scholarly journals Comparison of Heat and Cold Stress Effects on Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in Central European Urban and Rural Populations.

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. i86-i86
Author(s):  
J. Kyncl ◽  
A. Urban ◽  
J. Kysely ◽  
H. Davidkovova ◽  
B. Kriz
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Central European ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Heat And Cold Stress

Methods of Evaluating Protective Clothing Relative to Heat and Cold Stress: Thermal Manikin, Biomedical Modeling, and Human Testing

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 588-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine O’Brien ◽  
Laurie A. Blanchard ◽  
Bruce S. Cadarette ◽  
Thomas L. Endrusick ◽  
Xiaojiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Heat And Cold Stress ◽  
Biomedical Modeling

Abstract P380: The Cardiovascular Fate in Patients with Amputation or Revascularization for Critical Limb Ischemia

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola De Rango ◽  
Massimo Lenti ◽  
Enrico Cieri ◽  
Alessandro Marucchini ◽  
Luca Farchioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Critical Limb Ischemia ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Major Amputation ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Primary Amputation ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cox Analysis

Background: Critical limb ischemia (CLI) continues to be a significantly morbid disease for the aging population with high likelihood of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Objective: To analyze incidence and timing of all cause and cardiovascular mortality (CM) in patients who survived after intervention for CLI. Methods: Patients consecutively discharged with diagnosis of CLI during the period 2006-2008 were re-evaluated for cardiovascular morbidity after 2 years. Patients receiving revascularization either open or endovascular and those with primary major amputation were compared with Kaplan-Meier analyses. The effect of treatment on outcome was analyzed with Cox analysis. Results: There were 257 patients (171 men, aged 74.12y), 39 treated by primary major amputation and 218 by revascularization. During a mean follow-up of 37months, 81 patients died for all cause mortality and 35 for CM. Mean survival time was 57.4months. More than half deaths (n=44) occurred by 15 months with 21 patients dying in the first 6 months and 33 within the first 12 months. Thirty-five myocardial infarctions and 15 strokes occurred. Cumulative survival rate at 60 months was 54% for all cause mortality and 79% for CM. There was significantly worse survival in patients with primary amputation when compared to those receiving revascularization: rates for all cause mortality were 45% vs. 75% (p=0.001) and rates for CM were 68% vs. 90% (p<0.0001), in primary amputation and revascularization group respectively at 42 months. Unadjusted odd ratios for all cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with primary amputation vs. revascularization were 3.07 (95%CI 1.5-6.1, p=0.002) and 5.25 (95%CI 2.3-11.6, p<0.0001), respectively. After adjusting for age and gender, primary amputation persisted as independent predictor of all cause (HR 2.76, p<0.0001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 5.11; p<0.0001). Conclusion: Mortality and CM after 2 years in patients surviving from CLI procedures are high. Primary amputation is a strong predictor of poor prognosis in the mid-long term for patients with CLI. Most deaths occur in the first 15 months after treatment. This data may question the benefits of revascularization.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular and Neurological Complications Associated with Atrial Fibrillation

2017 ◽  
pp. 164-72
Author(s):  
Raymond Pranata ◽  
Hadrian Deka ◽  
Bambang Budi Siswanto
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Bidirectional Association ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Control

Atrial fibrillation (FA) is the most common type of sustained-arrhythmia and one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity globally, with estimated five million incidents. FA was associated with increased all-cause mortality (RR 1.46), cardiovascular mortality (RR 2.03), major cardiovascular events (RR 1.96), stroke (RR 2.42), ischemic stroke (RR 2.33), dementia (HR 1.42) and cognitive decline, ischemic heart disease (RR 1.61), sudden cardiac death (RR 1.88), heart failure (RR 4.99), chronic kidney disease (RR 1.64), and peripheral artery disease (RR 1.31). Overall, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality increased. Cognitive decline and dementia are also a concern since they impair function and quality of life. Overall, FA has bidirectional association with other cardiovascular diseases hence it acts as a marker for them. Therefore, prevention and control of risk factors are of utmost importance.

scholarly journals Correlation of Heat and Cold Tolerance in Iranian Tall Fescue Ecotypes with Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging and Osmotic Adjustment

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 1062-1068
Author(s):  
Mohamad-Hossein Sheikh-Mohamadi ◽  
Nematollah Etemadi ◽  
Mostafa Arab
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates ◽  
Heat And Cold Stress

Excessive heat or cold usually reduces the growth and quality of turfgrass. Genetic variations along with efficient biochemical and physiological mechanisms can diversify the tolerance to heat and cold. This study examined the effects of heat and cold stress on several biochemical and physiological parameters in Iranian tall fescue ecotypes (Festuca arundinacea L.). The control group of plants was maintained under optimal temperatures, whereas other groups were exposed to heat or cold in a growth chamber. The experiment was designed as a split plot, with stress treatments as the main plots and ecotypes as subplots. Physiologically and biochemically, the results revealed that three ecotypes (‘FA1’, ‘FA3’, and ‘FA5’) of the eight ecotypes examined in this study had better abilities to survive the simulated heat and cold stress. Better tolerance to heat and cold in the ‘FA1’, ‘FA3’, and ‘FA5’ ecotypes were probably due to higher levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities, maintenance of lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), higher levels of proline and total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC), along with a more efficient osmotic adjustment. Diamine oxidase (DAO) and polyamine oxidase (PAO) activities increased significantly in ‘FA1’, ‘FA3’, and ‘FA5’ ecotypes. In summary, the strength of tolerance among ecotypes can be ranked as ‘FA1’ > ‘FA3’ > ‘FA5’ > ‘FA2’ > ‘FA6’ > ‘FA4’ > ‘FA7’ > ‘FA8’ under heat stress and ‘FA5’> ‘FA1’ > ‘FA3’ > ‘FA2’ > ‘FA4’ > ‘FA6’ > ‘FA7’ > ‘FA8’ under cold stress.

Abstract 901: Effects of Bucindolol on Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity are Determined by the Beta-1 389 Arg/Gly Receptor Polymorphism

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel White ◽  
Peter Carson ◽  
Inder S Anand ◽  
Stephen S Gottlieb ◽  
JoAnn Lindenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Amino Acid Position ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Bucindolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker with potent sympatholytic properties. The Beta-blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST) reported that the administration of bucindolol resulted in a nonsignificant decrease in total mortality (HR = 0.89 (0.78, 1.02), unadjusted p=0.10) in patients with advanced, NYHA Class III-IV heart failure (HF). Recent observations from that trial also reported that the amino acid arginine (Arg/Arg) or glycine (any Gly) in position 389 of the beta-1 receptor plays a significant role on the clinical response to bucindolol. The impact of bucindolol on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity (cardiovascular hospitalizations) has been incompletely investigated, because hospitalizations had been evaluated from case report forms (CRFs) only, and never adjudicated by the endpoints committee (EPC). Methods: The BEST data base consists of 2708 patients with a mean follow-up of 2.0 years. Cardiovascular (CV) mortality and hospitalizations have now been evaluated by EPC, which further subclassified total hospitalizations into cardiovascular (CV) and those due to worsening heart failure (HF). The impacts of Arg or Gly encoded at amino acid position 389 on endpoints were further investigated in the 1040 patient substudy. Results: Time to event results for adjudicated CV endpoints are presented below. Conclusions: Chronic administration of bucindolol results in a significant reduction in cardiovascular hospitalizations and mortality. Effects on either are strikingly beta-1 389 Arg/Gly specific, with the higher functioning, Arg/Arg version of the receptor associated with large treatment effects and Gly carriers exhibiting little or no evidence of efficacy. Genetic targeting of the β 1 -ΑR 389 polymorphism may improve the clinical responses to bucindolol for CV mortality and morbidity.

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