scholarly journals Calcium Supplements and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Seung-Kwon Myung ◽  
Hong-Bae Kim ◽  
Yong-Jae Lee ◽  
Yoon-Jung Choi ◽  
Seung-Won Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Calcium Supplements

Background: Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs) have reported controversial findings regarding the associations between calcium supplements on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between them. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and the bibliographies of relevant articles for double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs in November, 2020. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of cardiovascular disease were calculated using a random effects model. The main outcomes were CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and cerebrovascular disease. Results: A total of 13 double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs (n = 28,935 participants in an intervention group and 14,243 in a control group)) were included in the final analysis. Calcium supplements significantly increased the risk of CVD (RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06–1.25], I2 = 0.0%, n = 14) and CHD (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05–1.28], I2 = 0.0%, n = 9) in double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs, specifically in healthy postmenopausal women. In the subgroup meta-analysis, dietary calcium intake of 700–1000 mg per day or supplementary calcium intake of 1000 mg per day significantly increased the risk of CVD and CHD. Conclusions: The current meta-analysis found that calcium supplements increased a risk of CVD by about 15% in healthy postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Analgesic Efficacy of Melatonin: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Seung-Kwon Myung ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have reported controversial findings regarding the effects of melatonin on pain reduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin on pain among adults using a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (RDBPCTs). PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and the bibliographies of relevant articles were searched up to February 2020. Two of the authors independently evaluated eligibility of the studies based on the pre-determined criteria and extracted data. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the pain score change were calculated using a random-effects meta-analysis. Out of 463 that met the initial criteria, a total of 30 trials, which involved 1967 participants with 983 in an intervention group and 984 in a control group, were included in the final analysis. In a random-effects meta-analysis, the use of melatonin reduced chronic pain in all the trials (5 studies, SMD −0.65, 95% CI −0.96 to −0.34, I2 = 57.2%) and high-quality trials (4 studies, SMD −0.62, 95% CI −1.01 to −0.23, I2 = 49.3%). Moreover, the use of melatonin significantly reduced acute postoperative pain (11 studies, SMD −0.82, 95% CI −1.40 to −0.25, I2 = 93.0%). However, the subgroup meta-analysis of high-quality RDBPCTs showed no significant association between them (6 studies, SMD −0.21, 95 % CI −0.66 to 0.24, I2 = 82.4%). The current study suggests that melatonin might be used in treatment of chronic pain, while there is no sufficient evidence for acute postoperative or procedural pain. Further trials are warranted to confirm its analgesic effect.

Adjunctive raloxifene for postmenopausal women with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Min Zhu ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Xiao-Hong Li ◽  
Dong-Bin Cai ◽  
Xin-Hu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

scholarly journals 397A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials on Calcium Intake for Obesity Indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee Yeon Hong ◽  
Ji Seon Lee ◽  
Hye Won Woo ◽  
Ae Son Om ◽  
Mi Kyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Calcium Supplements ◽  
Obesity Indices

Abstract Background There was no consistent finding of changes of obesity indices including fat mass by calcium supplements and dairy products intervention. Therefore, we conducted the meta-analysis of evidence on calcium supplements and dairy products (≥ 12 weeks) on changes in the obesity index (fat mass, as well as weight, body mass index, waist circumference) from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods We searched for original articles during the last 10 years until August 19, 2019, using PubMed and EMBASE. The extracted data were analysed with random effects, inverse variance model using Review Manager 5.3 ver. Results Finally, ten RCTs with calcium supplements and fourteen RCTs with dairy products among adults aged 18 years old or over were selected. The intervention with calcium supplements showed significant change of fat mass (SMD, 95% CI; -0.21 [-0.37, -0.04], p = 0.02), but not in changes in body weight (p = 0.45), BMI (p = 0.14) and WC (p = 0.88). Dairy products also showed significant results in changes of fat mass (SMD, 95% CI; -0.51 [-0.90, -0.11], p = 0.01) as well as BMI (WMD, 95% CI; -0.46 [-0.67, -0.26], p < 0.00001), but not in changes of body weight (p = 0.70) and WC (p = 0.27). Conclusions The fat mass may be reduced by both calcium supplements and dairy products intervention over 12 weeks among adults 18 years old or over. Dairy products may be beneficial for BMI reduction. Key messages Dietary calcium intake might reduce fat mass in adults (≥ 18 years).

scholarly journals Calcium intake, calcium supplementation and cardiovascular disease and mortality in the British population: EPIC-norfolk prospective cohort study and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiberiu A. Pana ◽  
Mohsen Dehghani ◽  
Hamid Reza Baradaran ◽  
Samuel R. Neal ◽  
Adrian D. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
All Cause Mortality

AbstractThe role of dietary calcium in cardiovascular disease prevention is unclear. We aimed to determine the association between calcium intake and incident cardiovascular disease and mortality. Data were extracted from the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer, Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk). Multivariable Cox regressions analysed associations between calcium intake (dietary and supplemental) and cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, aortic stenosis, peripheral vascular disease) and mortality (cardiovascular and all-cause). The results of this study were pooled with those from published prospective cohort studies in a meta-analsyis, stratifying by average calcium intake using a 700 mg/day threshold. A total of 17,968 participants aged 40–79 years were followed up for a median of 20.36 years (20.32–20.38). Compared to the first quintile of calcium intake (< 770 mg/day), intakes between 771 and 926 mg/day (second quintile) and 1074–1254 mg/day (fourth quintile) were associated with reduced all-cause mortality (HR 0.91 (0.83–0.99) and 0.85 (0.77–0.93), respectively) and cardiovascular mortality [HR 0.95 (0.87–1.04) and 0.93 (0.83-1.04)]. Compared to the first quintile of calcium intake, second, third, fourth, but not fifth quintiles were associated with fewer incident strokes: respective HR 0.84 (0.72–0.97), 0.83 (0.71–0.97), 0.78 (0.66–0.92) and 0.95 (0.78–1.15). The meta-analysis results suggest that high levels of calcium intake were associated with decreased all-cause mortality, but not cardiovascular mortality, regardless of average calcium intake. Calcium supplementation was associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality amongst women, but not men. Moderate dietary calcium intake may protect against cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and incident stroke. Calcium supplementation may reduce mortality in women.

scholarly journals Vitamin E for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Chen ◽  
Haili Shan ◽  
Wenjun Yang ◽  
Jiali Zhang ◽  
Haibin Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prophylactic Use

Background: Vitamin E has been increasingly used to prevent chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in recent years. However, it is still unclear whether vitamin E can effectively prevent CIPN.Methods: We searched all clinical studies in the Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov, and PubMed databases from inception to December 2020. We performed a meta-analysis of 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 486 patients that compared the vitamin E group with the control group. Outcomes of the study were incidence of all-grade CIPN, incidence of severe CIPN, and the total neuropathy scores (TNS). Random effect models were used to make the meta-analysis results more cautious.Results: Notably, vitamin E significantly reduced the incidence of all-grade CIPN (overall risk ratio (RR) = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.85, I2 = 77.3%, p = 0.007), and TNS (overall standard mean difference (SMD) = −0.64, 95% CI: −1.03, −0.25, I2 = 42.7%, p = 0.001). However, the results of the subgroup analysis, which included only double-blind RCTs, suggested that vitamin E did not significantly reduce the incidence of all-grade CIPN (overall RR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.07, 4.06, I2 = 77.5%, p = 0.531). Moreover, there was no significant difference in the incidence of severe CIPN between these two arms (p = 0.440).Conclusion: The results of our meta-analysis suggests that vitamin E has a beneficial effect on the incidence and symptoms of CIPN. However, routine prophylactic use of vitamin E is still not recommended. Moreover, more high-quality double-blind RCTs are needed to further validate the effects of vitamin E in prevention of CIPN.

scholarly journals Dietary calcium intake and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women living in Sarajevo area

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
Amila Kapetanović ◽  
Dijana Avdić
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Bone Density

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a multifactorial polygenetic disease of which the genetic determinants are modulated by hormonal, environmental and nutritional factors. Identifi cation of the risk factors for osteoporosisrelated to nutrition is important in the prevention and treatment of this disease, considering that these factors can be modifi ed. The aim of this study was to examine infl uence of dietary calcium intake on bonemineral density in postmenopausal women who hadn’t a deficit of estrogen in their menstrual history.Methods: A total of 100 postmenopausal women living in Sarajevo area, aged 50-65 years, without estrogen deficiency in menstrual history were included in the study. Mineral bone density was measured at the lumbarspine and proximal femur by Dual–Energy X–ray Absorptiometry using Hologic QDR-4000 scanner. Examination and control group were formed based on mineral bone density values. The women in the examinationgroup had osteoporosis. The women in the control group had osteopenia or normal mineral bone density. Estimates of daily dietary calcium intake were performed based on a Food Frequency Questionnaire.Results: The average daily intake of dietary calcium among women who had osteoporosis was 967.32 mg, and in women who hadn’t osteoporosis 1195.12 mg. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was registered signifi cant correlation between intake of dietary calcium and mineral bone density in examination (p<0.01) and in control group (p<0.01).Conclusion: The results of this study have shown that adequate daily intake of dietary calcium in postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years living in Sarajevo area, which hadn’t estrogen defi ciency in their menstrualhistory (in the group of women without osteoporosis amounted to 1195.12 mg) has a positive impact on bone mineral density.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document