Development and Initial Validation of the Adolescents’ Ageism Toward Older Adults Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Marchetti ◽  
Marzia Lommi ◽  
Claudio Barbaranelli ◽  
Michela Piredda ◽  
Maria Grazia De Marinis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Design And Methods

Abstract Background and Objectives Ageism toward older adults, prevalent in contemporary societies, seems to be internalized during childhood and consolidated during adolescence. Although several instruments have been developed to measure adolescents’ ageism, they present a number of limitations. The study aimed at developing a new instrument, the Adolescents’ Ageism Toward Older Adults Scale, and testing its psychometric properties. Research Design and Methods A 3-phase process was followed: the instrument’s items were developed empirically from focus groups of adolescents; its content validity was evaluated; and finally, its psychometric properties were tested through a multicenter cross-sectional study involving 575 adolescents. Results Exploratory factor analysis of the new scale retained 33 items grouped into six factors: Moodiness, Traditionalism, Physical deterioration, Anti-technologism, Sageness and Sociability. Confirmatory factor analysis evidenced a second-order factor structure. Omega coefficients measuring internal consistency were above the cut-off of 0.60 for the six factors except for Anti-technologism. Intraclass correlation coefficients for the entire scale and for the six factors were greater than 0.70, again excepting Anti-technologism. Discussion and implications The Adolescents’ Ageism Toward Older Adults Scale is a promising measure of adolescents’ negative and positive attitudes toward older adults. Its validation highlighted some criticalities that can be resolved by a few modifications. Further testing of the scale should be conducted after these modifications.

scholarly journals The Reliability of Iodine Concentration in Diaper-Retrieved Infant Urine Using Urine Collection Pads, and in Their Mothers’ Breastmilk

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Kjersti Sletten Bakken ◽  
Ingvild Oma ◽  
Synne Groufh-Jacobsen ◽  
Beate Stokke Solvik ◽  
Lise Mette Mosand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

Mild to moderate iodine deficiency is common among women of childbearing age. Data on iodine status in infants are sparse, partly due to the challenges in collecting urine. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is considered a good marker for recent dietary iodine intake and status in populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of iodine concentration measured in two spot-samples from the same day of diaper-retrieved infant urine and in their mothers’ breastmilk. We collected urine and breastmilk from a sample of 27 infants and 25 mothers participating in a cross-sectional study at two public healthcare clinics in Norway. The reliability of iodine concentration was assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and the coefficient of variation (CV). The ICC for infants’ urine was 0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–0.82), while the ICC for breastmilk was 0.83 (95% CI 0.65–0.92) Similarly, the intraindividual CV for UIC was 0.25 and 0.14 for breastmilk iodine concentration (BIC). Compared to standard methods of collecting urine for measuring iodine concentration, the diaper-pad collection method does not substantially affect the reliability of the measurements.

Psychometric Properties of the Dutch Version of the Signs of Depression Scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariska J. van Dijk ◽  
Janneke M. de Man-van Ginkel ◽  
Thóra B. Hafsteinsdóttir ◽  
Marieke J. Schuurmans
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Dutch Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health

The early detection of depression after stroke is essential for the optimization of recovery in aphasic stroke patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Signs of Depression Scale (SODS), a non-language-based screening instrument. We conducted a cross-sectional study in a sample of 58 stroke patients in a rehabilitation center. The internal consistency and interrater reliability were good (α = .71 and intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .79). The pre-defined hypotheses confirmed the construct validity, and the correlation between the SODS and the Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9) was moderate ( rb = .32). At a cutoff score of ≥1, the sensitivity was 0.80, and the specificity was 0.39. These findings indicate that the SODS is appropriate to screen for depressive symptoms and can be used by nurses to identify symptoms of depression in patients with aphasia who require further assessment.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Comparison of Multispectral Refraction Topography and Autorefractometer in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunru Liao ◽  
Zhenlan Yang ◽  
Zijing Li ◽  
Rui Zeng ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Agreement ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to evaluate the measuring consistency of central refraction between multispectral refraction topography (MRT) and autorefractometry.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including subjects in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from September 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, ages 20 to 35 years with a best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better. All patients underwent cycloplegia, and the refractive status was estimated with autorefractometer, experienced optometrist and MRT. We analyzed the central refraction of the autorefractometer and MRT. The repeatability and reproducibility of values measured using both devices were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Results: A total of 145 subjects ages 20 to 35 (290 eyes) were enrolled. The mean central refraction of the autorefractometer was −4.69 ± 2.64 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75 D), while the mean central refraction of MRT was −4.49 ± 2.61 diopters (D) (range −8.79 to +5.02 D). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a high correlation between the two devices. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) also showed high agreement. The intrarater and interrater ICC values of central refraction were more than 0.90 in both devices and conditions. At the same time, the mean central refraction of experienced optometrist was −4.74 ± 2.66 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75D). The intra-class correlation coefficient of central refraction measured by MRT and subjective refraction was 0.939.Conclusions: Results revealed that autorefractometry, experienced optometrist and MRT show high agreement in measuring central refraction. MRT could provide a potential objective method to assess peripheral refraction.

scholarly journals Cyberbullying among Adolescents: Psychometric Properties of the CYB-AGS Cyber-Aggressor Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Buelga ◽  
Javier Postigo ◽  
Belén Martínez-Ferrer ◽  
María-Jesús Cava ◽  
Jessica Ortega-Barón
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cyber Aggression ◽  
Institutional Authority ◽  
Positive Correlations

The present study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the revised version of the Adolescent Cyber-Aggressor scale (CYB-AGS). This scale is composed of 18 items that measure direct and indirect cyberbullying. A cross-sectional study was conducted using two independent samples of adolescents. The first sample included 1318 adolescents (52.6% girls) from 12 to 16 years old (M = 13.89, SD = 1.32). The second sample included 1188 adolescents (48.5% boys) from 12 to 16 years old (M = 14.19, SD = 1.80). First, to study the psychometric properties of the CYB-AGS, exploratory factor analysis was performed on Sample 1. Results indicated a two-factor structure: direct cyber-aggression and indirect cyber-aggression. Second, to verify the structure of the CYB-AGS, we selected Sample 2 to conduct confirmatory factor analysis and test the scale’s convergent validity with theoretically-related measures. Results confirmed the reliability and validity of the two-dimensional model. Moreover, measurement invariance was established. Finally, regarding convergent validity, positive correlations were obtained between cyberbullying and aggressive behaviors in school, anger expression, negative attitudes towards school, and transgression of norms. Furthermore, negative correlations were found between cyberbullying and attitudes towards institutional authority.

scholarly journals Designing and psychometric evaluation of Stretching Exercise Influencing Scale (SEIS)

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e026565
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossien Delshad ◽  
Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian ◽  
Anoshirvan Kazemnejad
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Office Employees

ObjectiveThe lack of reliable and valid tools for assessing the factors that influence stretching exercises (SEs) among Iranian office employees is obvious. This study aimed to design and evaluate psychometric properties of this instrument.DesignCross-sectional study of psychometric properties.SettingData were gathered from May to September 2017.ParticipantsParticipants were 420 office employees who were working in 10 health centres affiliated to the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran.Primary outcome measuresThe instrument was designed on the basis of the constructs of the health promotion model (HPM) and extant literature. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Cronbach’s α and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were employed to check the scale’s psychometric properties.ResultsIn total, 420 questionnaires were completed. The mean age of the office employees was 37.1±8.03 years. Among the 86 items, 77 items had significant item-to-total correlations (p<0.05). The results showed good internal consistency and reliability for the whole questionnaire and each domain. EFA results confirmed 53.32% of the total variance of the items yielded in 11 subscales. The ICC was acceptable (0.78, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.88).ConclusionsThe Stretching Exercise Influencing Scale (SEIS) can be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the factors that influence SEs among office employees.Trial registrationIRCT20160824295512N1

scholarly journals Is the BESTest at Its Best? A Suggested Brief Version Based on Interrater Reliability, Validity, Internal Consistency, and Theoretical Construct

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 1197-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parminder K. Padgett ◽  
Jesse V. Jacobs ◽  
Susan L. Kasser
Keyword(s):  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Functional Reach ◽  
Hip Abductor

Background The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and Mini-BESTest are clinical examinations of balance impairment, but the tests are lengthy and the Mini-BESTest is theoretically inconsistent with the BESTest. Objective The purpose of this study was to generate an alternative version of the BESTest that is valid, reliable, time efficient, and founded upon the same theoretical underpinnings as the original test. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods Three raters evaluated 20 people with and without a neurological diagnosis. Test items with the highest item-section correlations defined the new Brief-BESTest. The validity of the BESTest, the Mini-BESTest, and the new Brief-BESTest to identify people with or without a neurological diagnosis was compared. Interrater reliability of the test versions was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients. Validity was further investigated by determining the ability of each version of the examination to identify the fall status of a second cohort of 26 people with and without multiple sclerosis. Results Items of hip abductor strength, functional reach, one-leg stance, lateral push-and-release, standing on foam with eyes closed, and the Timed “Up & Go” Test defined the Brief-BESTest. Intraclass correlation coefficients for all examination versions were greater than .98. The accuracy of identifying people from the first cohort with or without a neurological diagnosis was 78% for the BESTest versus 72% for the Mini-BESTest or Brief-BESTest. The sensitivity to fallers from the second cohort was 100% for the Brief-BESTest, 71% for the Mini-BESTest, and 86% for the BESTest, and all versions exhibited specificity of 95% to 100% to identify nonfallers. Limitations Further testing is needed to improve the generalizability of findings. Conclusions Although preliminary, the Brief-BESTest demonstrated reliability comparable to that of the Mini-BESTest and potentially superior sensitivity while requiring half the items of the Mini-BESTest and representing all theoretically based sections of the original BESTest.

Prosthesis donning and doffing questionnaire: Development and validation

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Azuan Abu Osman ◽  
Arezoo Eshraghi ◽  
Hossein Gholizadeh ◽  
Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas ◽  
Knut Lechler
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Questionnaire Development ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hand Dexterity ◽  
Final Questionnaire

Objectives: To develop a questionnaire that specifically evaluates the ability of trans-tibial amputees to don and doff a prosthesis and to investigate the psychometric properties of the newly developed questionnaire. Background: Prosthesis should be donned and doffed few times during the day and night; thus, it is important to measure ease of donning and doffing. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: The questionnaire was designed and evaluated by a group of experts. The final questionnaire was administered to 50 individuals with trans-tibial amputation. A test–retest study was also conducted on 20 amputees to assess the repeatability of questionnaire items. Results: The prosthesis donning and doffing questionnaire was developed and tested through a pilot study. Based on Kappa index, the questionnaire items showed correlation coefficients greater than 0.7, which indicate good reliability and repeatability. The majority of the participants had good hand dexterity (80%) and could perform all types of grasps. The mean satisfaction scores with donning and doffing were 69.9 and 81.4, respectively. Most of the respondents needed to don and doff the prosthesis 3.44 times per day. Based on a 7-point score, the total scores ranged between 3 and 7. Conclusion: The prosthesis donning and doffing questionnaire items showed good psychometric properties. A scoring method was suggested based on the pilot sample, which requires further evaluation to be able to differentiate between more suspension types. A larger international multicenter evaluation is required in the future to measure the responsiveness of the scales. This questionnaire will be useful in the evaluation of the ability of amputees to don and doff a trans-tibial limb prosthesis. Clinical relevance Donning and doffing of prostheses are challenging tasks for many lower limb amputees. The prosthesis donning and doffing questionnaire, on its own or combined with other prosthetic evaluation questionnaires, has the potential to help manufacturers, clinicians, and researchers gain knowledge and improve the donning and doffing qualities of prostheses.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF PARENTAL EXPRESSED EMOTIONS SCALE

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-1) ◽  
pp. S219-23
Author(s):  
Shammem Akhtar ◽  
Zaqia Bano
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Initial Item ◽  
Family Interview ◽  
Expressed Emotions

Objective: To construct a scale and psychometric properties for the assessment of Parental expressed emotions scale in Urdu language. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, from Mar to Oct 2019. Methodology: The initial item pool of 224 items was generated with the help of CFI (Camber well Family Interview description of parental expressed emotions scale, literature review and three focus groups with target population. Among the 124 expert evaluated items after pilot study 100 items were retained which included the five dimensions of parental expressed emotions scale including, Criticalcomments, Hostility, Emotional overinvolvement, Warmth and Positive remarks. Furthermore, in the final administration of this scales data were collected from 380 parents (both mothers & fathers) from the educational institutions and community of Gujrat using self-reported questionnaire. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analysis were implied for data scrutiny. Results: The final administration of 100 items was handed over to 380 participants. The model fit showed a p-value of 0.000 that established the structure validity and significance of the items to its subscales. At the final stage among the 100 items 31 were reliable for further use. Conclusion: A scale to measure parental expressed emotions in Urdu language is competently established with 31 questions andfive sub-scales.

Psychometric Properties of the Person-Centered Version of the Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perceptions Questionnaire (PC-AAPPQ)

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 652-659
Author(s):  
Khadejah F Mahmoud ◽  
Lauren Terhorst ◽  
Dawn Lindsay ◽  
Jenna Brager ◽  
Tamar Rodney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Provider Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Instrument

Abstract Aims Given the importance of addressing provider attitudes toward individuals with unhealthy alcohol use and the current emphasis on person-centered language to help decrease stigma and mitigate negative attitudes, the aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a contemporary version of the Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire (AAPPQ) that uses person-centered language and addresses the spectrum of alcohol use. Methods The authors created a person-centered version of the AAPPQ (PC-AAPPQ) and conducted a cross-sectional study of its psychometric properties in academic settings in the Northeastern United States. The PC-AAPPQ was administered to 651 nursing students. Reliability analysis of the new instrument was performed using the total sample. Only surveys with complete data (n = 637) were randomly split into two datasets, one used for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n = 310) and the other for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n = 327). Results Compared to all the models generated from the EFA, neither the original six-factor structure nor the five-factor structure was superior to any of the other models. The results indicate that a seven-factor structure with all 30 items is the best fit for the PC-AAPPQ. Conclusions The PC-AAPPQ represents a positive effort to modernize the four-decade-old AAPPQ. This 30-item instrument, which adds one additional subscale, offers a means to assess providers’ attitudes using respectful wording that avoids perpetuating negative biases and reinforces efforts to affirm the worth and dignity of the population being treated.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS AND RESULTS: CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS THE MALAY VERSION OF DREEM INVENTORY WITH MEDICAL STUDENTS OF UNISZA, KUALA TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Mainul Haque ◽  
Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff ◽  
Md. Anwarul Azim Majumder ◽  
Zainal Zulkifli ◽  
Farah Hanani Binti Mohd Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

  Objectives: The DREEM inventory has been universally established as a generic instrument to assess health-related educational programs. There were some apprehensions regarding the psychometric properties of the DREEM raised in last few years. This study evaluated first ever the psychometric properties of the Bahasa Melayu version of the DREEM in a sample of Malaysian medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried and universal sampling method was applied. Researchers selected 1-5th-year medical students of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia, as study subjects. Researchers collected data through a guided self-administered questionnaire during a face-to-face session.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that the one factor model of DREEM-M (Model A), consisting 50 items were not fit, indicating it was a multidimensional instrument. On further CFA, it appeared that the proposed five-factor structure was not fit (Model B) as all the goodness-of-fit indices did not signify a model fit.Conclusions: The study findings revealed that the DREEM inventory 50-item inventory failed to achieve a model fit, but it demonstrated a high of internal consistency. The proposed 19-item DREEM-M revealed good model fit.

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