a bone model of the elbow joint. The parameters of the restoration filter are estimated using a marker attached to the subject as a reference signal.

Perceptual calibration to delayed auditory feedback of self-body movement

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Koichi Toida ◽  
Kanako Ueno ◽  
Sotaro Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Feedback Delay ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Probability Curve ◽  
Delay Detection ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
The Subject

Temporal contingency between self-body movement and its auditory feedback is crucial to perceive external auditory events. The present study examined whether delay detection of self-generated sound is modulated by short-term exposure of delayed auditory feedback. A total of 36 healthy students participated in Experiment 1 (, age 21.4 ± 1.3 years, mean ± SD) and 2 (, age 20.8 ± 1.4 years). In both experiments, the subject pressed a button with their right index finger and judged whether the auditory feedback (full-range pulsed sound) delivered through a headphone was delayed or not, compared to the sensation of the finger movement. Auditory feedback delay was inserted by using a sound effector device (SPX2000, YAMAHA, Japan). The durations of auditory feedback delay were ranged from 118 to 352 ms at 33.3 ms intervals in Experiment 1, and from 19 to 253 ms in Experiment 2. To calculate the point of subjective equality (PSE), where the delay detection rate was 50%, we have fitted a logistic function to the delay detection probability curve for each subject. The results showed that PSEs were 209.0 and 137.5 ms in Experiment 1 and 2, respectively, which were significantly different (, ). This indicates that PSE was modulated by the range of the delay used in the experiment; PSE became longer as the delay lengthened. We suppose that the perceptual delay in auditory feedback of self-body movement is automatically calibrated to the frequently exposed duration between self-body movement and the auditory feedback.

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