scholarly journals OPTIMISM AND PAIN INTERFERENCE IN AGING WOMEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S814-S814
Author(s):  
Stephanie T Judge ◽  
Jodi L Clasey ◽  
Leslie J Crofford ◽  
Suzanne C Segerstrom
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Daily Diary Study ◽  
Aging Women ◽  
Virtuous Cycle

Abstract Pain limits individuals’ ability to engage in activities that promote well-being. This longitudinal-burst daily diary study tested reciprocal relationships among pain, optimism, pain interference, and activity in older women. Multilevel models tested between- and within-person relationships among these variables. Pain best predicted interference (person: γ001 = .227, SE = .022, p < .0001; wave: γ010 = .267, SE = .014, p < .0001; day: γ100 = .246, SE = .010, p < .0001); optimism best predicted activity (γ002 = .684, SE = .101, p < .0001). In linear regression models, baseline optimism (sr2 = 0.560, p < .0001), less interference (sr2 = 0.064, p < .0001), and more activity (sr2 = 0.015, p = .013) predicted higher end-of-study optimism. Ultimately, more optimistic women were significantly more active than less optimistic women, and less interference and more activity promoted increased optimism, creating a virtuous cycle that enhances well-being among older women.

scholarly journals Optimism and Pain Interference in Aging Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-212
Author(s):  
Stephanie T Judge ◽  
Jody L Clasey ◽  
Leslie J Crofford ◽  
Suzanne C Segerstrom
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Daily Diaries ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Virtuous Cycle

Abstract Background Pain interferes with people’s daily lives and often limits the extent to which they can pursue goals and engage in activities that promote well-being. However, people vary in how much interference they experience at a given level of pain. Purpose The present study tested how optimism affects and is affected by pain interference and goal-directed activity among older women. Methods Every 3 months for 2 years, community-dwelling middle- and older-age women (N = 199) completed online daily diaries at home for a 7 day period, in which they reported their daily pain, pain interference, and goal-directed activity. Optimism was measured at the start and end of the study. Multilevel models tested the between- and within-person relationships among pain, optimism, and pain interference or goal-directed activity. Linear regression predicted change in optimism over 2 years from pain interference and goal-directed activity. Results Pain best predicted pain interference and optimism best predicted goal-directed activity. There were subtle interactions between optimism and pain-predicting interference and goal-directed activity. Accumulated goal-directed activity and pain interference across the study predicted longitudinal changes in optimism, with higher activity and lower pain interference predicting increased optimism over 2 years. Conclusions Optimism may play a protective role in disruptions caused by pain on a day-to-day basis, leading to increased goal-directed activity and possibly decreased pain interference. In turn, less interference and more goal-directed activity feed forward into increased optimism, resulting in a virtuous cycle that enhances optimism and well-being among older women.

Illness Uncertainty in Patients Awaiting Liver Transplant

2020 ◽  
pp. 019394592095205
Author(s):  
Donald E. Bailey ◽  
Jia Yao ◽  
Qing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Illness Uncertainty ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Uncertainty In Illness ◽  
Uncertainty Score

Illness uncertainty is prevalent in patients awaiting liver transplant. We described high levels of illness uncertainty in these patients and examined relationships between uncertainty and person factors and the antecedents of uncertainty. Mishel uncertainty in illness scale was used to measure illness uncertainty. We used modes and interquartile range (IQR) to describe illness uncertainty levels in 115 patients. Multiple logistic and linear regression models estimated the associations of uncertainty with hypothesized antecedents. High total illness uncertainty score was reported by 15.6% of the patients. After adjusting for all variables, illness uncertainty was associated with two antecedents of uncertainty, low social well-being (OR = 0.816; p = .025) and low self-efficacy (OR = 0.931; p = .013). Complexity was negatively associated with social well-being; ambiguity and inconsistency were negatively associated with self-efficacy. One in seven patients experienced high illness uncertainty. Social well-being and self-efficacy were negatively related to illness uncertainty.

scholarly journals Provider Communication and Loneliness in Senior Living Communities During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 721-721
Author(s):  
Lindsay Wilkinson ◽  
Julie Masters ◽  
Julie Blaskewicz Boron
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Provider Communication ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Resource Substitution ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Prior research has demonstrated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on feelings of loneliness, but relatively little is known about loneliness in the context of senior living communities (SLCs). Indeed, the pandemic has led SLCs to enact new safety precautions, including visitor restrictions, intended to reduce the spread of COVID-19, which may have serious consequences for the psychosocial well-being of residents. Drawing on a sample of 733 adults ages 54 to 100 living in one of nine SLCs in December 2020 (response rate = 60%), linear regression models were used to examine whether perceived communication between SLCs and residents during the COVID-19 pandemic influenced feelings of loneliness. Analyses also considered whether this association varied as a function of education. Our findings reveal that 53% of respondents were very lonely during the pandemic. However, older adults who perceived that their SLC had been helpful to their understanding of the pandemic were significantly less lonely (p < 0.01), adjusting for sociodemographic and health characteristics. Moreover, we found that less educated older adults derived the greatest benefit from effective communication about the pandemic (p < 0.05). Those with less education reported feeling lonelier if they did not perceive that their SLC communicated in a way that helped them better understand the pandemic; there was no such association for those with higher education. The findings from this study provide support for the resource substitution hypothesis and demonstrate the importance of communication in alleviating feelings of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Mean Levels and Variability in Psychological Well-Being and Associations With Sleep in Midlife and Older Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate A Leger ◽  
Tessa R Blevins ◽  
Leslie J Crofford ◽  
Suzanne C Segerstrom
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Daily Diaries ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Disturbed Sleep

Abstract Background Disturbed sleep is prevalent in older adulthood and particularly among women. Greater psychological well-being (PWB) is associated with better sleep, but intraindividual variability in PWB has not been examined. Purpose The current study examined whether mean levels and variability in PWB were associated with sleep disturbances in midlife and older women. Methods Participants (N = 189) completed up to seven daily diaries and an end of the week assessment every 3 months for nine waves. Participants answered questions about their nightly sleep disturbances and reported their PWB using Ryff’s six dimensions of PWB. Results Regression models indicated that greater variability in one aspect of PWB, positive relations with others, was related to greater sleep disturbance even after adjusting for mean levels of well-being. Greater variability in environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance were also associated with sleep disturbance, but these associations were no longer significant after adjusting for mean levels of well-being. Conclusions Results suggest that fluctuations in positive relations with others are related to sleep in adult women above and beyond mean levels of well-being. Results highlight the importance of considering variability in addition to mean levels of PWB.

scholarly journals Retirement Abroad as Women’s Aging Strategy

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesl Gambold
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Baby Boom ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Retirement Migration ◽  
Foreign Culture ◽  
International Retirement Migration ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
Aging Women ◽  
The U.S

Understanding the culture and lifestyle choices of retirees has never been so crucial. The aging baby boom population bubble means that by 2030 eighteen percent of the U.S. will be 65 or over. The lifestyle decisions of these individuals will have far-reaching implications culturally, politically and economically. Since more women are living their post-retirement lives alone and in economically challenging situations, this paper examines the mobility of older women in the form of international retirement migration as a strategy to ameliorate levels of economic and general well-being. Historically people have retired abroad for various reasons, but current practices suggest that retiring permanently in a foreign country has become an increasingly popular aging strategy. Retiring abroad does not come without serious challenges, however, as the strains of navigating the aging process are interwoven with living in a foreign culture. Based on research done in Mexico, and southern France, this paper highlights the efforts put forth by aging women to avoid the well-trodden path of retirement before them and to forge a new path, choose a new homeland, and perhaps, reinvent themselves a bit along the way.

scholarly journals Harman & Lorandos (2020). Preprint of Allegations of Family Violence in Court: How Parental Alienation Affects Judicial Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Jill Harman ◽  
Demosthenes Lorandos
Keyword(s):  
Family Violence ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Parental Alienation ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Legal Defense ◽  
Research Assistants

We tested a set of findings reported by Meier (2019) related to the use of parental alienation (PA) as a legal defense in cases in which there are allegations of domestic violence and child abuse. A total of 967 appellate reports in which PA was found or alleged were sequentially selected from a legal database search. Nineteen research assistants blind to the study’s hypotheses coded the reports for the variables used to test six pre-registered hypotheses using a series of logistic and linear regression models. We failed to find any support for the conclusions made by Meier (2019). Parents found (versus alleged) to alienate their children, regardless of their gender, had greater odds of losing parenting time, losing custody of their children, and losing their case. These findings held even when the accusing parent had been found to have been abusive. Losses or decreases in custody were not found when the (alleged) alienated parent was found to have been abusive. Results indicate that the majority of courts carefully weigh allegations of all forms of family violence in their determinations about the best interests of children. These findings, along with several others, raise concerns that the methodological, analytical, and statistical problems we detail about Meier’s report (2019) make her conclusions untrustworthy. Discussion focuses on the importance of using open science practices for transparent and rigorous empirical testing of hypotheses and the dangers of misusing scientific findings to mislead influential professionals who affect the well-being of millions of families.

Factors affecting well-being in adults recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Beth Coty ◽  
Elizabeth G Salt ◽  
John A Myers ◽  
Said K Abusalem
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Predominantly Female

This article examines role stress, key psychosocial variables, and well-being in adults recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Patients recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis must often learn to balance disease and role-related responsibilities. This was cross-sectional, descriptive study ( N = 80). Data were analyzed using correlation coefficients and linear regression models. Participants were predominantly female (78%), married, and employed. Mean age and disease duration were 54.2 years and 24.2 months, respectively. The findings suggest that well-being is influenced by feelings of being self-efficacious and having balance in their roles and less to do with social support received from others.

Abstract P168: Parity Is Associated With Higher Arterial Stiffness But Not Its 5-year Change In Older Women: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities - Neurocognitive Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison N Bonner ◽  
Shantal Jayawickreme ◽  
Angela M Malek ◽  
Catherine J Vladutiu ◽  
Clare Oliver-Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Parity Number

Introduction: Although studies have demonstrated a J-shaped association of parity with cardiovascular disease, the association with vascular disease is not fully understood. We examined the association between parity and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a measure of arterial stiffness. Hypothesis: Women who were never pregnant or had no live births and women with 5+ live births would have higher cfPWV and 5-year cfPWV change compared to women with 1-2 live births. Materials and Methods: We included 1220 women (average age 73.7; 21.9% Black) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities - Neurocognitive Study, a cohort of 15,792 adults enrolled in 1987-1989 from four communities: Forsyth Co., NC; Jackson, MS; Minneapolis, MN; and Washington Co., MD. Technicians measured cfPWV at visit 5 (2011-13) and visit 6 or 7 (2016-19). At visit 2 (1990-92), women self-reported parity (number of prior live births), which we categorized as never pregnant or pregnant but no live births, 1-2 (referent), 3-4, and 5+ live births. We used linear regression models to evaluate associations of parity with visit 5 cfPWV and 5-year cfPWV change, adjusting for years between visits 5 and 6 or 7, age, race-center, education, body mass index, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, hypertension medication, and diabetes. Results: Participants reported having had no (7.7%), 1-2 (38.7%), 3-4 (40.0%), or 5+ (13.6%) prior live births. Women with 5+ live births had a higher visit 5 cfPWV (β=50.6 cm/s, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.6-97.7 cm/s; Table) as compared to those with 1-2 live births. No statistically significant associations were observed for other parity groups and visit 5 cfPWV or cfPWV change. Conclusions: In later life, women with 5+ live births had higher arterial stiffness than those with 1-2 live births, but the rate of cfPWV change did not differ by parity. Longitudinal arterial stiffness measurements at mid-life are needed to better understand the effect of pregnancy on the trajectory of arterial stiffness among women in later life.

Comprehensiveness of Quality of Life Instruments in Capturing Concerns Related to Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1311-1311
Author(s):  
Lathi A Nina ◽  
Pierre Isogai ◽  
Nicole Mittmann ◽  
Carlo DeAngelis ◽  
Matthew Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Specific Instrument ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Neutropenia is a serious hematologic consequence of cancer chemotherapy that can lead to further complications such as febrile neutropenia (FN). FN is potentially life threatening and often requires hospitalization. Few studies have evaluated the impact of neutropenia on quality of life (QoL). This study quantified QoL using two nonneutropenia-specific instruments, the EQ-5D questionnaire, a generic tool used to measure health-related QoL, and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General (FACT-G) questionnaire, and a neutropenia-specific instrument, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Neutropenia (FACT-N) questionnaire. The FACT-G is a 27-item questionnaire that examines QoL in patients with cancer using four subscales. A neutropenia-specific subscale (NSS) has been developed for use with the FACT-G; this combined questionnaire is the FACT-N. Data were collected from patients, who provided informed consent, and who were admitted to Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada, for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced FN. Linear regression models were fitted to examine the relationship of scores from the neutropenia-specific instrument with those obtained from the other instruments. Two models were fitted using the NSS as the response variable. Predictors for the regression models were the FACT-G scores for each of the subscales (physical, emotional, social and functional wellbeing) and the five domains of the EQ-5D (mobility, self-care, usual activity, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression) along with the visual analog scale (VAS) component of this tool. The physical and emotional wellbeing subscales of the FACT-G had a strong relationship to the NSS (p < 0.05); the social and functional well-being subscales had a much weaker relationship (p > 0.5). For the EQ-5D, the pain/discomfort domain had the strongest relationship to the NSS (p=0.18); the remaining domains, with or without the VAS, all demonstrated a weaker relationship (p > 0.5). Model fit was assessed by the adjusted R2 statistic; it was 0.54 when FACT-G subscales were used as the predictors compared to −0.04 for the EQ-5D domains indicating that the FACT-G was a better predictor of neutropenia-related concerns. Neutropenia concerns appear to be more closely related to cancer specific QoL compared to general quality of life as demonstrated by the stronger relationship of the NSS to the FACT-G than to the EQ-5D. This may be due to the comprehensiveness of the FACT-G questionnaire where a possible score anywhere from 0 to 24 or 28 can be obtained in each of the subscales, compared to three-point descriptive system for each of the domains of the EQ-5D.

Gaps in sustainability education

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brian Fisher ◽  
Erin McAdams
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Environmental Attitudes ◽  
Sustainability Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Integrated Or ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This paper aims to examine how both the amount and type of coursework impact students’ conceptualizations of sustainability. Previous research demonstrates that academic coursework influences students’ environmental attitudes, yet few studies have examined the impact of coursework on how students conceptualize “sustainability”. Design/methodology/approach – Data are examined from the 2011 Sustainability Survey, which yielded a sample of 552 students at a medium-sized university in the southeastern USA. A series of four linear regression models estimate the impact of academic coursework on students’ conceptualizations of sustainability (ecosystems/nature, eco-efficiency, community/well-being and systemic change/innovation). Findings – The results indicate that the type of course that students take significantly impacts the way in which students conceptualize this term; the number of courses taken has no statistically significant impact. This suggests that mere exposure to a particular theme in a class, rather than continued exposure to courses related to sustainability, is more important in shaping students’ perceptions. Originality/value – This study expands on previous research by examining the influence of the number and type of academic coursework on students’ conceptions of sustainability and provides a framework for understanding the varied ways in which sustainability is defined. This has important implications for how students approach ways to achieve a sustainable future. The results suggest that students may be exposed to particular messages within an academic division that encourage students to emphasize particular elements of sustainability. While not problematic on its face, the data demonstrate that students lack an integrated or holistic understanding of sustainability. They usually view sustainability through the same prism as the academic division where their coursework was located, and this has implications for students’ continued perceptions of sustainability, academic programming of sustainability and the practice of it.

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