scholarly journals 397A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials on Calcium Intake for Obesity Indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee Yeon Hong ◽  
Ji Seon Lee ◽  
Hye Won Woo ◽  
Ae Son Om ◽  
Mi Kyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Calcium Supplements ◽  
Obesity Indices

Abstract Background There was no consistent finding of changes of obesity indices including fat mass by calcium supplements and dairy products intervention. Therefore, we conducted the meta-analysis of evidence on calcium supplements and dairy products (≥ 12 weeks) on changes in the obesity index (fat mass, as well as weight, body mass index, waist circumference) from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods We searched for original articles during the last 10 years until August 19, 2019, using PubMed and EMBASE. The extracted data were analysed with random effects, inverse variance model using Review Manager 5.3 ver. Results Finally, ten RCTs with calcium supplements and fourteen RCTs with dairy products among adults aged 18 years old or over were selected. The intervention with calcium supplements showed significant change of fat mass (SMD, 95% CI; -0.21 [-0.37, -0.04], p = 0.02), but not in changes in body weight (p = 0.45), BMI (p = 0.14) and WC (p = 0.88). Dairy products also showed significant results in changes of fat mass (SMD, 95% CI; -0.51 [-0.90, -0.11], p = 0.01) as well as BMI (WMD, 95% CI; -0.46 [-0.67, -0.26], p < 0.00001), but not in changes of body weight (p = 0.70) and WC (p = 0.27). Conclusions The fat mass may be reduced by both calcium supplements and dairy products intervention over 12 weeks among adults 18 years old or over. Dairy products may be beneficial for BMI reduction. Key messages Dietary calcium intake might reduce fat mass in adults (≥ 18 years).

scholarly journals Calcium Supplements and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Seung-Kwon Myung ◽  
Hong-Bae Kim ◽  
Yong-Jae Lee ◽  
Yoon-Jung Choi ◽  
Seung-Won Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Calcium Supplements

Background: Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs) have reported controversial findings regarding the associations between calcium supplements on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between them. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and the bibliographies of relevant articles for double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs in November, 2020. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of cardiovascular disease were calculated using a random effects model. The main outcomes were CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and cerebrovascular disease. Results: A total of 13 double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs (n = 28,935 participants in an intervention group and 14,243 in a control group)) were included in the final analysis. Calcium supplements significantly increased the risk of CVD (RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06–1.25], I2 = 0.0%, n = 14) and CHD (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05–1.28], I2 = 0.0%, n = 9) in double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs, specifically in healthy postmenopausal women. In the subgroup meta-analysis, dietary calcium intake of 700–1000 mg per day or supplementary calcium intake of 1000 mg per day significantly increased the risk of CVD and CHD. Conclusions: The current meta-analysis found that calcium supplements increased a risk of CVD by about 15% in healthy postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Chronic Effect of Fatmax Training on Body Weight, Fat Mass, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Obese Subjects: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7888
Author(s):  
Isaac A. Chávez-Guevara ◽  
René Urquidez-Romero ◽  
Jorge A. Pérez-León ◽  
Everardo González-Rodríguez ◽  
Verónica Moreno-Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation

Exercise training performed at the maximal fat oxidation intensity (FMT) stands out as a potential treatment of overweight and obesity. This work is a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials of studies about the effect of FMT on fat mass and maximal oxygen consumption using PubMed, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, and ScienceDirect as databases. Two independent reviewers selected 11 trials from 356 publications identified by the following keywords: fatmax, lipoxmax, maximal fat oxidation, peak of fat oxidation, physical training, physical exercise, body fat (BF), fat mass, overweight, and obesity. The risk of bias was assessed following the Cochrane Guidelines. The pooled mean difference was computed for each outcome with the random-effects model and the inverse-variance method. The meta-analysis was performed with the RevMan software v 5.3, and the heterogeneity across studies by the I2. The statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05. Results showed that the FMT reduced body weight (MD = −4.30 kg, p < 0.01, I2 = 0%), fat mass (MD = −4.03 kg, p < 0.01, I2 = 0%), and waist circumference (MD = −3.34 cm, p < 0.01). Fat-free mass remains unchanged (MD = 0.08 kg, p = 0.85), but maximal oxygen consumption increased (MD = 2.96 mL∙kg−1∙min−1, p < 0.01, I2 = 0%). We conclude that FMT at short and medium-term (eight to twenty weeks) reduces body weight and BF, increasing cardiovascular fitness in low physical fitness people with obesity.

scholarly journals Effect of probiotic fermented dairy products on incidence of respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Rashidi ◽  
Bahman Razi ◽  
Mina Darand ◽  
Azadeh Dehghani ◽  
Parisa Janmohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Fermented Dairy Products ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Fermented Dairy

Abstract Background Previous studies have suggested that the consumption of probiotic fermented dairy products (PFDP) may have a protective effect on respiratory tract infections (RTIs). However, the results of studies are inconclusive. We aimed to systematically investigate the effect of PFDP on RTIs by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods PubMed and Scopus databases were systematically searched up to October 2020 to identify eligible RCTs. Meta-analysis outcomes were risk of incidence of upper (URTIs ) and lower (LRTIs ) respiratory tract infections. A random-effects model was used to pool the relative risks (RR) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for outcomes following conception of PFDP. Results A total of 22 RCTs, with a total sample size of 10,190 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, consumption of PFDP had a significant protective effect against RTIs in the overall analysis (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.74 to 0.89) and in children (RR = 0.82, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), adults (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.66 to 1.00), and elderly population (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.98). The significant decreased risk of RTIs was also observed for URTIs (RR = 0.83, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), while, this effect was marginal for LRTIs (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.60 to 1.01, P = 0.06). The disease-specific analysis showed that PFDP have a protective effect on pneumonia (RR = 0.76, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.95) and common cold (RR = 0.68, 95 %CI: 0.49 to 0.96). Conclusions Consumption of PFDP is a potential dietary approach for the prevention of RTIs.

Efficacy and tolerability of pharmacological interventions on metabolic disturbance induced by atypical antipsychotics in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112110353
Author(s):  
Yewei Wang ◽  
Dandan Wang ◽  
Jie Cheng ◽  
Xinyu Fang ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Disturbance ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: There have been a few systematic reviews and conventional meta-analyses reporting effect of drugs on metabolic disturbance induced by atypical antipsychotics (AAPs). However, few of them provided sufficient and comprehensive comparisons between pharmacological interventions. Aims: We aimed to qualitatively compare drugs’ effect on AAPs-induced metabolic abnormalities by using network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL), and PsycINFO on March 26, 2019. Of 5889 records identified, 61 randomized clinical trials including 3467 participants were included. We estimated weighted mean difference (WMD) and odds ratio (OR) using NMA. We assessed the risk of bias of individual studies with the Review Manager 5.3. Primary outcomes included change of body weight and body mass index (BMI). Secondary outcomes included change of other cardiometabolic risk factors, acceptability, and tolerability. Results: For body weight, topiramate (WMD −5.4, 95% CI −7.12 to −3.68), zonisamide (−3.44, 95% CI −6.57 to −0.36), metformin (−3.01, 95% CI −4.22 to −1.83), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) (−3.23, 95% CI −5.47 to −0.96), and nizatidine (−2.14, 95% CI −4.01 to −0.27) were significantly superior to placebo. Results regarding to BMI were similar to that of body weight. With respect to tolerability, only topiramate (OR 24, 95% CI 3.15 to 648) was inferior to placebo. Conclusions: Considering both efficacy and tolerability, evidence from this NMA indicates zonisamide, metformin, GLP-1RAs, and nizatidine in adults should be the first-line treatment for alleviating AAPs-induced weight gain or elevated BMI.

Epidemiologic Association between Dietary Calcium Intake and Blood Pressure: A Meta-analysis of Published Data

1995 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
pp. 935-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. Cappuccio ◽  
P. Elliott ◽  
P. S. Allender ◽  
J. Pryer ◽  
D. A. Follman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Published Data

scholarly journals Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Body Weight: A Meta-Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Monami ◽  
Ilaria Dicembrini ◽  
Niccolò Marchionni ◽  
Carlo M. Rotella ◽  
Edoardo Mannucci
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), approved as glucose-lowering drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, have also been shown to reduce body weight. An extensive Medline, Cochrane database, and Embase search for “exenatide,” “liraglutide,” “albiglutide,” “semaglutide,” and “lixisenatide” was performed, collecting all randomized clinical trials on humans up to December 15, 2011, with a duration of at least 24 weeks, comparing GLP-1 receptor agonists with either placebo or active drugs. Twenty two (7,859 patients) and 7 (2,416 patients) trials with available results on body weight at 6 and 12 months, respectively, were included. When compared with placebo, GLP-1RAs determine a reduction of BMI at 6 months of −1.0 [−1.3; −0.6] kg/m2. Considering the average BMI at baseline (32.4 kg/m2) these data means a weight reduction of about 3% at 6 months. This result could seem modest from a clinical standpoint; however, it could be affected by many factors contributing to an underestimation of the effect of GLP-1RA on body weight, such as non adequate doses, inclusion criteria, efficacy of GLP-1RA on reducing glycosuria, and association to non-pharmacological interventions not specifically aimed to weight reduction.

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