scholarly journals EFFECT OF FREQUENCY OF PARTICIPATING IN THE REGION ACTIVITY ON FUNCTIONAL DECLINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S124-S124
Author(s):  
Masashi Yasunaga ◽  
Hisashi Kawai ◽  
Hirohiko Hirano ◽  
Hiroyuki Suzuki ◽  
Yoshinori Fujiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
Independent Effects

Abstract This 3-year prospective study was conducted to explore whether frequency of participating in the region activity exert independent effect on preventing functional decline among urban Japanese older adults after controlling for potential confounders. We examined a prospective cohort of 2,524 community-dwelling persons, aged 65 years or older, who responded to the baseline mail survey in Toshima ward, Tokyo, Japan in 2014. They were followed for the subsequent 3 years in terms of functional status. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze independent effects of frequency of participating in the region activity, such as 1) no participation, 2) no participation in the past year, 3) less than one day per month, 4) few days per month, 5) over one day per week, on functional status, controlling for potential confounders such as age, gender, self-rated health, chronic conditions and social capital at baseline. At baseline, the mean age of 1,261 participants who completely responded to follow-up survey in 2018 was72.1 years (SD=5.0), and 56.9% were women. As results of analyzing, only “over one day per week” was significant predictors of preventing subsequent functional decline even after adjustment for confounders (odds ratios .361; 95% CI .180–.725). Frequency of participating in the region activity over one day per week have effect on preventing functional decline among urban Japanese older adults after controlling for potential confounders.

Pain as a Risk Factor for Loneliness Among Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1450-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Emerson ◽  
Ian Boggero ◽  
Glenn Ostir ◽  
Jayani Jayawardhana
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Time Point

Objective: The objective of this is to examine whether pain is associated with the onset of loneliness in a sample of community-dwelling older adults. Methods: We used data from the 2008 and 2012 Health and Retirement Study. We limited the sample to community-dwelling persons aged 60 years and over who were not lonely in 2008 in order to predict the risk of onset of loneliness (incidence) in 2012. Our analytic sample included 1,563 observations. Results: Approximately 31.7% of participants reported loneliness at follow-up (2012). Logistic regression models showed that the odds of loneliness onset was 1.58 higher for those with pain at both time points, compared with those who had pain at neither time point, even after controlling for other covariates. Discussion: The results indicate that pain may increase the risk of loneliness in older adults. This suggests that appropriate pain interventions could prevent future loneliness, which in turn could prevent functional decline, disability, and premature mortality.

scholarly journals 400Overactive bladder with/without urinary incontinence and falls in the community-dwelling elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Omae ◽  
Noriaki Kurita ◽  
Taro Takeshima ◽  
Toru Naganuma ◽  
Sei Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Tree Approach

Abstract Background Little is known about the fall risk of older adults with overactive bladder (OAB), especially in the absence of urgency incontinence (UI). Methods This prospective cohort study included 630 community-dwelling, independent older adults 75 years old or older who attended a health check-up in 2017 with a 1-year follow-up. The associations of OAB with and without UI (OAB-wet and OAB-dry) with a fall history, and future fall risk compared to no OAB were assessed using logistic regression models. The contribution of OAB as a predictor of falls was examined using a random forest and decision tree approach. Results Of the 577 analyzed participants (median age 79 years), 273 were men. The prevalence of OAB-dry and OAB-wet at baseline was 15% and 14%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that both OAB-dry and OAB-wet were associated with a higher likelihood of prior falls (adjusted ORs vs no OAB 2.03 and 2.21, respectively; 95% CI 1.23–3.37 and 1.29–3.78, respectively). Among the 363 participants without a fall history, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of OAB-dry and OAB-wet for the occurrence of falls during the 1-year follow-up were 2.74 (1.19–6.29) and 1.35 (0.47–3.87), respectively. The tree-based approach used for all participants showed that OAB was an important predictor of falls in adults without a fall history. Conclusions OAB, even in the absence of UI, is an important predictor of falls in older adults with a low absolute fall risk. Key messages Our findings suggest that OAB is a risk factor for falls in the community-dwelling elderly irrespective of the presence of UI.

scholarly journals Apathy and cognitive and functional decline in community-dwelling older adults: results from the Baltimore ECA longitudinal study

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 819-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana E. Clarke ◽  
Jean Y. Ko ◽  
Constantine Lyketsos ◽  
George W. Rebok ◽  
William W. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Estimates

ABSTRACTBackground: Apathy, a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome, commonly affects patients with Alzheimer's disease. Prevalence estimates for apathy range widely and are based on cross-sectional data and/or clinic samples. This study examines the relationships between apathy and cognitive and functional declines in non-depressed community-based older adults.Methods: Data on 1,136 community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older from the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study, with 1 and 13 years of follow-up, were used. Apathy was assessed with a subscale of items from the General Health Questionnaire. Logistic regression, t-tests, χ2 and Generalized Estimating Equations were used to accomplish the study's objectives.Results: The prevalence of apathy at Wave 1 was 23.7%. Compared to those without, individuals with apathy were on average older, more likely to be female, and have lower Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) scores and impairments in basic and instrumental functioning at baseline. Apathy was significantly associated with cognitive decline (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.06, 2.60) and declines in instrumental (OR = 4.42; 95% CI = 2.65, 7.38) and basic (OR = 2.74; 95%CI = 1.35, 5.57) function at 1-year follow-up, even after adjustment for baseline age, level of education, race, and depression at follow-up. At 13 years of follow-up, apathetic individuals were not at greater risk for cognitive decline but were twice as likely to have functional decline. Incidence of apathy at 1-year follow up and 13-year follow-up was 22.6% and 29.4%, respectively.Conclusions: These results underline the public health importance of apathy and the need for further population-based studies in this area.

scholarly journals Risk factors for functional decline and institutionalisation among community-dwelling older adults with mild to severe Alzheimer’s disease: one year of follow-up

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Soto ◽  
Sandrine Andrieu ◽  
Sophie Gillette-Guyonnet ◽  
Christelle Cantet ◽  
Fati Nourhashemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
One Year ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Older Adults and Functional Decline: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. McCurry ◽  
Laura E. Gibbons ◽  
Gail E. Bond ◽  
Linda Teri ◽  
Walter A. Kukull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Japanese Speakers ◽  
Lifestyle Practices

Background: The study was conducted to examine the relationships between functional decline, health risk factors, lifestyle practices, and demographic variables in two culturally diverse, community-based samples of White and Japanese American older adults. Design: The study was an analysis of data from two ongoing studies of aging and dementia in King County, Washington. Functional status at baseline was evaluated, and factors associated with functional decline over a 4-year follow-up period were identified. The sample included 1,083 Japanese American and 1,011 White cognitively intact, community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older, who had no functional limitations at baseline and participated in at least one follow-up examination. Results: In 4 years of follow-up, 70% of the subjects reported no increase in functional limitation, and fewer than 5% of subjects declined in five or more activities. Risk factors associated with functional decline included increased age, female gender, medical comorbidity (particularly cerebrovascular disease, arthritis, and hypertension), elevated body mass index, poorer self-perceived health, and smoking. Depression and diabetes were also significant for persons with the greatest functional decline over the 4-year follow-up. Japanese speakers were significantly less likely to decline over the follow-up period than White or English-speaking Japanese American subjects. However, Japanese speakers were more likely to discontinue participation during the follow-up period, and may also have been more likely to underreport symptoms of functional decline. Conclusions: The present study provides further support that healthy lifestyle practices and prevention of chronic disease are important for maintaining functional independence in older adults. Japanese-speaking subjects were less likely to decline over time, although this could be due in part to differential dropout and reporting bias. These findings have important implications for the design and interpretation of longitudinal studies of older adults. Researchers interested in the effects of ethnicity on health and aging should be cognizant of differences in recruitment and enrollment strategies among studies, and the ways in which these affect study findings. This study also demonstrates the importance of devoting adequate resources to minimize dropouts, and of including measures of health and functioning that are culturally equivalent and less reliant on self-report data.

scholarly journals Association of Dog and Cat Ownership with Incident Frailty among Community-Dwelling Elderly Japanese

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Taniguchi ◽  
Satoshi Seino ◽  
Mariko Nishi ◽  
Yui Tomine ◽  
Izumi Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Dog Walking ◽  
Animal Interaction ◽  
Elderly Japanese ◽  
Stratified Analysis

AbstractAccumulating evidence from studies of human–animal interaction highlights the physiological, psychological, and social benefits for older owners of dogs and cats. This longitudinal study examined whether experience of dog/cat ownership protects against incident frailty in a population of community-dwelling older Japanese. Among 7881 non-frail community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older who completed a mail survey in 2016, 6,197 (mean [SD] age, 73.6 [5.3] years; 53.6% women) were reevaluated in a 2018 follow-up survey. Frailty was assessed with the Kaigo-Yobo Checklist. Incident frailty was defined as a score of four or higher in the follow-up survey. Overall, 870 (14.0%) were current dog/cat owners, 1878 (30.3%) were past owners and 3449 (55.7%) were never owners. During the 2-year follow-up period, 918 (14.8%) developed incident frailty. Mixed-effects logistic regression models showed that the odds ratio for incident frailty among dog/cat owners, as compared with never owners, current owners were 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69–1.09) and past owner were 0.84 (0.71–0.98), after controlling for important confounders at baseline. In stratified analysis, the risk of incident frailty was lower for past dog owners than for cat owners. Longer experience of caring for a dog requires physical activity and increases time outdoors spent dog walking and thus may have an important role in maintaining physical and social function and reducing frailty risk among older adults.

scholarly journals Effect of Exercising with Others on Incident Functional Disability and All-Cause Mortality in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Five-Year Follow-Up Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuya Fujii ◽  
Keisuke Fujii ◽  
Takashi Jindo ◽  
Naruki Kitano ◽  
Jaehoon Seol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Exercise Habits ◽  
All Cause Mortality

We clarified the effect of exercising with others on the risks of incident functional disability and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling adults. We used an inventory mail survey with a five-year follow-up for 1520 independently living older adults (mean age: 73.4 ± 6.3 years) in Kasama City, Japan. Subjects responded to a self-reported questionnaire in June 2014. Exercise habits and the presence of exercise partners were assessed. Subjects were classified into three groups: Non-exercise, exercising alone, and exercising with others. Follow-up information and date of incident functional disability and death during the five-year follow-up were collected from the database. To compare the association between exercise habits and functional disability and mortality, Cox regression analysis was conducted. Compared with the non-exercise group, exercising with others had significantly lower hazard ratios (HRs) for functional disability (0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40–0.88) and mortality (0.40, 95% CI 0.24–0.66) in the covariate models. Compared with exercising alone, exercising with others decreased the HRs for incident functional disability (0.53, 95% CI: 0.36–0.80) and mortality (0.50, 95% CI 0.29–0.85) rates in the unadjusted model; these associations were not significant in the covariate models. Exercising with others can contribute to functional disability prevention and longevity.

scholarly journals Factors associated with follow-up difficulty in longitudinal studies involving community-dwelling older adults

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Kawai ◽  
Manami Ejiri ◽  
Harukazu Tsuruta ◽  
Yukie Masui ◽  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Neighborhood Association ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Post Card ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background To clarify the factors associated with the gradual drop-out from society in older adults, we defined the stages of follow-up difficulty based on four follow-up surveys on non-respondents of longitudinal mail surveys in community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to examine the main factors associated with the stages of follow-up difficulty. Methods We conducted a follow-up mail survey (FL1) aimed at the baseline respondents and conducted follow-up surveys on non-respondents of each survey as follows; simplified mail (FL2), post card (FL3), and home visit surveys (FL4). The respondents of each follow-up survey were defined as a stage of follow-up difficulty and their characteristics concerning social participation and interaction at the baseline in each stage were analyzed. Results The respondent numbers of the FL1, FL2, FL3, and FL4 and NR (non-respondents) stages were 2,361; 462; 234; 84; and 101 respectively. Participation in hobby groups for FL2 and FL3, in sports groups in FL4, and for the neighborhood association and social isolation in NR were significantly associated with the stage of follow-up difficulty. Conclusions Based on these results, we conclude that the factors associated with each stage of follow-up difficulty are: 1) their activities start to be restricted by a decline in IADL in the FL2 and FL3 stages, 2) they dislike taking part in physical activity such as sports in the FL4 stage, and 3) they are more socially isolated, not belong to even a neighborhood association owing to be low social interaction in the NR group.

Trajectories of functional status among older adults receiving treatment for gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies: A report from the CARE study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12045-12045
Author(s):  
Smith Giri ◽  
Brett Barlow ◽  
Mustafa Al-Obaidi ◽  
Christian Harmon ◽  
Chen Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Functional Improvement

12045 Background: Preservation of functional independence while undergoing treatment is of utmost importance to older adults with cancer, in addition to being associated with healthcare utilization and survival. Yet, such data are not readily available from published clinical trials. We sought to examine functional status trajectories and risk factors associated with functional decline among older adults receiving treatment for GI malignancies. Methods: This study included older adults (≥60y) treated at the UAB GI oncology clinic and enrolled in a prospective Cancer and Aging Resilience Evaluation (CARE) registry. All patients completed a geriatric assessment (GA) that included an assessment of activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Participants were approached for a repeat assessment three months after baseline GA. Change in functional status was classified as one or more points decline or improvement in IADL and/or ADL from baseline to follow up. We measured the proportion with functional decline or improvement and constructed 95% confidence interval (95%CI) using binomial exact methods. We built multivariable logistic regression models to study the impact of baseline predictors on functional decline. Putative risk factors included age, sex, race/ethnicity, cancer type & stage, baseline CARE frailty index, fatigue, pain, malnutrition and CT-based muscle mass indices (Skeletal Muscle Index [SMI] and Skeletal Muscle Density [SMD]) at the time of diagnosis. Results: This study included 184 patients. The median age at first visit was 68y (IQR 64-74); 55% were males, 71% white. Primary cancer diagnoses included colorectal cancer (29%), pancreatic cancer (28%) and other GI cancers (43%); 73% presented with advanced stage disease (III/IV). Most patients were receiving first line therapy (91%), with systemic chemotherapy (95%). The median duration between the baseline and follow up assessment was 109 days (IQR 84-154 days). Overall, 38% (95%CI, 30-45%) experienced a functional decline, whereas functional improvement was seen in 22% (95%CI, 16-29%). In a multivariable analysis, baseline frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 2.37; 95%CI, 1.05-5.38; p =0.03) was associated with significantly increased odds of functional decline; a trend towards increased odds was seen for pancreatic cancer (OR = 2.23; 95%CI, 0.90-5.53; p= 0.08; reference group: colorectal cancer). Conclusions: One in three older adults with GI malignancies experienced functional decline while a quarter experienced functional improvement in the first 3 months following treatment. Baseline frailty was associated with higher odds of functional decline. Early identification of such patients may allow targeted interventions to preserve functional independence and optimize quality of life of older adults with cancer.

scholarly journals Objectively Measured Neighborhood Walkability and Change in Physical Activity in Older Japanese Adults: A Five-Year Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kikuchi ◽  
Tomoki Nakaya ◽  
Tomoya Hanibuchi ◽  
Noritoshi Fukushima ◽  
Shiho Amagasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Longitudinal Association

Objectives: This study investigated the longitudinal association between changes in older adults’ physical activity and neighborhood walkability measured by geographic information systems (GISs, (ArcGIS, ESRI Inc., Redlands, CA, USA)). Methods: A mail survey was conducted for Japanese older adults who were randomly selected from three different settlement types. Data on walking, total moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sociodemographic characteristics were collected at baseline (in 2010) and follow-up (in 2015). Multiple linear regression analyses were employed to assess the association between MVPA change and neighborhood walkability, adjusted for potential confounders. Effect sizes for independent variables on MVPA change were estimated. Results: Data from 731 community-dwelling older adults (43.7% women) were analyzed. During the follow-up, older adults’ MVPA was reduced by 94.4 min/week (−14.2%) on average (675.5 and 579.9 min/week in 2010 and 2015, respectively). Overall, older adults living in highly walkable areas showed a smaller reduction than those in low walkable areas (beta: 99.7 min/week, 95% confidence interval: 28.5–171.0). Similar associations were observed among those in the urban and suburban area, but not in the rural area. Walkability had larger effect sizes for explaining MVPA change than demographic characteristics. In addition, the findings for walking were similar to MVPA. Conclusion: Neighborhood walkability mitigated the 5-year reduction of walking and total MVPA among older adults, especially in urban areas.

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