scholarly journals A “seascape genetic” snapshot of Sebastes marinus calls for further investigation across the North Atlantic

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2219-2222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Pampoulie ◽  
David Gíslason ◽  
Anna Kristin Daníelsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
The North ◽  
Preliminary Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Landscape Genetic ◽  
Genetic Pools

Abstract Pampoulie, C., Gíslason, D., and Daníelsdóttir, A. K. 2009. A “seascape genetic” snapshot of Sebastes marinus calls for further investigation across the North Atlantic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 2219–2222. A collection of 376 golden redfish (Sebastes marinus) from several fishing grounds in the North Atlantic in late 2001 was genotyped at nine microsatellite loci to provide preliminary information on the possible genetic structure in this species. Landscape genetic analysis revealed the presence of two distinct genetic pools within the North Atlantic, suggesting that S. marinus might be structured within the North Atlantic and should be the subject of more investigation.

Second reply to the comment by Romero and Kannada on “Genetic analysis of 16th-century whale bones prompts a revision of the impact of Basque whaling on right and bowhead whales in the western North Atlantic”Appears in Can. J. Zool. 84(7): 1059–1065.

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff W. Higdon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Impact

The comments by A. Romero and S. Kannada (2006. Can. J. Zool. 84: 1059–1065) provide a brief summary of North Atlantic whaling history as a critique of T. Rastogi et al. (2004. Can. J. Zool. 82: 1647–1654) . However, they fall far short of providing an accurate review of whaling history in this region. The authors present a number of factual errors, misuse several key sources, and make significant omissions, ultimately defeating the purpose of providing information to biologists, managers, and historians. In this comment I highlight the mistakes in their representation of the history of North Atlantic whaling for bowhead whales ( Balaena mysticetus L., 1758). There are unacceptable errors for most nations covered, and for American whaling in particular. The authors assert that over 30 000 bowhead whales were landed by Yankee whalers in the North Atlantic when the vast majority were in fact taken on the Pacific grounds. Although a summary of whaling history is an admirable goal and of potential value, it is unfortunate that the authors missed such an opportunity by failing to adequately research this topic, failing to include important citations, and by including sources that do not provide the information indicated. Providing a whaling summary with such errors and omissions only adds further confusion to an already confusing theme.

scholarly journals Comment on “Genetic analysis of 16th-century whale bones prompts a revision of the impact of Basque whaling on right and bowhead whales in the western North Atlantic”

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 1059-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldemaro Romero ◽  
Shelly Kannada
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Bowhead Whale ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Red Bay ◽  
The Impact

Rastogi et al. presented their genetic analysis of 16th-century whale bones found on a Basque whaling ship excavated from Red Bay, Labrador Peninsula, Canada. Based on the results from a very small sample, these authors concluded that whaling populations were already depleted before the onset of whaling. This is in direct contradiction to historical data. They also implied that the Basques were the only Europeans whaling in the North Atlantic before the onset of Yankee whaling and that there was a belief that Basque whalers historically killed equal numbers of right and bowhead whales. Here we present data based on historical and archaeological records generated by several authors using different methodologies, which clearly show that (i) Basques were not the only whalers that impacted cetacean populations in the North Atlantic; (ii) the number of whales killed by different peoples for approximately two centuries indicates that both right and bowhead whale population levels were much higher than typically assumed; and (iii) for many years there have been records published indicating that the Basques and others killed more bowhead whales than right whales, at least in the western North Atlantic.

Comment on the second reply by Higdon to the comment by Romero and Kannada on “Genetic analysis of 16th-century whale bones prompts a revision of the impact of Basque whaling on right and bowhead whales in the western North Atlantic”Appears in Can. J. Zool. 86(1): 76–79.

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
Aldemaro Romero ◽  
Shelly Kannada
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Impact

The second reply by J.W. Higdon (2008. Can. J. Zool. 86: 76–79) criticizes a previously published comment by us of T. Rastogi et al.’s (2004. Can. J. Zool. 82: 1647–1654) paper saying that we presented factual errors, misused key sources, and made a number of omissions. The main objective of our original comment was to show that there had been many other peoples and nations besides the Basques who were engaged in whaling in the North Atlantic for many centuries and, therefore, the Basques could not have been solely responsible for anthropogenic impacts on the populations of large whales in that part of the world. To that end we only sampled some sources to make our point. In this rebuttal, we show that Higdon mischaracterizes our comment as a historical review and that neither he nor B.A. McLeod et al. (2006. Can. J. Zool. 84: 1066–1069) provide any evidence that challenges our fundamental conclusions.

Genetic analysis of 16th-century whale bones prompts a revision of the impact of Basque whaling on right and bowhead whales in the western North Atlantic

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 1647-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toolika Rastogi ◽  
Moira W Brown ◽  
Brenna A McLeod ◽  
Timothy R Frasier ◽  
Robert Grenier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Right Whale ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
Right Whale ◽  
The North ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Right Whales ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Impact

The North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis (Müller, 1776), is one of the world's most endangered large cetaceans. It is widely believed that Basque whalers caused the most dramatic decline of this species in the western North Atlantic during the early-16th and 17th centuries. Previous osteological analysis of 17 historic bones suggested that 50% of the Basque harvest consisted of right whales and 50% of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus L., 1758. This 50:50 ratio has been used to estimate pre-exploitation population size, which has subsequently formed the basis of recovery goals and plans for the North Atlantic right whale. Genetic analysis of 21 bones, 13 identified as right whales and 8 as bowhead whales through osteological examination, indicates that in fact only 1 bone was a right whale and 20 were bowhead whales. Additionally, preliminary microsatellite analyses of this specimen are not consistent with the hypothesis that whaling resulted in the low genetic variation found in this species today. These results differ from what would be expected based on any previous view of Basque whaling, and raise questions regarding the impact of Basque whaling on this species.

scholarly journals Some physical properties of lcebergs and a method for their destruction

1927 ◽  
Vol 114 (767) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Glacial Ice ◽  
The North ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The North Atlantic

The icebergs which infest the North Atlantic have their origin in the glaciers of Greenland. The ice composing them is formed by compression of snow and frost, and in consequence possesses structural characteristics very different from those of ordinary ice, which we may call thermal ice. Glacial ice has been studied a great deal, and the literature on the subject is voluminous.

scholarly journals Harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the North Atlantic: Distribution and genetic population structure

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liselotte Wesley Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Harbour Porpoise ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Mitochondria Dna ◽  
The North Atlantic

The known geographical distribution (based on ship surveys, aerial surveys, incidental sightings, stranding and bycatch data) and the population genetic structure obtained from mitochondria DNA and nuclear DNA (isozymes and microsatellites) data analyses of the harbour porpoise in the North Atlantic have recently been reviewed and revised by the International Whaling Commission. The present review builds on these documents by integrating more recent genetic and distributional studies. Studies of the genetic structure of harbour porpoise populations tend to be concentrated in areas where samples are available which coincide with areas where incidental or directed catches or stranding take place. Nevertheless, recently, several genetic studies on the population structure have been able to reveal a more comprehensive picture of the harbour porpoise population structure in the Northwest and Northeast Atlantic, although not all areas have been subjected to analyses.

scholarly journals Metafora w służbie polityki. Aleksander Kwaśniewski o wstąpieniu Polski do NATO i akcesji do Unii Europejskiej

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-413
Author(s):  
Magdalena Wołoszyn
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The North ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Republic

The aim of the article is to analyse selected metaphors used by the President of the Republic of Poland, Aleksander Kwaśniewski, in public appearances during his presidency in from 1995 to 2005. The subject of interest are public appearances in which A. Kwaśniewski talked about the preparation and accession of Poland to one of the most prestigious organisations in the world – the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO) in 1999 and the European Union (EU) in 2004. The author analyses selected metaphors (including: HOME, ROAD, FAMILY), regarding Poland’s accession to these structures, which were used by the president in his speeches. The author discusses how A. Kwaśniewski, who was then the head of state, used metaphors to present his attitude towards the issue of Poland’s integration with North Atlantic Alliance and accession to the European Union and what vision of Poland’s presence in these structures he had.

scholarly journals High-resolution genetic analysis reveals extensive gene flow within the jellyfishPelagia noctiluca(Scyphozoa) in the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea

2015 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fergal Glynn ◽  
Jonathan D. R. Houghton ◽  
Thomas Bastian ◽  
Thomas K. Doyle ◽  
Verónica Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic
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