scholarly journals O-167. Treatment of male infertility caused by spermatogenic arrest at the primary spermatocyte stage with ooplasmic injections of round spermatids or secondary spermatocytes isolated from foci of early haploid male gametes

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (Suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 81-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Sofikitis ◽  
T. Mantzavinos ◽  
D. Loutradis ◽  
S. Antypas ◽  
I. Miyagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Primary Spermatocyte ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Haploid Male

scholarly journals Haploid male germ cells—the Grand Central Station of protein transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Pleuger ◽  
Mari S Lehti ◽  
Jessica EM Dunleavy ◽  
Daniela Fietz ◽  
Moira K O’Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Protein Transport ◽  
Model System ◽  
Sperm Head ◽  
Vesicle Transport ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Percentage ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Abnormal Sperm ◽  
Haploid Male

Abstract BACKGROUND The precise movement of proteins and vesicles is an essential ability for all eukaryotic cells. Nowhere is this more evident than during the remarkable transformation that occurs in spermiogenesis—the transformation of haploid round spermatids into sperm. These transformations are critically dependent upon both the microtubule and the actin cytoskeleton, and defects in these processes are thought to underpin a significant percentage of human male infertility. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review is aimed at summarising and synthesising the current state of knowledge around protein/vesicle transport during haploid male germ cell development and identifying knowledge gaps and challenges for future research. To achieve this, we summarise the key discoveries related to protein transport using the mouse as a model system. Where relevant, we anchored these insights to knowledge in the field of human spermiogenesis and the causality of human male infertility. SEARCH METHODS Relevant studies published in English were identified using PubMed using a range of search terms related to the core focus of the review—protein/vesicle transport, intra-flagellar transport, intra-manchette transport, Golgi, acrosome, manchette, axoneme, outer dense fibres and fibrous sheath. Searches were not restricted to a particular time frame or species although the emphasis within the review is on mammalian spermiogenesis. OUTCOMES Spermiogenesis is the final phase of sperm development. It results in the transformation of a round cell into a highly polarised sperm with the capacity for fertility. It is critically dependent on the cytoskeleton and its ability to transport protein complexes and vesicles over long distances and often between distinct cytoplasmic compartments. The development of the acrosome covering the sperm head, the sperm tail within the ciliary lobe, the manchette and its role in sperm head shaping and protein transport into the tail, and the assembly of mitochondria into the mid-piece of sperm, may all be viewed as a series of overlapping and interconnected train tracks. Defects in this redistribution network lead to male infertility characterised by abnormal sperm morphology (teratozoospermia) and/or abnormal sperm motility (asthenozoospermia) and are likely to be causal of, or contribute to, a significant percentage of human male infertility. WIDER IMPLICATIONS A greater understanding of the mechanisms of protein transport in spermiogenesis offers the potential to precisely diagnose cases of male infertility and to forecast implications for children conceived using gametes containing these mutations. The manipulation of these processes will offer opportunities for male-based contraceptive development. Further, as increasingly evidenced in the literature, we believe that the continuous and spatiotemporally restrained nature of spermiogenesis provides an outstanding model system to identify, and de-code, cytoskeletal elements and transport mechanisms of relevance to multiple tissues.

Spermatids as male gametes

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ogura ◽  
R Yanagimachi
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Normal Mouse ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Male Gametes

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is becoming increasingly popular in human infertility clinics as an efficient method for the treatment of male infertility. It is proposed that spermatids can be used as substitutes for spermatozoa if men are unable to produce sperm in their testes. At least in the hamster and mouse, the nuclei of round spermatids were capable of participating in syngamy when incorporated into homologous mature oocytes either by microsurgical ICSI or electrofusion. Normal mouse offspring were born after after electrofusion of oocytes with round spermatids. When culture in vitro of spermatogonia and spermatocytes is perfected, then spermatids, transforming spermatids and spermatozoa will all be able to be used as male gametes.

scholarly journals Cortical recruitment of centralspindlin and RhoA effectors during meiosis I of Caenorhabditiselegans primary spermatocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. jcs238543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangchuan Wang ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Cunni Zheng ◽  
Shian Wu ◽  
Michael Glotzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Contractile Ring ◽  
Cellular Division ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Ring Assembly ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Spatiotemporal Regulation ◽  
Haploid Male ◽  
Meiosis I

ABSTRACTHaploid male gametes are produced through meiosis during gametogenesis. Whereas the cell biology of mitosis and meiosis is well studied in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, comparatively little is known regarding the physical division of primary spermatocytes during meiosis I. Here, we investigated this process using high-resolution time-lapse confocal microscopy and examined the spatiotemporal regulation of contractile ring assembly in C. elegans primary spermatocytes. We found that centralspindlin and RhoA effectors were recruited to the equatorial cortex of dividing primary spermatocytes for contractile ring assembly before segregation of homologous chromosomes. We also observed that perturbations shown to promote centralspindlin oligomerization regulated the cortical recruitment of NMY-2 and impacted the order in which primary spermatocytes along the proximal–distal axis of the gonad enter meiosis I. These results expand our understanding of the cellular division of primary spermatocytes into secondary spermatocytes during meiosis I.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

scholarly journals Generation of male differentiated germ cells from various types of stem cells

Reproduction ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
pp. R179-R188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingmei Hou ◽  
Shi Yang ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Ips Cells ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Male Germ Cells ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Infertility is a major and largely incurable disease caused by disruption and loss of germ cells. It affects 10–15% of couples, and male factor accounts for half of the cases. To obtain human male germ cells ‘especially functional spermatids’ is essential for treating male infertility. Currently, much progress has been made on generating male germ cells, including spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids, from various types of stem cells. These germ cells can also be used in investigation of the pathology of male infertility. In this review, we focused on advances on obtaining male differentiated germ cells from different kinds of stem cells, with an emphasis on the embryonic stem (ES) cells, the induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, and spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). We illustrated the generation of male differentiated germ cells from ES cells, iPS cells and SSCs, and we summarized the phenotype for these stem cells, spermatocytes and spermatids. Moreover, we address the differentiation potentials of ES cells, iPS cells and SSCs. We also highlight the advantages, disadvantages and concerns on derivation of the differentiated male germ cells from several types of stem cells. The ability of generating mature and functional male gametes from stem cells could enable us to understand the precise etiology of male infertility and offer an invaluable source of autologous male gametes for treating male infertility of azoospermia patients.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS IN DAMAGES OF FERTILE PROPERTIES IN EJACULATE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TOXOCARIASIS INVASION

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Voroncova ◽  
S. O. Kenijz ◽  
V. A. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Infertility Patients

Abstract Purpose of the study. To study the features of changes of spermiologic values and degree of spermatozoa DNA fragmentation depending on the presence/absence of toxocariasis invasion. Materials and methods. 89 men aged 20 to 45 years were examined, which were divided into 5 groups. The first (control) group was 12 fertile men; the second group (comparison group) – 27 infertility patients with normal level of DNA fragmentation of sperm and without antibodies to toxocariasis; The third group – 20 infertility men with normal level of DNA fragmentation of sperm and presence of antibodies to toxocariasis. By the fourth and fifth groups included 15 infertility men with high levels of DNA fragmentation of sperm and the presence of antibodies to toxocariasis and lack of respectively. A comprehensive research was conducted for all men that included analysis of spermogram according to WHO recommendations, determination of sperm DNA fragmentation and presence of toxocariasis invasion. Results. As a result of spermograms in the studied groups of men were identified the violations of ejaculate fertility (asteno-, teratoand oligozoospermia). It has been established that the degree disturbance of spermatogenesis (including significant oligo- and teratozoospermia) is depending on the fragmentation of DNA in male gametes and the presence of antibodies to toxocara. At the same time more severe patozoospermia observed in the presence of elevated levels of fragmented sperms and the absence of antibodies to toxocara antigens, which is the basis for further research. Conclusions. Thus, the determination of sperm DNA fragmentation and availability of toxocariasis invasion in men with reproductive disorders is a necessary component of a comprehensive examination, which may allow to improve the diagnostics of male infertility and to promote the development of the right tactics and optimal treatment regimens. Keywords: male infertility, spermogram, sperm DNA fragmentation, toxocariasis invasion

scholarly journals Characterization of evolutionarily conserved key players affecting eukaryotic flagellar motility and fertility using a moss model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabea Meyberg ◽  
Pierre-François Perroud ◽  
Fabian B. Haas ◽  
Lucas Schneider ◽  
Thomas Heimerl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Flagellar Motility ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Fertility Difference

AbstractDefects in flagella/cilia are often associated with infertility and disease. Motile male gametes (sperm cells) with flagella are an ancestral eukaryotic trait that has been lost in several lineages, for example in flowering plants. Here, we made use of a phenotypic male fertility difference between two moss (Physcomitrella patens) strains to explore spermatozoid function. We compare genetic and epigenetic variation as well as expression profiles between the Gransden and Reute strain to identify a set of genes associated with moss male infertility. Defects in mammal and algal homologs of these genes coincide with a loss of fertility, demonstrating the evolutionary conservation of flagellar function related to male fertility across kingdoms. As a proof of principle, we generated a loss-of-function mutant of a coiled-coil domain containing 39 (ccdc39) gene that is part of the flagellar hydin network. Indeed, the Ppccdc39 mutant resembles the male infertile Gransden strain phenotype. Potentially, several somatic (epi-)mutations occurred during prolonged vegetative propagation of P. patens Gransden, causing regulatory differences of e.g. the homeodomain transcription factor BELL1. Probably these somatic changes are causative for the observed male fertility. We propose that P. patens spermatozoids might be employed as an easily accessible system to study male infertility of human and animals.

Ultrastructure of primary spermatocyte in fish (Tilapia: Oreochromis niloticus): The synaptonemal complex

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
T. Guha ◽  
A. Q. Siddiqui ◽  
P. F. Prentis
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Primary Spermatocyte ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Meiotic Cell ◽  
Electron Microscope Level ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes

The Primary Spermatocytes represent a stage in spermatogenesis when the first meiotic cell division occurs. They are derived from Spermatogonium or Stem cell through mitotic division. At the zygotene phase of meiotic prophase the Synaptonemal complex appears in these cells in the space between the paired homologous chromosomes. Spermatogenesis and sperm structure in fish have been studied at the electron microscope level in a few species? However, no work has yet been reported on ultrastructure of tilapia, O. niloticus, spermatozoa and spermatogenetic process. In this short communication we are reporting the Ultrastructure of Primary Spermatocytes in tilapia, O. niloticus, and the fine structure of synaptonemal complexes seen in the spermatocyte nuclei.

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